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Anatomy - Heckert > Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

What four Cranial nerves are involved in visceral motor functions?

A

Vagus, Glossopharyngeal, Occulomotor, Facial

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2
Q

What cranial nevers are associated with the eye?

A

Optic, Occulomotor, Trochlear, Abducens

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3
Q

What cranial nerves are involved with special sense?

A

Olfactory, Optic, Vestibulochochlear

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4
Q

What is the name for the 1st pharyngeal arch?

A

Mandibular

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5
Q

The first pharyngeal arch is associated with what CN?

A

Trigeminal (muscles of mastication, tensor tympany, tensor veli palatini, mylohyoid)

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6
Q

What is the name of the 2nd pharyngeal arch?

A

Hyoid

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7
Q

The second pharyngeal arch is associated with which CN?

A

Facial (muscles of facial expression, stapedius, sylohyoid)

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8
Q

What happens when the maxillary process of the 1st arch does not completely form?

A

Cleft palate

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9
Q

Which CN is the 3rd pharyngeal arch associated with, and what muscle is it associated with?

A

Glossopharyngeal (stylopharyngeus)

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10
Q

What CN are the 4th and 6th arches associated with?

A

Vagus

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11
Q

What are the three branches of the trigeminal nerve?

A

V1 (opthalic)

V2 (maxillary)

V3(mandibular)

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12
Q

The vestibulochochlear CN has two functions, what are they?

A

vestibular - balance

chochlear - hearing

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13
Q

What is somatic motor derived from?

A

somites

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14
Q

State the associated nerve, type of modality, and function based on the following nucleus:

Masticator facial

A

Branchial motor, 5, muscles of mastication

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15
Q

State the associated nerve, type of modality, and function based on the following nucleus:

Facial

A

branchial motor, 7, muscles of facial expression

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16
Q

State the associated nerve, type of modality, and function based on the following nucleus:

Ambiguous

A

Branchial motor, 9 and 10, muscles of pharynx and larynx

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17
Q

State the associated nerve, type of modality, and function based on the following nucleus:

Accessory

A

branchial motor, 9, trapezius and sternomastoid

SHRUG YOUR SHOULDERS

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18
Q

State the associated nerve, type of modality, and function based on the following nucleus:

Oculomotor

A

Somatic motor, 3, all eye muscles except superior oblique (trochlear) and lateral rectus (abducens)

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19
Q

State the associated nerve, type of modality, and function based on the following nucleus:

Trochlear

A

Somatic motor, 4, superior oblique

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20
Q

State the associated nerve, type of modality, and function based on the following nucleus:

Abducens

A

Somatic motor, 6, lateral rectus

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21
Q

State the associated nerve, type of modality, and function based on the following nucleus:

Hypoglossal

A

Somatic motor, 12, tongue muscles

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22
Q

State the associated nerve, type of modality, and function based on the following nucleus:

Edinger-Wastphal

A

Visceral motor, 3, ciliary muscle, constrictor pupillae

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23
Q

State the associated nerve, type of modality, and function based on the following nucleus:

Superior salivatory

A

Visceral motor, 7, all glands of the head except integumentary and parotid

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24
Q

State the associated nerve, type of modality, and function based on the following nucleus:

Inferior salivatory

A

Visceral motor, 9, parotid gland

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25
Q

State the associated nerve, type of modality, and function based on the following nucleus:

Dorsal vagus

A

Visceral motor, 10, thoracic viscera and abdominal viscera

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26
Q

State the associated nerve, type of modality, and function based on the following nucleus:

Solitarius

A

Visceral sensory, 9 and 10, visceral reflexes like nausea BUT NOT PAIN

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27
Q

State the associated nerve, type of modality, and function based on the following nucleus:

Trigeminal

A

General sensory, 5 7 9 10, pain temperature touch

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28
Q

State the associated nerve, type of modality, and function based on the following nucleus:

mitral cells of olfactory bulb

A

special sense, 1, smell

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29
Q

State the associated nerve, type of modality, and function based on the following nucleus:

ganglion cells of retina

A

special sense, 2, vision

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30
Q

State the associated nerve, type of modality, and function based on the following nucleus:

Gustatory

A

special sense, 7 and 9, taste

GUSHERS ARE TASTEY

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31
Q

State the associated nerve, type of modality, and function based on the following nucleus:

Vestibular

A

Special sense, 8, Balance

32
Q

State the associated nerve, type of modality, and function based on the following nucleus:

Chochlear

A

special sense, 8, hearing

33
Q

All sympathetic fibers into the head are post or pre ganglionic?

A

post

34
Q

Where do the preganglionic parasympathetic fibers arise from and at what 4 ganglia?

