Cranial Nerves Flashcards
Name cranial nerve I and its functions.
Olfactory nerve
- Sensory - smell
Name cranial nerve II and its functions.
Optic nerve
- Sensory - visual acuity, visual fields, and pupillary light reflex
Name cranial nerve III and its functions.
Oculomotor
- Motor - inferior rectus, ciliary body
Name cranial nerve IV and its functions.
Trochlear
- Motor - superior oblique
Name cranial nerve V and its functions.
Trigeminal
- Motor - muscles of mastication, closing jaw, move chin side to side
- Sensory - light touch with cotton for 3 divisions of nerve (ophthalmic, maxillary, mandibular)
Name cranial nerve VI and its functions
Abducens
- Motor - lacteral rectus
Name cranial nerve VII and its functions.
Facial
- Motor - muscles of facial expression (blinking, raising eyebrows, frown, smile, close eyes tightly, puff cheeks)
- Sensory - taste for anterior 2/3 of tongue
Name cranial nerve VIII and its functions.
Vestibulocochlear
- Hearing, speech
- Vestibular function - balance, proprioception
Name cranial nerve IX and its functions.
Glossopharyngeal
- Motor - swallow, gag reflex
- Sensory - taste for posterior 1/3 of tongue
Name cranial nerve X and its functions.
Vagus
- Motor - voice, soft palate, gag reflex
- Sensory - relays sensory info to the brain about organs
Name cranial nerve XI and its functions.
Accessory
- Shoulder shrug, turning head from side to side
Name cranial nerve XII and its functions.
Hypoglossal
- Tongue movements - inspect for fasiculations and asymmetry
What are the sensory and motor functions of C5?
- Motor - shoulder abduction, elbow flexion
- Sensory - axillary nerve
What muscles does C5 innervate?
Deltoid and biceps
What are the motor functions of C6? What reflex is C6 responsible for?
- Motor - elbow flexion, wrist extension
- Reflex - brachioradialis
What muscles does C6 innervate?
Brachioradialis, Extensor carpi radialis
What are the motor functions of C7? What reflex is C7 responsible for?
- Motor - elbow extension, wrist flexion
- Reflex - triceps jerk
What muscles does C7 innervate?
Triceps, flexor carpi radialis
What are the sensory and motor functions of C8?
- Motor - finger flexion
- Sensory - median nerve
If S1-S2 are damaged, what reflex is affected?
Achilles (ankle jerk)
If L3-L4 are damaged, what reflex is affected?
Patellar (knee jerk)
If C5-C6 are damaged, what reflex is damaged?
Biceps and brachioradialis
If C7-C8 are damaged, what reflex is affected?
Triceps
Name the landmark dermatomes.
- T4 - nipple
- T7 - xiphoid process
- T10 - umbilicus
- L1 - inguinal ligament
- L4 - includes the kneecaps
- S2, S3, S4 - sensation in penile and anal zones
What are the functions of L4? What areas are innervated by L4?
- Action - ankle dorsiflexion
- Sensory - anterior thigh, medial ankle
What are the functions of L5? What areas of the body does L5 innervate?
- Action - big toe dorsiflexion
- Sensory - lateral thigh, hip, groin; dorsum of the foot especially between 1st and 2nd toes
What are the functions of S1? What parts of the body does S1 innervate?
- Action - plantar flexion
- Sensory - posterior leg, calf, gluteus, plantar surface of the foot
