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PhysioLab > Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

How many pairs of cranial nerves are there

A

12

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2
Q

Where do cranial nerves innervate

A

The periphery of the brain

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3
Q

Where are cranial nerves located

A

Ventrolateral surface of brain

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4
Q

How are the cranial nerves numbered

A

Beginning at the anterior aspect of the brain

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5
Q

What’s the name for CN I?

A

Olfactory

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6
Q

What is the function of CN 1 and what type of nerve is it

A

Olafactory

Sense of smell

Sensory nerve

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7
Q

What is the name for CN II

A

Optic nerve

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8
Q

What is the function and type of nerve of CN II

A

Optic nerve

Function: vision

Sensory nerve

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9
Q

What is the origin and destination of CN II

A

Origin: retina of eye

Destination: diencephalon,
via optic canal (sphenoid)
then to occipital lobe

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10
Q

Which three nerves contribute to eye movement and what are those movements

A

CN III - oculomotor

CN IV - trochlear - superior oblique 💪🏽

CN VI - abducens - lateral rectus 💪🏽

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11
Q

What is the name of CN III

A

Oculomotor nerve

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12
Q

What is the function of CN III

A

Oculomotor

controls extra-ocular eye muscles

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13
Q

What motor functions of the eye does CN III control

A

Superior, rectus, medial rectus,
Inferior oblique

Lens
pupil

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14
Q

What is the origin of CN III

A

Mesencephalon

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15
Q

What is the destination of CN III

A

Extra ocular eye muscles

• Superior, inferior, & medial rectus
• Inferior oblique
• Levator palpebrae superioris

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16
Q

What is the foramen of CN III

A

Superior orbital fissure

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17
Q

What is the name of CN V

A

Trigeminal Nerve

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18
Q

What type of nerve is CN V

A

sensory & motor

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19
Q

What are the destinations of CN V and what do they impact

A

Trigeminal Nerve

Ophthalmic: sensations from forehead, eyelids, nose

Maxillary: sensations from lower eyelid, upper lip, cheek

Mandibular: controls mastication

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20
Q

What is the name for CN VII

A

Facial Nerve

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21
Q

What type of nerve is CN VII

A

Sensory and motor

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22
Q

What are the origins for CN VII

A

Facial

Sensory: taste buds

Motor: pons

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23
Q

What are the sensory and motor functions for CN VII

A

Facial

Sensory:
sensations from the face
anterior 2/3 of tongue

Somatic Motor:
Controls muscles of face

Visceral motor: lacrimal glands, nasal mucous glands, submandibular/submaxillary salivary glands, middle ear

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24
Q

What is the name for CN VIII

A

Vestibulocochlear

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25
Q

What type of nerve and what is the function of VIII

A

Sensory nerve

Function:
balance: vestibular branch
hearing: cochlear branch

26
Q

What is the origin and destination of CN VIII

A

Vestibulocochlear

Origin: receptors of vestibule &cochlea

Destination: pons

27
Q

What is the name of CN IX

A

Glossopharyngeal

28
Q

What type of nerve is CN IX

A

Glossopharyngeal

Sensory & Motor

29
Q

What are the functions of CN IX

A

Sensory function: tongue pain, blood pressure, dissolved gasses

Motor function: involuntary muscles of swallowing

30
Q

What are the origins of CN IX

A

Glossopharyngeal

Sensory: posterior 1/3 of the tongue, carotid sinus (blood pressure, dissolved gas)

Motor: salivary gland

31
Q

What is the name of CN X

A

Vagus nerve

32
Q

Is the CN X nerve sympathetic or parasympathetic?

A

Parasympathetic

33
Q

What type of nerve is CN X

A

Vagus Nerve

Sensory & Motor

34
Q

What are the sensory and motor functions of CN X

A

Vagus Nerve

Sensory: information FROM organs

Motor: sends information TO organs

35
Q

What are the origins of CN X

A

Vagus Nerve

Sensory: from the visceral organs
(to autonomic centers of medulla oblongata)

Motor: medullary oblongata

36
Q

What is the name of CN XI

A

Accessory Nerve

37
Q

What type of nerve is CN XI?

A

Motor Nerve

38
Q

What is the function of CN XI and what all does that function control

A

Accessory Nerve

Function: accessory swallowing 💪🏽

Controls:
Sternocleidomastoid,

Trapezius,

Palate,

Pharynx (voluntary muscles of swallow

Larynx

39
Q

What are the origins of CN XI

A

Spinal Cord & Medulla Oblongata

40
Q

What is the name of CN IV

A

Trochlear

41
Q

What is the function of CN IV

A

Trochlear

Eye movement:
Superior oblique muscle

42
Q

What type of nerve is CN IV?

A

Motor

43
Q

What is the destination of CN IV

A

Trochlear:

Superior oblique muscle

44
Q

What is the name of CN VI

A

Abducens Nerve

45
Q

What is the function of CN VI

A

Abducens:

Lateral rectus eye muscle

(Moving eye outward)

46
Q

What type of nerve is CN VI

A

Abducens:

Motor

47
Q

How are tendon reflexes graded?

A

0
1+

2+

3+
4+

48
Q

What does a tendon reflex of 0 indicate

A

0 = no response; always abnormal

49
Q

What does a tendon reflex of 1+ indicate

A

1+ = slight but present response
May or may not be normal

50
Q

What does a tendon reflex of 2+ indicate

A

Normal; a brisk response

51
Q

What does a tendon reflex of 3+ indicate

A

3+ = Very brisk response
May or may not be normal

52
Q

What does a tendon reflex of 4+ indicate

A

4+ = elicits a repeating reflex
Always abnormal

53
Q

Define a Clonus in regard to how tendon reflexes are graded

A

Clonus: a tap eliciting a repeating reflex

Always abnormal

54
Q

Where are the nerve roots for the biceps?

A

C5

C6

C = Cervical spine

55
Q

Where is the nerve root for the Brachioradialis?

A

C 6

(Cervical spine 6)

56
Q

Where are the nerve roots for the triceps?

A

C7

(C6-C7)

57
Q

Where are the nerve roots for the patellar / quadriceps ?

A

L4

( L2 - L4 )

58
Q

Where are the nerve roots for the Achilles?

A

S1

( S1, S2 )

59
Q

What are the motor destinations for VII

A

Glossopharyngeal nerve

Visceral motor: parotid salivary gland

Somatic motor: pharyngeal muscles for swallowing

60
Q

What are the motor destinations for CN X?

A

Visceral motor: respiratory, cardiovascular, and digestive organs

PhysioLab (6 decks)

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