What do they piggyback on?

A

Brain stem, cilliary, pterygopalatine, otic, submandibular

Trigeminal

35
Q

A lesion to the optic nerve would have what effect on the eye?

A

lose that eye’s vision

36
Q

A lesion to the chiasmal would have what effect on the eye?

A

lose lateral field of vision

37
Q

A lesion to the optic tract would have what effect on the eye?

A

FILL IN after look up

38
Q

State the origin, associated muscle, and function:

Abducens

A

origin: pontine nucleus in PONS

Muscle: lateral rectus

function: outward pull of eye

39
Q

State the origin, associated muscle, and function:

Trochlear

A

origin: trochlear nucleus within the mesencephalon

Muscle: superior oblique

function: down and out movement of eye

40
Q

If a patient had occulomotor palsy you would most likely see:

A

Eye moves down and out

eye dilated (no parasympathetics from CN3)

41
Q

What are the nerves directly associated with CN V1?

A

frontal nerve

lacrimal nerve

nasociliary nerve

super orbital nerve

42
Q

What are the nerves directly associated with CN V2?

A

Zygomatic nerve

Infra-orbital nerve

superior alveolar nerves (anterior, middle, posterior) - teeth

43
Q

What are the nerves directly associated with CN V3?

A

meningeal branch

auriculotemporal nerve

buccal nerve (cheek)

lingual nerve

inferior alveolar nerve (lower teeth)

mental nerve (chin)

44
Q

Which CN is associated with the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

A

Facial via the chorda tympany

45
Q

Which CN is associated with the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?

A

Glossopharyngeal

46
Q

What nerves are associated with the visceral motor portion of the Facial nerve? (2)

A

(1) Greater pitrosal nerve (synapses at the ptergopalatine gland and goes to the lacrimal gland)
(2) Chordae Tympony

47
Q

What nerves are associated with the special sensory portion of the facial nerve?

A

chorda tympony (piggy backs on V3 to the lingual nerve)

48
Q

The brachial motor portion of the facial nerve is associated with what actual movement?

A

facial expression

49
Q

The visceral sensory component of the glossopharyngeal nerve is associated with what?

A

Carotid body and sinus -> blood pressure

50
Q

Where do the cells for the chochlear portion of CN8 originate?

A

chochlea of inner ear

51
Q

Where do the cells for the vestibular portion of CN8 originate?

A

hair cells in the vestibule of the inner ear

52
Q

State the actions of the Vagus nerve’s:

Brachial motor

Visceral motor

Visceral sensory

special sensory

somatic sensory

A

Brachial:constrict pharynx (speech), striated muscles in superior 2/3 of esophagus

Visceral motor: para innervation to digestive tract, heart, etc

Visceral sensory: same thing as viseral motor but sensation

Special sensory: taste from epiglottis and palate

Somatic sensory: sensation from auricle, external acustic meatus

53
Q

The somatic motor action associated with the hypoglossal nerve is:

Nerve cell bodies located at?

A

motor to intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue

Cell bodies: medulla

54
Q

Spinal Accessory’s nerve cell body location and main action?

A

Somatic motor: trapezius and sternocleidomastoid

Cell bodies: spinal cord

55
Q

Function of the:

Greater petrosal nerve

A

o Smooth muscle in lacrimal gland and nasal mucosa

o Lesser petrosal from glossopharyngeal which will go to the

parotid

56
Q

Function of the:

Corda typmani

A

o Carries pregang symp via facial nerve that will provide visceral

motor to sublingual and submandibular glands

o Carries special sense taste to anterior 2/3 of tongue

57
Q

What function does the sympathetic division of the ANS serve in terms of vision?

a. Pupil constriction
b. Pupil dilation

A
58
Q

The post-synaptic (post-ganglionic) axons that stimulate tear production in the lacrimal glands are delivered via which cranial nerve?

a. Oculomotor (CN III)
b. Facial nerve (CN VII)
c. Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)
d. Trigeminal nerve (CN V)

A
59
Q

The pre-synaptic (pre-ganglionic) axons that provide the mucous membranes of the nasal passages are from the?

a. Oculomotor nerve (CN III)
b. Facial nerve (CN VII)
c. Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)
d. Trigeminal nerve (CN V)

A
60
Q

You are home for a special family gathering and looking forward to your favorite meal. After a wonderful dinner, you realize that you enjoyed yourself way too much due to the awful stretching sensation in your stomach. In terms of innervation, this is an example of you body’s ____ division letting you know you’re full.

