Cranial Nerve Examinations and BLS Flashcards
what are the 12 cranial nerves?
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- Olfactory - sight - sensory
- Optic - vision - sensory
- Oculomotor - eye movement - motor
- Trochlear - muscle in eye - motor
- Trigeminal - both
- Abducens - muscle in eye - motor
- Facial - both
- Vestibulocochlear - hearing and balance - sensory
- Glossopharyhneal - sensation to post. 1/3 tongue - both
- Vagus - both
- Accessory - neck and shoulders - motor
- Hypoglossal - tongue - motor
how do you check if someone is choking?
- ask pt if they are choking
- if verbal confirm = partial obstruction, encourage to cough
- if non-verbal confirm = complete obstruction - call for assistance
- x5 back slaps
- x5 abdominal thrusts
= keep going until obstruction clears
- if pt becomes unconscious, begin CPR
how to do the recovery position
- remove anything bulky in pockets
- arm close to you at 90 degree upward
- bring further arm across chest and to the opposite cheek
- full the further leg up above the knee, keeping the foot on the ground
- pull the leg to roll the leg toward you
- roll the body, supporting the head
- upper leg should be bent at 90degree
= in position
what is DRSABC?
Danger
Response
Shout for help
Airway
Breathing
Compressions
whats the criteria for chest compressions
100-120bpm
ratio 30:2
depth 5-6cm
keep going until:
- help arrives
- pt shows recovery signs
- you become exhausted
whats the criteria for chest compressions in children?
5 rescue breaths
100-120bpm
ratio 30:2
depth 1/3 of the chest
does CPR restart the heart?
no
it maintains circulation of blood around the body
how can CNI be tested?
olefactory
smell test
- pt close eyes and identify scents
how can CNII be tested?
optic nerve
- visual acuity - read from a page the smallest print
- visual field - cover one eye and test periphery
- fundoscopy - examine retina
how can CNIII be tested?
oculomotor
- eye movements and pupil restriction
pupil reflex - shine a light in each eye to see pupillary constriction
eye movement - ask pt to follow a pen
how can CNIV be tested?
trochlear nerve
- the superior oblique muscle in the eye
- pt should be able to look down and toward the nose
how can CNV be tested?
trigeminal nerve
sensation - cotton wool and hard object
corneal relex - touch with cotton wool, should blink
motor - feel masseter and temporalis
how can CVNI be tested?
abducens
- lateral rectus muscle in the eye
- should be able to move eye outwards
how can CNVII be tested?
facial nerve
motor
- raise eyebrows
- close eyes
- puff cheeks
sensory on anterior 2/3 tongue
- taste for sweet and salty
how can CNVIII be tested?
vestibulocochlear
hearing - tuning fork or whisper
balance - stand with feet together and eyes closed
