Cranial Nerve Intro Flashcards
CN I
Olfactory Nerve
Smell
CN II
Optic Nerve
Vision
CN III
Oculomotor Nerve
–Most extra-ocular muscles that moves the eyes
CN IV
Trochlear Nerve
–Superior oblique extraocular muscle
CN V
Trigeminal Nerve
- Muscles of mastication for chewing, etc
CN VI
Abducens Nerve
–Lateral rectus extraocular muscle
CN VII
Facial Nerve
–Muscles of facial expression, etc.
CN VIII
Vestibulocochlear Nerve
CN IX
Glossopharyngeal Nerve
–Muscles of pharynx and larynx
CN X
Vagus Nerve
–Muscles of pharynx and larynx
CN XI
Spinal Accessory Nerve
CN XII
Hypoglossal Nerve
–Most muscles of tongue
CN V1
Ophthalmic Nerve
CN V2
Maxillary Nerve
CN V3
Mandibular Nerve
Somatic motor nerves innervate skeletal muscle derived from:
somites
Branchial motor innervates skeletal muscles derived from:
branchial/pharyngeal arches
COPS Ganglia
Ciliary (III)
Optic (IX)
Pterygopalatine (VII)
Submandibular (VII)
Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers reach their target ganglia in the head via branches of …
CN III, VII or IX
Postganglionic parasympathetic fibers reach their end organs by
Branches of CN V
Preganglionic sympathetic origination and ending
•originate in upper thoracic levels (T1-T4) of the intermediolateral cell column
Ascend and terminate in superior cervical ganglion
Sensory Cranial Nerves
Olfactory nerve (CN I)
Optic nerve (CN II)
Vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII)
The optic nerve is formed by axons of
Ganglion cells of the retina.
Vestibulocochlear nerve path
- It exits the skull with the facial nerve through the internal acoustic meatus.
- Once in the temporal bone it divides into two parts:
–the vestibular n. (balance)
–the cochlear n. (hearing).
Motor Cranial Nerves
Oculomotor nerve (CN III)
Trochlear nerve (CN IV)
Abducens nerve (CN VI)
Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)
Hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)
Mixed Cranial Nerves
Trigeminal nerve (CN V)
Facial nerve (CN VII)
Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)
Vagus nerve (CN X)
5 bones of skull base
CN III parasympathetic nuclei and function
–CN III: accessory oculomotor nucleus (Edinger Westphal nucleus)
- Supply smooth muscle of eye
CN IV parasympathetoc nuclei and function
–CN VII: superior salivary nucleus
Supply lacrimal gland for tears, 2 salivary glands, glands of nose and palate
CN IX parasympathetic nuclei and function
–CN IX: inferior salivary nucleus
•Supply parotid salivary gland
CN X parasympathetic nuclei and function
–CN X: dorsal motor nucleus of vagus
•Supply smooth muscle and glands in thorax and abdomen
vestibular and chochlear cell body locations
Oculomotor nerve function, cell bodies, types of fiber
Trochlear nerve function, cell body function, path
Abducens nerve function, cell bodies, types of fiber
Spinal accesory nerve nerve function, cell bodies, types of fiber
XI. Spinal accessory nerve
- Supplying the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid
- Arises from spinal accessory nucleus of the upper 5 segments of the spinal cord which ascend through the foramen magnum
- Exit the cranial cavity via the jugular foramen.
Hypoglossal nerve nerve function, cell bodies, types of fiber
XII.Hypoglossal nerve
- Innervating all intrinsic and most extrinsic musculature
- The cell bodies of origin for CN XII are located in the hypoglossal nucleus.
- The hypoglossal nerve leaves the cranial cavity through the hypoglossal canal
- It enters the neck and loops around the occipital artery to enter the lateral side of the tongue.
Ophthalmic division fiber type, cell bodies, cranial cavity entrance
Maxillary division fiber type, cell bodies, cranial cavity entrance
Mandibular division fiber type, cell bodies, cranial cavity entrance
