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Anatomy Module 3 > Cranial nerve V Trigeminal nerve > Flashcards

Cranial nerve V Trigeminal nerve Flashcards

1
Q

First Initial: Special v. General

A

Special: Function only found in a cranial nerve
General: Function can be found in cranial or spinal nerve

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2
Q

Second Initial: visceral v Somatic

A

Visceral: target part of visceral system or a structure derived from specialized embryonic precursors called pharyngeal arches
Somatic: voluntary motor conrtrol, skeletal/striated muscle, also includes somatic sensory fibers

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3
Q

Third initial: Afferent v efferent

A

afferent brings sensory info to CNS efferent brings motor info away from CNS

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4
Q

Types of Afferent fibers

A

General Somatic Affternts, General Visceral Afferents, Special afferents

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5
Q

General somatic afferents

A

Convey sensations from skin muscles and joints (touch pressure heat cold)

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6
Q

General visceral afferent

A

convey senses from internal organs

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7
Q

Special Afferents

A

special sense of vision hearing balance taste smell

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8
Q

Types of efferent fibers

A

General Somatic Efferents, Special Visceral Efferent, General Visceral Efferent

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9
Q

General Somatic Efferent

A

Innervate striated muscle not derived from embryonic pharyngeal arches (like extraocular eye muscles, tongue)

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10
Q

Special Visceral Efferent

A

Innervate striated muscle with embryological origin from phayngeal arches (facial expression, mastication)

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11
Q

General Visceral Efferent

A

Autonomic fibers that innervate smooth muscle and glands

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12
Q

Which nuclei of trigenimal nerve V are General Somatic afferents?

A

Mesencephalic nucleus, Main/principal/chief sensory nucleus V, and Spinal trigeminal nucleus

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13
Q

Which nucleus of trigeminal nerve is a Special Visceral efferent?

A

Motor nucleus V

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14
Q

Semilunar ganglion, Gasserian ganglion

A

same as Trigeminal ganglion

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15
Q

V1

A

opthalmic neve

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16
Q

V2

A

Maxillary Nerve

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17
Q

V3

A

mandibular nerve

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18
Q

Spinal Trigeminal nucleus

A

receives pain temp and crude touch sensations from face

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19
Q

Main sensory nucleus

A

receives light touch and pressure info from face, and proprioceptive info

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20
Q

Motor nucleus V

A

SVE projects axons to muscles of mastication

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21
Q

What path does trigeminal nerve take from the brainstem to its targets?

A

From brainstem it courses anteriorly through middle cranial fossa where the trigeminal ganglion are on the floor of the middle cranial fossa. then it emerges as V1 V2 and V3, they leave the cranial cavity via openings in middle cranial fossa

22
Q

Superior orbital fissure

A

V1 travels through here

23
Q

foramen rotundum

A

V2 travels through here

24
Q

Foramen ovale

A

V3 travels through here

25
Q

Supraorbital nerve V1 distribution?

A

distributed in mucosa of frontal sinus, skin and conjunctiva of superior eyelid, skin and pericranium of anterolateral forehead and scalp to vertex

26
Q

Supratrochlear nerve V1 distribution?

A

skin and conjunctiva of medial aspect of superior eyelid, skin and pericranium of anteromedial forehead

27
Q

Lacrimal nerve V1 distribution?

A

Lacrimal gland secretomotor fibers, small area of skin and conjuntiva of lateral part of superior eyelid

28
Q

Infratrochlear nerve V1 distribution?

A

distributed in skin lateral to root of nose, skin and conjunctiva of eyelids adj to medial canthus, lacrimal sac and lacrimal caruncle

29
Q

External nasal nerve V1 distribution?

A

skin of nasal ala, vestibule and dorsum of nose including apex

30
Q

Infraorbital nerve V2 distribution?

A

distributed in mucosa of maxillary sinus, premolar canine and incisor maxillary teeth, skin and conjunctiva of inferior eyelid, skin of cheek, lateral nose and anteroinferior nasal septum, skin and oral mucosa of superior lip.

