Cranial Nerves Flashcards
What do nerves consist of? (2)
- Motor neurons
-Sensory neurons
How many cranial nerves are there?
12
Which nerves cater for the eye (3)
- Optic nerve, oculomtor nerve and trochlear nerve
-opthalamic nerve of trigeminal
Name the three divisions of the trigeminal nerve
- Opthalamic division
- Maxillary division
- Mandibular division
What is a corneal reflex?
Blinking
What does the chiasm do?
Crossing over of the optic nerves
Damage to which nerve causes blindess
Optic nerve
Name the mixed nerves
- Glossopharyngeal nerve
- Vagus nerve
- Facial nerve
Which nerve damage causes weakness to facial muscles
Facial nerve damage
Which number is the facial
Nerve
CN VII
Damage to which nerve causes tongue muscle weakness
Hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)
Which muscle does the trochlear nerve innervate
Superior oblique muscle
What is the function of the vestibulocochlear nerve
- Hearing
- Balance
On which area of the tongue does the glossopharyngeal nerve have a function
- posterior 1/3 of the tongue (for taste)
Damage to which nerve causes deafness
- Vestibulocochlear nerve
Explain the process from when light enters the eye (5marks)
- Light (visual input) enters the eye and travels to the retina
- The input then enters the optic nerve and travels to the chiasm.
- At the chiasm, crossing over of the nerves (nerves on the medial side of the eye).
- The optic nerve leaves the chiasm as optic tracts
- The optic tracts then enter the visual cortex for the input to be interpreted
Which is the main nerve responsible for vision?
Optic nerve (CN II)
Name the cranial nerves
- CN VIII
- CN IX
- CN X
- Vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII)
- Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)
- Vagus nerve (CN X)
What happens if you damage your Oculomotor nerve?
Eye movement is impaired (cannot look up, down or inward)
What happens when you damage your vagus nerve?
- Abnormal heart rate
- Palatal, laryngeal and pharyngeal paralysis
- Movement impairment of the oesophagus
What happens when your Vestibulocochlear nerve becomes damaged?
Dizziness
Which cranial nerve supplies the extrinsic muscles of the eye
Oculomotor nerve
Which artery is divided into three sections due to overlapping with a muscle? Also mention the name of this muscle
- Subclavian artery
- Muscle: Anterior scalene muscle
