Cranial Nerves Flashcards
Cranial Nerve V
Trigeminal Nerve (ophthalmic, maxillary, mandibular)
Sensory and motor nerve
Bilaterally innervated
Unilateral damage to cranial nerve V will cause:
The jaw to deviate towards the affected side when the mouth is closed
Bilateral damage to cranial nerve V may result
In an inability to close mouth and difficulty chewing Trigeminal neuralgia (sharp pain in the facial area)
Cranial Nerve VII
Facial Nerve
Mixed nerve (sensory and motor)
Sensory responsible for taste in anterior 2/3 of tongue
Motor innervate muscles important to facial expressions and speech
Cranial Nerve IX
Glossopharyngeal Nerve
Mixed nerve
Sensory: taste posterior 1/3 of tongue; faucial pillars, tonsils, soft palate, pharynx
Motor: stylopharyngues, pharyngeal plexus (upper pharyngeal muscles)
Lesions to Cranial Nerve IX
Lesions cause difficulty swallowing, unilateral loss of gag reflex, loss of taste posterior 1/3 tongue
Cranial Nerve X
Vagus Nerve
Mixed
Motor: pharynx and larynx
Sensory: lower pharynx, larynx, epiglottis
Cranial Nerve XI
Spinal Accessory Nerve
Supplies trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles
Innervate muscles for soft palate
Cranial Nerve XII
Hypoglossal Nerve
Motor nerve that runs under the tongue
Supplies all intrinsic and extrinsic tongue muscles (except for palatoglossus)