31
Q

Zygomaticofacial nerve V2 distribution?

A

distributed in skin on prominence of cheek

32
Q

Zygomaticotemporal Nerve V2 distribution?

A

distributed on hairless skin anterior part of temporal fossa

33
Q

Auriculotemporal nerve V3 distribution?

A

distritubed in skin anterior to auricle and posterior 2/3 of temporal region, skin of tragus and adjacent helix of auricle, skin of root of external acoustic meatus, and skin of superior tympanic membrane

34
Q

Buccal Nerve V3 distribution?

A

Skin and oral mucosa of cheek, buccal gums adjacent to second and third molars

35
Q

Mental Nerve V3 distribution?

A

skin of chin and skin of mucosa of inferior lip

36
Q

Subdivisions in rostral caudal direction of Spinal trigeminal Nucleus

A

Pars Oralis, Pars Interpolaris, Pars Caudalis

37
Q

Pars Oralis

A

located rostrally, extends from main sensory nucleus to pontomedullary junction

38
Q

Pars Interpolaris

A

Middls position, extends from pontomedullary junction to level of obex (caudal end of fourth ventricle)

39
Q

Pars Caudalis

A

located caudally, extends from obex to spinal cord (C2-C3) thought to be MAJOR synaptic site for pain temp and crude touch from face, organization described as onion like.May be involed in gingival and pulp innervation.

40
Q

Organization of spinal trigeminal tract and spinal trigeminal nucleus

A

Ventral to dorsal organization. Fibers from V1(opthalmic nerve) are located ventrally. Fibers from V2(maxillary nerve) are located in middle portion. Fibers of V3 (mandibular nerve) are located dorsally.

41
Q

Type of neuron in mesencephalic nucleus

A

pseudounipolar neurons

42
Q

trigeminal lemniscus

A

part of touch/pressure pathway of face, where 2nd order touch/prop fibers join medial lemniscus in mid-pons.

43
Q

How do 2nd order neurons that receive A-beta info from oral cavity get to the brain?

A

They do not cross, they come in from midbrain to mesenchephalic nucleus to main sensory nucleus V then to VPM then to postcentral gyrus. The travel through dorsal trigeminal tract, in dorsomedial brainstem tegmentum (not in medial lemniscus) they travel along taste pathway which is also ipsilateral

44
Q

Three regions of Main sensory nuceus

A

same dorsal ventral organization as spinal trigeminal nucleus and tract. Ventral receives V1, Mid-region receives V2, Dorsal receives V3

45
Q

Intraoral regions of main sensory nucleus

A

represented in dorsomedial region and project ipsilaterally to VPM

46
Q

Wallenberg’s Syndrome

A

Lateral medullary syndrome, caused by ischemia in territory of vertebral artery and/or PICA. Usually involves spinal trigeminal nucleus and tract, spinothalamic tract, descending sympathetic fibers

47
Q

What will a lesion in left lateral medulla cause?

A

decrease pain and temp sensation of ipsilateral side of face bc of damage to second order neurons in spinal trigeminal nucleus/tract. And contralateral damage to spinothalamic tract

48
Q

Horner’s Syndrome

A

absence of sympathetic stimulated functions on ipsilateral side of head, includes Ptosis (drooping of superior eyelid) Miosis (constriction of pupil) Anhydrosis (absence of sweating) redness of skin (vasodilation)

49
Q

Which nucleus follows the S-1 path?

A

Main sensory nucleus V

50
Q

which nucleus projects to cerebellum

A

Spinal Trigeminal nucleus

51
Q

Which nucleus mediates jaw-jerk reflex?

A

Motor nucleus V

52
Q

Why doesn’t unilateral lesion of corticobulbar tract fibers produce dramatic weakness in mastication?

A

CN-V motor nucleus receives bilateral input from corticobulbar tract fibers

Anatomy Module 3 (8 decks)

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