a. Somatomotor
b. Somatosensory
c. Visceral sesory
d. Visceral motor

A
61
Q

In the spinal nerve pathway, the post-ganglionic axon enters the spinal nerve via the?

a. Spinal nerve
b. Gray ramus (of the rami communicantes)
c. White ramus (of the white rami communicantes)
d. Spinal cord

A

b. Gray ramus (of the rami communicantes)

62
Q

Autonomic plexuses are networks of?

a. Postganglionic sympathetic and pre-ganglionic parasympathetic axons
b. Pre-ganglionic sympathetic and post-ganglionic parasympathetic axons
c. Only sympathetic axons
d. Only parasympathetic axons

A
63
Q

An autonomic reflex functions to:

a. Maintain homeostasis in the body
b. Allow you to “cry on demand”
c. Help you keep your balance when walking

A
64
Q

Pre-ganglionic sympathetic neuron cell bodies are housed within:

a. The brain stem
b. The lateral horn of the entire spinal cord
c. The lateral horn of T1 – L2 of the spinal cord
d. Sympathetic chain ganglia

A
65
Q

Another phrase describing parasympathetic innervation in the body is

a. Fight or flight
b. Stand and deliver
c. Craniosacral outflow
d. Thoracolumbar outflow

A
66
Q

The portion of the adult brain including the epithalamus, thalamus, and hypothalamus is derived from which secondary brain vesicle?

a. Telencephalon
b. Diencephalon
c. Myelencephalon
d. Metencephalon
e. Mesencephalon

A

b. Diencephalon

67
Q

Which cranial foramen permits passage of the mandibular nerve (V3)?

a. Foramen ovale
b. Foramen spinosum
c. Foramen rotundum
d. Jugular foramen

A

a. Foramen ovale

68
Q

A 65 year old women presents with small blister-like sores on her forehead stretching to the crown of her head, on the upper, but not the lower eyelid, and onto the bridge of her nose. She is diagnosed with shingles (Herpes zoster). What division of the trigeminal nerve (CN V) is infiltrated by the virus?

a. Maxillary
b. Cervical
c. Opthalmic
d. Mandibular

A

c. Opthalmic

69
Q

Special sensory taste is perceived in the posterior 1/3 of the tongue via the

a. Chorda tympani
b. Lingual nerve
c. Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)
d. Mandibular division

A

c. Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)

70
Q

Biting the tip of your tongue sends afferent signals to the brain via the

a. Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)
b. Lingual nerve (mandibular division CN V)
c. Vagus nerve (CN X)
d. Chorda tympani

A

d. Chorda tympani

71
Q

A boy age 12 has been diagnosed with lime disease. He presents with flaccid facial muscles on the left side of his face making it difficult to keep fluid in his mouth when drinking and leading to an inability to close his eye on the effected side. He is diagnosed with Bell’s palsy, which cranial nerve has been effected?

a. Opthalmic division of the trigeminal (CN V)
b. Tympanic nerve (branch of glossopharyngeal (CN IX)
c. Chorda tympani
d. Facial nerve (CN VII)

A

d. Facial nerve (CN VII)

72
Q

Which of the following ocular muscles is innervated by the trochlear nerve (CN IV)?

a. Inferior rectus
b. Lateral rectus
c. Superior oblique
d. Inferior oblique

A

c. Superior oblique

73
Q

Which of the following muscles is supplied by the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)

a. Stylopharyngeus
b. Tensor tympani
c. Styloglossus
d. Genioglossus

A

a. Stylopharyngeus

74
Q

Which cranial nerve supplies pre-ganglionic parasympathetic fibers to the lacrimal gland?

a. Trochlear nerve (CN IV)
b. Facial nerve (CN VII)
c. Trigeminal (CN V)
d. Hypoglossal nerve (CN XIII)

A

b. Facial nerve (CN VII)

75
Q

Which cranial nerve supplies pre-ganglionic parasympathetic fibers to the parotid gland?

a. Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)
b. Facial nerve (CN VII)
c. Vagus nerve (CN X)
d. Oculomotor nerve (CN III)

A

a. Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)

76
Q

Which cranial nerve permits our dexterous human toungues to create consonants and “package” our vowel sounds?

a. Chorda tympani
b. Hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)
c. Lingual nerve (V3 of the trigeminal nerve (CN V)
d. Mental nerve (V3 of trigeminal nerve (CN V))

A

b. Hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)

77
Q

Which of the following nerves would be categorized as carrying / supplying somatic motor as opposed to branchial motor nerve fibers?

a. Trigeminal (CN V)
b. Oculomotor (CN III)
c. Facial (CN VII)
d. Vagus (CN X)

A

b. Oculomotor (CN III)

Anatomy - Heckert (4 decks)

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