Cranial Nerves

Question 1

Function of E?

Answer 1

Optic Nerve (II):

sensory: Vision

Question 2

Function of B

Answer 2

Oculomotor nerve (III):

Primary source of innervation for extra-ocular muscles to move the eyeball

Lifts upper eyelid

Turns eyeball upward, downward, and medially

Constricts pupil

Accomodates Eye

Question 3

Function C (specifically V1)

Answer 3

Trigeminal nerve (the largest cranial nerve): Opthalmic division

sensory - cornea, skin of forehead, scalp, eyelids, nose, mucous membrane of paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity

Question 4

Function I

Answer 4

Trochlear nerve (IV):

motor - assists turning eyeball downward and laterally

innervates superior oblique eye muscle

the smallest cranial nerve

Question 5

Function of D

Answer 5

Vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII):

vestibular: sensory; position and movement of head
cochlear: sensory; hearing

Question 6

Function of L

Answer 6

Facial nerve (VII):

motor: face muscles, cheek and scalp, stepedius muscle of middle ear, stylohyoid, posterior belly of digastric
sensory: taste from anterior 2/3 of tongue, floor of mouth and palate
parasympathetic: submandibular, sublingual salivary glands, lacrimal glands, glands of nose and palate

Question 7

Function of K

Answer 7

Abducens nerve (VI):

motor: lateral rectus muscle, turns eyeball laterally

Question 8

Function of H

Answer 8

Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX):

motor: stylopharyngeal muscle; swallowing
parasympathetic: parotid salivary gland
sensory: sensation/taste of posterior 3rd of tongue and pharynx, carotid sinus and carotid body

Question 9

Function of A

Answer 9

vagus nerve (X):

autonomic control of visceral function

motor - constrictor muscles of pharynx, instrinsic muscles of larynx, involuntary muscles of trachea and bronchi, heart, alimentary tract, liver, pancreas

sensory: taste from epiglottis and vallecula; afferent fibers

Question 10

Function of M

Answer 10

Accessory nerve (XI):

cranial root - motor;muscles of soft palate, pharynx, and larynx

spinal root - motor; sternocleidomastoid and trapezius

Question 11

Function of F

Answer 11

Hypoglossal nerve (XII):

motor - muscles of tongue, controlling its shape and movement

Question 12

which cranial nerves have parasympathetic fibers?

Answer 12

III. oculomotor n. VII. facial n. IX. glossopharyngeal n. X. vagus n.

Question 13

What is the function of G?

Answer 13

Olfactory nerve (I):

smell

Question 14

What is the disease of G?

Answer 14

Olfactory nerve (I):

Anosmia - loss of smell from a fracture of the ethmoid bone or lesions of olfactory fibers

Question 15

Disease of E?

Answer 15

Optic Nerve (II):

Anopsias - visual defects, blindness

Question 16

Disease of B

Answer 16

Oculomotor nerve (III):

• Innervation of Extraocularmotor Muscles: (LR6 SO4) 3*
• 3 = The remaining 4 eyeball movers*

The eye cannot move up, down, or inward.

At rest, eye rotates laterally (external strabismus) because 2 extrinsic eye muscles are unopposed.

The upper eyelid droops

The person has double vision; trouble focusing

Question 17

Function C (specifically V2)

Answer 17

Trigeminal nerve: Maxillary division

sensory: skin of face of maxilla, upper lip, teeth of upper jaw, mucuous membrane of nose, maxillary air sinus, palate

Question 18

Function C (specifically V3)

Answer 18

Trigeminal nerve: Mandibular division

sensory: skin of cheek, skin over mandible, lower lip, side of head, teeth of lower jaw, temporomandibular joint, mucous membrane of mouth and anterior 2/3s of tongue
motor: muscles of mastication, mylohyoid, anterior belly of digastric, tensor veli palatini, tensor tympani

Question 19

Disease C

Answer 19

Trigeminal nerve (V):

Tic douloureux - inflammation, produces the most excruciating pain known, stabbing pain lasts for few seconds to minute, happens 100x a day

Question 20

Disease of I

Answer 20

Trochlear nerve (IV):

Innervation of Extraocularmotor Muscles: (LR6 SO4) 3

SO4 = Superior Oblique = IV Trochlear

Results in DOUBLE VISION and reduced ability to rotate eye INFEROLATERALLY

Question 21

Disease of D

Answer 21

Vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII):

Lesions of cochlear nerve/receptors = deafness

Damage to vestibular division = loss of balance, dizziness, rapid involuntary eye movements, nausea, vomiting

Question 22

Diease of L

Answer 22

Facial nerve (VII):

Bell’s Palsy - paralysis of facial muscles, partial loss of taste, caused by herpes simplex I viral infection = swelling + inflammation, lower eyelid droops, mouth sags/difficulty speaking, tears drip, eye cannot be closed completely

Question 23

Disease of K

Answer 23

Abducens nerve (VI):

Innervation of Extraocularmotor Muscles: (LR6 SO4) 3

LR6 = Lateral rectus

eye cannot move laterally

at rest, the eyeball rotates medially (internal strabismus)

Question 24

Disease of H

Answer 24

Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX):

impairs swallowing + taste (specifically sour/bitter substances)

Question 25

Disease of A

Answer 25

vagus nerve (X):

Death; not able to breath

loss of voice, difficulty swallowing, impaired digestive system mobility, destruction is incompatible with life, activity of sympathetic nerves would be unopposed

Question 26

Disease of M

Answer 26

Accessory nerve (XI):

sternocleidomastoid paralysis = causes the heard to turn toward the injury side

trapezius paralysis = shrugging of shoulder

Question 27

Disease of F

Answer 27

Hypoglossal nerve (XII):

speech and swallowing is impaired

If both nerves are impaired, you cannot protrude the tongue

if one side affected, the tongue deviates (leans) toward the affected side; the paralyzed side wastes away (atrophy)