Cranial Introduction Flashcards
Who founded cranial osteopathy? When?
- William Sutherland in 1939
What are the five anatomical-physiological elements of the primary respiratory mechanism (PRM)?
- The inherent motility of the brain and spinal cord
- Fluctuation of CSF
- Mobility of the intracranial and intraspinal membranes
- Articular mobility of the cranial bones
- Mobility of the sacrum between the ilia that is interdependent with the motion of the SBS
What are some indications for craniosacral treatments?
- Feeding difficulties
- Plagiocephaly
- Torticollis
- Vertigo
- HA, orofacial pain, otitis media, sinusitis, TMJ, tinnitus
What are some side effects of craniosacral treatments?
- HA, tinnitus, or dizziness
- Alteration to HR, BP, respiration, and GI irritability
What are the absolute contraindications of craniosacral treatment?
- Acute intracranial bleed or CVA
- Acute skull fracture
What are some relative contraindications of craniosacral treatment?
- Coagulopathy
- Seizure history
- Increased intracranial pressure
- Care must be used in order not to exacerbate any neurologic condition
What is the driving push from CSF expansion?
- Cranial rhythmic impulse (CRI)
What is RRADS?
- Rate
- Rhythm
- Amplitude
- Direction
- Strength
What is the normal rate of the CRI?
- 10-14 bpm
* * May be 8-12**
What is the rhythm of the CRI?
- Palpated as “regular”, like the tide of the ocean
- Irregularities are hard to determine
What is the direction of the CRI?
- Palpated as linear and symmetric
What do the tentorium and the falx create?
- Reciprocal tension membrane (RTM)
What is the RTM?
- Functioning unit
- Holding bones of the vault and base under constant tension
- Acts as a spring, storing energy in flexion and releasing in extension
What significantly impacts the PRM?
- Fascial mobility and continuity
What are some fascial layers that impact the PRM?
- Pannicular fascia
- Axial and appendicular fascia
- Meningeal fascia
- Visceral fascia
What is the axial and appendicular fascia?
- Continuous fascia