Cranial Meninges

Question 1

Internal to the cranium

Answer 1

Cranial Meninges

Question 2

A fluid filled cavity vital to the normal fxn of the brain

Answer 2

Subarachnoid space

Question 3

Protection
Supporting framework
Encloses subarachnoid

Answer 3

Cranial meninges

Question 4

3 membranous CT layers

Answer 4

Dura mater
Arachnoid mater
Pia mater

Question 5

Arachnoid and pia mater collectively make up the

Answer 5

Leptomeninx (slender membrane)

Question 6

This contains the CSF and helps maintain the balance of ECF in the brain.

Answer 6

Subarachnoid or leptomeningeal space

Question 7

Similar to blood in constitution but less protein and diff ion conc.

Answer 7

CSF

Question 8

CSF is formed by

Answer 8

Choroid plexus of the four ventricles of the brain.

Question 9

Leaves the ventricular system and enters the subsrachnoid space where it cushionc and nourishes the brain

Answer 9

CSF

Question 10

Dense and bilaminar. Aka pachymeninx

Adherent to the internal table of the calvaria

Answer 10

Dura mater

Question 11

Periosteum covering of th internal surface of the calvaria

Answer 11

External periosteal layer

Question 12

Strong fibrous membrane that is continuous at the foramen magnum with the spinal dura covering the spinal cord

Answer 12

Internal meningeal layer

Question 13

Its attachment is tenacious along the suture lines and in the cranial base and continuous at the cranial foramina.

Answer 13

External periosteal layer of dura

Question 14

Intimately fused with the periosteal layer and cannot be separated from it
Except at where the dural sinuses and infoldings occur.

Answer 14

Internal meningeal layer

Question 15

Separation of the 2 layers at the dural-cranial interface occurs only pathologically, creating an

Answer 15

Epidural space

Question 16

Sustentacular layer that reflects away from the external periosteal to form ______

Answer 16

Internal meningeal–dural infoldings

Question 17

Divide into compartments (septa) forming partial partitions of the brain and supporting other parts

Answer 17

Dural infoldings

Question 18

Dural infoldings include

Answer 18

Falx cerebri
Tentorium cerebelli
Falx cerebelli
Diaphragm sellae

Question 19

Largest infolding in the longitudinal cerebral fissure that separates the right and left cerebral hemispheres

Answer 19

Falx cerebri

Question 20

Median: internal surface of the calvaria
Anteriorly: crista galli of the ethmoid bone
Posteriorly: internal ocipital protuberance

Answer 20

Falx cerebri

Question 21

2nd largest wide crescentic septum that separates the occipital lobes of the cerebral hemispheres from ththe cerebellum

Answer 21

Tentorium cerebelli

Question 22

Tentorium cerebelli attachments:

Answer 22

Rostrally: to the clinoid process of the sphenoid
Rostrolaterally: petrous part of the temporal bone
Posterolaterally: internal surface of the occipital bone and part of the parietal bone

Question 23

Tentorium cerebelli divides the cranial cavity into:

Answer 23

Supratentorial and infratentorial

Question 24

A gap Thru which the brainstwm extends from the posterior into the middle cranial fossa

Answer 24

Tentorisl notch

Question 25

Brainstem

Answer 25

Midbrain Pons Medulla oblongata

Question 26

Vertical. Inferior to the tentorium cerebelli in the posterior part of the posterior cranial fossa Attach to the internal occipital crest and partially separates the cerebellar hemispheres

Answer 26

Falx cerebelli

Question 27

Smallest dural infolding circular but covers the Pituitary gland and has an aperture for passage of the infundibulum and hypophysial veins

Answer 27

Diaphragm sellae

Question 28

Diaphragm sellae is suspended between the

Answer 28

Clinoid processes forming a partial roof over the hypophysial fossa in the sphenoid

Question 29

Endothelium lined spaces between the periosteal and meningeal layers of the dura. Where large veins from the surface of the brain empty into and most of the blood from the brainultimately drains into them

Answer 29

Dural venous sinuses

Question 30

Form where the dural septa attach along the free edge of the fals cerebri

Answer 30

Dural venous sinuses

Question 31

Lies in the convex attached border of the falx cerebri | Begins at the crista galli and ends near rhe internal occipital protuberance

Answer 31

Superior sagittal sinus

Question 32

A meeting place of the superior sagittal, straight, occipital, and transverse sinuses.

Answer 32

Confluence of sinuses

Question 33

Communicate with the superior sagittal sinus | Lateral expansions of it

Answer 33

Lateral venous lacunae

Question 34

Tufted prolongationsthat protrude thru the meningesl layer of the dura mater into the dural venous sinuses Structurally adapted for the transport of CSF

Answer 34

Arachnoid granulations Pacchionian bodies if enlarged

Question 35

Pits formed by pacchionian podies that erode bone in the calvaria

Answer 35

Granular foveolae

Question 36

Runs on the inferior concave free border of the falx cerebri and ends in the straight sinus

Answer 36

Infeior sagittal sinus

Question 37

Formed by the union of the inferior with the great cerebral vein and runs inferoposteriorly along the line of attachment of the falx cerebri to the tentorium cerebelli

Answer 37

Straight sinus

Question 38

Groove in the occipital bones and the postero-inferior angles of the parietal bones.

