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OTDE 740 - Neuro > Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

Cranial Nerve I (function)

A

Olfactory: smell (olfaction)

SENSORY

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2
Q

Cranial Nerve II (function)

A

Optic: Visual activity (accuracy of sight, not interpretation of visual info)
SENSORY

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3
Q

Cranial Nerve III (function)

A

Oculomotor: extraocular eye movements; controls eyeball movements up, down, medially, laterally, and downward deviation
MOTOR

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4
Q

Cranial Nerve IV (function)

A

Trochlear: extraocular eye movements; responsible for downward and lateral eyeball movements
MOTOR

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5
Q

Cranial Nerve V (function)

A

Trigeminal:

i. Sensory: mediates sensation (pain, temperature, and discriminative touch) of the face, head, cornea of the eye, and inner oral cavity (the ophthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular regions)
ii. Motor: innervates the jaw muscles that control chewing

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6
Q

Cranial Nerve VI (function)

A

Abducens: extraocular eye movements; responsible for lateral deviation of the eyeball (looking laterally)
MOTOR

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7
Q

Cranial Nerve VII (function)

A

Facial:

i. Sensory: innervates the taste receptors on the anterior tongue
ii. Motor: innervates muscles of facial expression, muscles for eyelid closing, stapedius muscle (controls the stapes of the middle ear)

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8
Q

Cranial Nerve VIII (function)

A

Vestibulococholear:
i. Auditory Branch: transmits sensory impulses that result from the vibrations of the fluid in the cochlea; function = hearing
ii. Vestibular Branch: receives sensory stimulation from the semicircular canals of the inner ear; concerned with balance and the sensations of vertigo (dizziness); functions = balance, equilibrium, and the position of the head in space
SENSORY

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9
Q

Cranial Nerve IX (function)

A

Glossopharyngeal:

i. Sensory: taste on posterior aspect of the tongue
ii. Motor: swallowing

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10
Q

Cranial Nerve X (function)

A

Vagus:
i. Visceral Branches (carries both sensory and motor info): Sensory carries taste info from the palate and epiglottis; Motor carries parasympathetic info to and from the heart, pulmonary system, esophagus, and GI tract
ii. Skeletal Muscle Branches (carry motor info): Carries motor info to the muscles of the larynx, pharynx, and upper esophagus (muscles responsible for swallowing and speaking)
BOTH

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11
Q

Cranial Nerve XI (function)

A

Accessory: Controls elevation of the larynx during swallowing; Innervation of SCM muscle allows: Head Rotation to contralateral side, Head flexion/extension;
Innervation of the upper trapezius muscle allows for: Shoulder elevation & shoulder flexion above 90 degrees
MOTOR

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12
Q

Cranial Nerve XII (function)

A

Hypoglossal: innervates the muscle of the tongue (responsible for tongue movement)
MOTOR

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13
Q

CN I (clinical signs)

A

-Loss of Smell

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14
Q

CN II (clinical signs)

A
  • Abnormal Pupil Size
  • Loss of Vision
  • seeing rainbows/Halos
  • visual field loss
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15
Q

CN III (clinical signs)

A
  • Outward & Down ward Rotation of the Eye
  • Double Vision
  • Dilated Pupil
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16
Q

CN IV (clinical signs)

A
  • Weakness with downward eye movements
  • Double Vision
  • limited convergence
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17
Q

CN V (clinical signs)

A
  • Stabbing, Shooting, Shocking, or Burning in the Face: cheek, jaw, teeth, gums, lips, eyes, forehead
  • weakness and wasting of jaw muscles
  • jaw deviates towards involved side (mandibular branch)
  • asymmetric chewing (if damage is unilateral)
  • impaired cutaneous and proprioceptive sensation from face and mouth
  • no blink reflex when cornea is touched (ophthalmic branch)
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18
Q

CN VI (clinical signs)

A
  • Double Vision
  • Affected Eye pulled toward the Midline
  • Tilting/Rotating of Head
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19
Q

CN VII (clinical signs)

A
  • Difficulty keeping food/drink in mouth
  • concerns with making sounds that require lip movement
  • reduction in muscle tone in the face
  • paralysis or paresis of ipsilateral muscles of facial expression
  • can’t taste
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20
Q

CN VIII (clinical signs)

A
  • Hearing Loss
  • Vertigo
  • False Sense of Motion
21
Q

CN IX (clinical signs)

A
  • Concerns with gag/swallow reflex (afferent)
  • Impairment of Taste
  • Parotid Gland Dysfunction
  • sensation absent at neck
  • senses carotid BP
22
Q

CN X (clinical signs)

A
  • Difficulty Speaking
  • Loss of Voice
  • Difficulty Drinking
  • Abnormal HR and/or BP (senses aortic)
  • Concerns with gag and swallow reflex (efferent)
23
Q

CN XI (clinical signs)

A
  • Shoulder Pain
  • Winging of Shoulder Blades
  • swallowing concerns
24
Q

CN XII (clinical signs)

A
  • Weakness of the Tongue
  • Difficulty Speaking
  • tongue deviated to side of damage (if unilateral)
25
Q

CN XII (behavioral observation)

A

-Slurred Words or Jumbled Speech

26
Q

CN XI (behavioral observation)

A

-Weakness and pain in the shoulder area

27
Q

CN X (behavioral observation)

A
  • Disinterest in Food
  • Choking while drinking
  • Dizziness
  • Complaints of an Upset Stomach
28
Q

CN IX (behavioral observation)

A
  • Disinterest in Food
  • Choking while eating
  • finds food poorly prepared
  • can’t feel cold hands on one side of neck
29
Q

CN VIII (behavioral observation)

A
  • Dizziness
  • Feeling Drunk
  • Headaches
  • Asking for someone to repeat the question
  • trouble locating sound
30
Q

CN VII (behavioral observation)

A
  • Weight Loss
  • Food/Drink Spilled on Clothes (lips won’t close)
  • Speech Difficulties (due to lack of lip movement)
  • one side of face is droopy
  • inability to make facial expressions
31
Q

CN VI (behavioral observation)

A
  • Headaches
  • Neckaches
  • Difficulty when Reading
32
Q

CN V (behavioral observation)

A
  • Finds it hard to chew
  • Difficulty applying makeup evenly
  • facial pain
33
Q

CN IV (behavioral observation)

A
  • Headaches
  • Difficulty Reading
  • Bumping into objects when walking
34
Q

CN III (behavioral observation)

A
  • Headaches from light sensitivity
  • Difficulty Reading
  • Seeing two
35
Q

CN II (behavioral observation)

A
  • Difficulty when reading or driving
  • Bumping into things
  • tunnel vision
  • colors seem dull
36
Q

CN I (behavioral observation)

A
  • Disinterest in eating or drinking.

- Inability to smell flowers, smoke, etc.

37
Q

CN I (location)

A

Information comes from the olfactory bulb and olfactory tract

38
Q

CN II (location)

A

comes from the optic bulb

39
Q

CN III (location)

A

midbrain

40
Q

CN IV (location)

A

midbrain

41
Q

CN V (location)

A

pons (upper)

42
Q

CN VI (location)

A

pons (middle)

43
Q

CN VII (location)

A

pons (middle)

44
Q

CN VIII (location)

A

pons (lower)

45
Q

CN IX (location)

A

medulla (upper)

46
Q

CN X (location)

A

medulla (middle)

47
Q

CN XI (location)

A

medulla (lower)

48
Q

CN XII (location)

A

medulla (lower)

OTDE 740 - Neuro (7 decks)

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