cranial nerves

Question 1

cranial nerve 1

Answer 1

olfactory

Question 1

cranial nerve 2

Answer 1

optic

Question 2

cranial nerve 3

Answer 2

occulomotor

Question 3

cranial nerve 4

Answer 3

trochlear

Question 4

cranial nerve 5

Answer 4

trigeminal

Question 5

cranial nerve 6

Answer 5

abducent

Question 6

cranial nerve 7

Answer 6

facial

Question 6

cranial nerve 8

Answer 6

vestibulocochlear

Question 7

cranial nerve 9

Answer 7

glossopharyngeal

Question 8

cranial nerve 10

Answer 8

vagas

Question 9

cranial nerve 11

Answer 9

accessory

Question 10

cranial nerve 12

Answer 10

hypoglossal

Question 11

CN 1 test, how to and positive test

Answer 11

smell - block one nostril close eyes and hold scent 10 cm away

posiitve = anosmia

Question 12

CN 2 test, how to and positive test

Answer 12

visual acuity - snellen chart = 3m away from chart assess 1 eye at a time
assesses macula and fovea,

positive = no 6/6 vision

peripheral vision = get pt to cover eye, cover your same eye, test peripherals by wiggling fingers in corners then move hand really fast horizontally to watch for physiological nystagmus.

positive = cant see peripherally (visual field not in tact)

opthalmascope - look inside eye for abnormalities, vesiculations and discolouration.

positive = abnormalities in fundus

Question 13

CN 2 AND 3 test, how to and positive test

Answer 13

sight and eye movements = have patient separate eyes with hand shine a light into pupil and look at that eye then shine again into the same eye but watch the other eye.
positive = lack of pupillary miosis

Question 14

CN 3, 4, 6 test, how to and positive test

Answer 14

h test - have patients move eyes in the 6 cardinal directions of gaze (assessing 1 eye at a time)

covergence test = have pt stare at something in distance, then focus on finger and bring to nose

positive = diplopia, ptosis, pathological nystagmus, non coordinated eye movements

Question 15

CN 5 test, how to and positive test

Answer 15

LIGHT TOUCH AND PAIN SENSATION = compare bilateral sensation of the v1,2,3, where 3 sharp sensations on each side in each region should be identified

positive = lack of ability to sense

motor testing = testing contraction of mm of mastication

positive = lack of contraction

Question 16

CN 7 test, how to and positive test

Answer 16

ASSESS ACTIVE FACIAL EXPRESSION, puff cheeks and get pt to resist you popping them, close eyes tight and resist practitioner opening

positive = assymetrical expression, involuntary movements, difficulty with expression. inability to resist change to movements

Question 17

CN 8 test, how to and positive test

Answer 17

WHISPER TEST - BLOCK ONE EAR AND WHISPER IN THE OTHER, THEN SWAP.

Positive = if not heard equally there may be conductive or sensorineural hearing loss

WEBBER TEST - place tuning fork on vertex and ask if pt can hear equally in both ears

positive = difference = conductive and sensorineural hearing loss in defective ear

RINNE test = place tuning fork on mastoid process and ask pt to say when vibration stops, then move fork to near and ask of they can still hear it
positive = bone conduction being better than air conduction (cant hear fork when placed next to ear)

Question 18

cn 9 and 10 test, how to and positive test

Answer 18

ask pt to say ahhh - use a tongue depressor and examine the soft pallete and uvula

positive = uvula will swing to the good side, menaing other side has a weak cn x

Question 19

cn 11 test, how to and positive test

Answer 19

RIT to traps abd scm
resist shrug and then head rotation

positive = assymetrical and weak contraction

Question 20

cn 12 test, how to and positive test

Answer 20

movements of the tongue = listen to pt articulation of words, ask pt to open mouth and stick out tongue

positive = slurred speech, tongue atrophy and vesiculations, weak tongue movements. tongue will move to weak side.