Answer 38

Transverse sinus

Question 39

This sinus course along the posterolateral attached margins of the tentorium cerebelli and become the_____

Answer 39

Transverse sinus--sigmois sinuses

Question 40

Deep grooves in the temporal snd occipital bones. Turns anteriorly and continues inferiorly as the IJV after transversing the jugular foramen

Answer 40

Sigmois sinus

Question 41

Lies in the attached border of the falx cerebelli and ends superiorly in the confluence

Answer 41

Occipital sinus

Question 42

Occipital sinus communicates inferiorly with the

Answer 42

Internal vertebral venous plexus

Question 43

A large venous plexus located on each side of the sella turnia on the upper surface of the body of the sphenoid. Extends from the superior orbital fissure to the apex of the petrous part of the temporal bone

Answer 43

Cavernous sinus

Question 44

Cavernous sinus received blood from the (3)

Answer 44

Ophthalmic veins (S/In) S middle cerebral vein Sphenoparietal sinus

Question 45

Stalk of the pituitary gland venous channels

Answer 45

Intercavernouse sinuses

Question 46

The cavernous sinuses drain postero-inferiorly thru the S and In petrosal sinuses and emissary veins to the

Answer 46

Basilar and | Pterygoid plexuses

Question 47

Its small branched inside the cavernous sinuses are surrounded by the carotid plexus of sympathetic nerve/s and the abducent nerve.

Answer 47

Internal carotid artery

Question 48

Said to promote prupulsion of venous blood from the sinus

Answer 48

Pulsations of the artery, as does gravity

Question 49

From the posterior ends of the veins making up the cavernous sinus to the transverse sinuses at the site where these sinuses surve inferiorly to form the sigmoid sinuses.

Answer 49

Superior petrosal sinuses

Question 50

Each superior petrosal sinus lies in the anterolateral attwched margin of the

Answer 50

Tentorium cerebelli

Question 51

Commence at the posterior end of the cavernous sinus. | Runs in a groove between the petrous part of the temporal bone and the basilar part of the occipital bone

Answer 51

Inferior petrosal sinuses

Question 52

Drain the cavernous sinus directly into the transition of the sigmoid sinus to the IJV at the jugular foramen

Answer 52

Inferior petrosal sinus

Question 53

Connects the inferior petrosal sinuses and communicates inferiorly with the internal vertebral venous plexus

Answer 53

Basilar plexus

Question 54

Connects the dural venous sinuses with veins outside the cranium.

Answer 54

Emissary veins

Question 55

Presend in children and some adults Passes thru the foramen cecum of the cranium, connecting the superior sagittal sinus with the veins of the fronts, sinus and nasal cavities

Answer 55

Frontal emissary vein

Question 56

Paired bilaterally passes thru the parietal foramen in the calvaria, connecting the S sagittal sinus with the veins external to it, particularly those in the scalp.

Answer 56

Parietal emissary vein

Question 57

Connects each sigmois sinus with the occipital or poesterior auricular vein

Answer 57

Mastoid emissary vein thru the mastoid foramen

Question 58

Passing thru the condylar canal, connecting the sigmoid sinus with the

Answer 58

Posterior condylar emissary vein--suboccipital venous plexus

Question 59

A branch of the maxillary artery, largest of the dura arteries

Answer 59

Middle meningeal artery

Question 60

MMA enters the fooor of the middle cranial fossa thru the

Answer 60

Foramen spinosum

Question 61

Runs laterally in the spinosum fossa and turns supero snteriorly on the greater wing of rhe sphenoid

Answer 61

MMA

Question 62

Runs superiorly to the pterion and then curves posteriorly to ascen toward the vertex of the cranium

Answer 62

Frontal branch of the MMA

Question 63

Runs posterosuperiorly and ramifies over the posterior aspect of the cranium.

Answer 63

Parietal branch of the MMA

Question 64

Middle meningeal veins drains into the

Answer 64

Pterygoid venous plexus

Question 65

The derivation of the arachnoid-pia feom a single embryonis layer is indicated in the adult by the numerous

Answer 65

Web-like arachnoid trabeculae hence the name

Question 66

Flattened irregularly shaped fibroblast that bridge the subarachnoid space

Answer 66

Arachnoid trabeculae

Question 67

Avascular, thin, unattached to the dura, held against the inner surface of the dura by the pressure of the CSF in the subsrachnoid space

Answer 67

Cranial arachnoid mater

Question 68

Thinner highly vascularized, fives the surface of the brain a shiny appearance as it adheres to it and follow its contours.

Answer 68

Cranial pia mater

Question 69

When the cerebral A penetrate the cerebral cortex, the pia then follow for a short distance, forming

Answer 69

Pial coat and peri-arterial space

Question 70

Between the cranium and the external periosteal layer of the dura. Not a natural space because attached to the bones.

Answer 70

Dura-cranial interface

Question 71

A natural space occupied by epidural fat and a venous plexus internal to the periosteum covering the vertebrae

Answer 71

Spinal epidural space

Question 72

Subarachnoid space contains

Answer 72

CSF Trabecular cells Arteries Veins

Question 73

The brain is suspended in the CSF fills subarachnoid space by the arachnoid trabeculae T/F

Answer 73

True

Question 74

Produces a rupture of the frontal branch of the MMA or V ceossing the pterion causing hematoma and death

Answer 74

Fracture of pterion

Question 75

Inflammation of the facial vein with secondary thrombus formation.

Answer 75

Thrombophlebitis of the facial veins. Pcs of clots may extend into intracranial venous system-thrombophlebitis of the cavernous sinus

Question 76

Composed of flattened fibroblasts separated by large EC spaces

Answer 76

Dural border cell layer

Question 77

The temporal bone may be lacerated by the tough tentorium cerebelli and the oculomotor nerve may be stretched, compressed, or both.

Answer 77

Tentorial herniation