CRANIAL NERVES

Question 1

Olfactory nerve

Answer 1

Function: smell
Disorder: anosmia (absence of smell), hyposmia (diminished sensitivity of smell), and dysosmia (distortion of normal smell).

Question 2

Optic nerve

Answer 2

Function: vision
Disorder: glaucoma

Question 3

Oculomotor nerve

Answer 3

Function: movement of eyes
Disorder: dysconjugate gaze (double vision)

Question 4

Trochlear Nerve

Answer 4

Function: Movement of eyes
Disorder: complain of double vision vertically (vertical diplopia) or the images being tilted or rotated (torsional diplopia)

Question 5

Trigeminal nerve

Answer 5

Function: muscles matication and eardrum tension
Disorder: Trigeminal neuralgia is a chronic pain condition that affects the trigeminal nerve, which carries sensation from your face to your brain. If you have trigeminal neuralgia, even mild stimulation of your face — such as from brushing your teeth or putting on makeup — may trigger a jolt of excruciating pain.

Question 6

Abcluent Nerve

Answer 6

Function: eye movement
Disorder: Neuropathy is a disorder caused by nerve damage. It affects your ability to feel and move. Exactly how your body and your movement are affected depends on where in the body the damaged nerves are located.

Question 7

Facial nerve

Answer 7

Function: Muscle of facial expression and tension on ear bone
Disorder: Bells Palsy You might lose your facial expressions, and find it difficult to eat, drink and speak clearly. It can also become difficult to close your eye and blink, which can lead to damage to your cornea.

Question 8

Vestibulocochlear nerve

Answer 8

Function: Hearing and balance
Disorders:
The most commonly diagnosed vestibular disorders include benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), labyrinthitis or vestibular neuritis, Ménière’s disease, and secondary endolymphatic hydrops.

Question 9

Glossopharyngeal nerve

Answer 9

Function: Throat sensation, taste and swallowing
Disorders: lesions produce difficulty swallowing; impairment of taste over the posterior one-third of the tongue and palate

Question 10

Vagus Nerve

Answer 10

Function: movement, sensation and abdominal organs
Disorder: gastroparesis. This condition affects the involuntary contractions of the digestive system, which prevents the stomach from properly emptying.

Question 11

Spinal accessory nerve

Answer 11

Function: Neck movement
Disorder: Spinal accessory nerve palsy (SANP) is an abnormal shoulder condition that arises due to injury of the spinal accessory nerve. This nerve is a cranial nerve, originating from the brain and supplying the trapezius and sternomastoid muscles in the neck.

Question 12

Hypoglossal Nerve

Answer 12

Function: movement, sensation and abdominal organs
Disorders: Progressive bulbar palsy and advanced MND can cause severe tongue atrophy and an inability for the tongue to be protruded leading to the inertia of the tongue. Fasciculations frequently occur with atrophy in the case of motor neuron disease.