Cranial motion and Cranial strains Flashcards
5 tenets of primary respiratory mechanism
inherent rhythmic motion of brain and spinal cord
fluctuation of CSF
mobility of intracranial and intraspinal membranes
articular mobility of cranial bones
involuntary mobility of sacrum between ilia
the dura is continuous with what
periosteum of skull
what influence the phsyiologic cranial movements
dural membrane
coiling and uncoiling of CNS
fluctuation CSF
what occurs in inhalation to cranium
flexion and external rotation
what occurs in exhalation to cranium
extension and internal rotation
where is the respiratory axis of the sarcum
2nd sacral segment, transverse axis
what is nutation
sacral felxion from spinal and dura core link
the base anteriorly and apex posteriorly
what is counternutation
sacral extension. base moves posterosuperioly and apex moves anteriorly towards pubes
flexion phase of cranium causes what in sacrum
counternutation
what are the midline bones of cranium
sphenoid, occiput, ethmoid, vomer and sacrum
what are the paired bones of the cranium
temporals, parietals, frontals, ethmoid, nasals, lacrimals, maxillae, palatines, zygomae, inferior conchae and mandible
which bones are moving in the fleixon and extension
midline bones
what bones move in the external and internal rotation
paired bones
what is normal cranial rhythmic impulse
10-14 fluctuations a minute
what are the 2 phases of cranial impulse
flexion- external rotation of paired bones with increase width of head
extension- internal rotation of paired bones with increased length of the head
where does flexion of cranial motion move around
rotational around 2 transverse axes
at level of foramen magnum
body of sphenoid
SBS motion in flexion
basiocciput and basispehnoid move cephalad and occipital squama and wings of sphenoid move caudally
SBS motion in extension
basiocciput and basisphenoid move caudad while occipital squama and wings of sphenoid move cephalad
axis in extension cranial motion
rotational around 2 transverse axes
at level of foramen magnum
body of sphenoid
what type of cranial strains are there
torsion, sidebending rotation, vertical strain, lateral strain, SBS compression
what is cranial torsion
sphenoid and occiput rotate in opposite directions around AP axis
how do you name R or L cranial torsion
superior greater wing of sphenoid
L index finger moves superior and 5th digit moves inferior
R index finger moves inferior and 5th digit superior
L torsion
describe cranial sidebending rotation
sphenoid and occiput rotate opp directions around parallel vertical axes to side bend
bones rotates around AP axis in same direction so on side of SBS convexity
cranium moves inferior
how do you name L or R sidebending rotation of cranium
side of SBS convexity and the side that moves inferiorly
describe what you feel on sidebending rotation of cranial motion
fingers of one hand spread apart and move inferiorly while on other hand they come together and move superiorly
so R would be R apart and inferior
L together and superior
Motion of vertical strain
sphenoid and occiput rotate same direction parallel transverse axes
shearing force of SBS
one bone in flexion other in extension
how are vertical strains named
superior and inferior
direction of the base of spenoid
describe what you feel in superior vertical strain
index fingers move inferior because sphenoid base moving superiorly
5th digits of hands move superiorly because the occiput is moving inferior
what is a lateral strain
sphenoid and occiput rotate in same direction around parallel vertical axes, shearing force at SBS
lateral strains are named how
direction the basisphenoid moves
describe vault hold for L lateral strain
index fingers shift to right (sphenoid base moves L)
5th digits shift to L (occipital base turns right)
What is SBS compression
approximation of sphenoid and occipital bases as they compress along AP axis
What do you feel in SBS compression
both hands approximate
assoc with decreased Primary Resp rate
What can cause a superior vertical strain
- caudal force centrally over anterior superior frontal bone
- force to superior occiput directed from superior/posterior to anterior
what can cause a inferior vertical strain
- caudal force to basisphenoid (like from bregma)
- cephalad force to condylar parts (falling on base of spine)
- caudal force transmitted b/l posterior superior parietal bones or along posterior sagittal surture
what can cause SBS compression
force directed along AP axis leading to longitudinal compression of SBS
what can cause lateral strains
- lateral- medial force over greater wing of sphenoid pushing them L or R
- lateral-medial force over occiput pushing the posterior occiput L or R
what can cause external rotations of temporal bones
- force L mandible in L-R direction causes R externally rotated temporal bone and L internal rotated temporal bone
- traction of one side mandible from dental work can cause internal rotation of ipsilateral side as the traction and external rotation on contra side
