Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NEUROANATOMY > Cranial foramina and meninges > Flashcards

Cranial foramina and meninges Flashcards

1
Q

Where are cranial foramina found?

A

At the base of the skull in cranial fossae which forms the floor of the cranial cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the divisions of the cranial fossae, and what bones make up these fossae?

A

1.Ant. cranial fossa - frontal bone, sphenoid (lesser wing and body), and ethmoid bone.

  1. Middle cranial fossa- Temporal bone and sphenoid bone (greater wing and sella turcica)
  2. Posterior crania fossa -Temporal and occipital bones + small contributions frm the sphenoid and parietal bones
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

List the cranial nerves

A

Olfactory I
Optic II
Oculomotor III
Trochlear IV
Trigeminal V
Abducens VI
Facial VII
Vestibulochochlear VIII
Glossopharyngeal IX
Vagus X
Accessory (XI)
Hypoglossal (XII)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Name the foramina found in the ant. cranial fossa, their exact location and contents

A

Olfactory foramina - found in the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone and contains CN-I

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

List the cranial foramina found in the middle cranial fossa

A

Optic canal
Superior orbital fissure
Foramen rotundum
Foramen ovale
Foramen spinosum
Foramen lacerum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Describe the optic canal in terms of its location and contents

A

Located in the sphenoid bone
Contains CN-II and ophthalmic artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Describe the sup. orbital fissure in terms of its location and contents

A

Located between the greater and lesser wings of the sphenoid bone.
Contents: CNIII, CNIV
CN V1 (Ophthalmic division),
CNVI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Describe the foramen rotundum in terms of its location and contents

A

Located on the greater wings of the sphenoid bone
Contents: CN V2 (Maxillary division of trigeminal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Describe the foramen ovale in terms of its location and contents

A

Located on the greater wings of the sphenoid bone
Contents: CN V3 (Mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve) and Accessory meningeal artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Describe the foramen spinosum in terms of its location and contents

A

Located on the greater wings of the sphenoid bone
Contents: Middle meningeal artery and vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Describe the foramen lacerum in terms of its location and contents

A

Located at the junction of temporal, sphenoid, and occipital bones
Contents: Deep petrosal nerve, internal carotid artery, and greater petrosal nerve.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

List the foramina found in the posterior cranial fossa

A

Internal accoustic meatus
Jugular foramen
Hypoglossal canal
Foramen magnum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Describe the internal accoustic meatus in terms of its location and contents

A

Located on the greater wings of the sphenoid bone
Contents: CN VII ( Facial nerve) and CN VIII (Vestibulocochlear nerve)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Describe the jugular foramen in terms of its location and contents

A

Located at the junction of temporal and occipital bones
Contents: CN IX (Glossopharyngeal nerve), CN X (Vagus nerve) and CN XI (Accessory nerve)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Describe the Hypoglossal canal in terms of its location and contents

A

Located on the occipital bones
Contents: CN XII (Hypoglossal nerve)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Describe the foramen magnum in terms of its location and contents

A

Located on the occipital bones
Contents: CN XI (Accessory nerve), meninges, vertebral and spinal arteries, and medulla oblongata

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the function of meninges?

A

Stabilize the shape and position of the central nervous system.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Name the 3 layers of the meninges

A

Dura mater
Arachnoid mater
Pia mater

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Which layer is adherent to the brain?

A

Pia mater

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Which layer is made up of periosteal/endosteal and meningeal layer?

A

Dura mater

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Which layer is the intermediate layer?

A

Arachnoid mater

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is another name of the dura mater?

A

Pachymeninx

23
Q

Describe the outer endosteal/periosteal layer of the dura mater

A

Serves as the periosteum on the cranial inner surface
It adheres tightly to the inner meningeal layer.
There is no clear boundary
Except at the sinuses

24
Q

Describe the two spaces that exist around the dura mater

A

Epidural (Extradural) space lies between the cranium and periosteal layer
Subdural space between inner meningeal layer and arachnoid mater

25
Q

Describe the inner meningeal layer

A

Separates from the periosteal layer and protrudes into the cranial cavity
Separation creates double-layered dural folds

26
Q

What is another name for dural folds?

A

Dural reflections/septa

27
Q

List and describe the 4 types of dural folds

A

Falx cerebri - Sickle-shaped fold between cerebral hemispheres
Falx cerebelli - Partially extends between cerebellar hemispheres
Tentorium cerebelli - Horizontal fold between the cerebrum and cerebellum
Diaphragma sellae - overlies pituitary fossa- Allows infundibulum of the pituitary gland through

28
Q

Explain what dural venous sinuses are and their location

A

They are spaces into which cerebral veins drain. Located where dural layers separate.
Location of each sinus determined by dural fold attachment

29
Q

The ____________________sinus is located on the attached edge of the falx cerebri. It runs from ant. to post. along the____________________ plane.

A

Superior sagittal sinus
Midsagittal plane

30
Q

Where does the sup. sag. sinus drain?
and what does it drain?

A

Posteriorly drains into the confluence of sinuses

Drains veins draining the brain and cerebrospinal fluid

30
Q

Ant. relation of the superior sagittal sinus

A

Foramen caecum

31
Q

Which dural venous sinus is found on the free edge of the falx cerebri?

A

Inf. Sag. sinus

32
Q

Where does it drain and what does it drain?

A

Posteriorly drains into the straight sinus

Drains veins draining the brain and cerebrospinal fluid

33
Q

Where is the straight sinus found?

A

Located at the junction of the falx cerebri and tentorium cerebelli

34
Q

What does the straight drain and where does it drain?

A

Drains the cerebral, great cerebral, superior cerebellar veins and the inferior sagittal sinus
Drains into the confluence of sinuses

35
Q

what is the connecting point of the superior sagittal sinus, straight sinus and occipital sinus called?

A

Confluence of sinuses

36
Q

Where is the confluence of sinuses located and what does it drain into?

A

Located near the internal occipital protuberance.
Drains into the left and right transverse sinuses

37
Q

Describe the course of transverse sinuses briefly.

A

Extend horizontally along the attached edge of tentorium cerebelli
From posterior to anterior

38
Q

What does the right transverse sinus drain? What does the left transverse sinus drain?

A

Right transverse sinus usually drains the superior sagittal sinus

Left transverse sinus usually drains the straight sinus

39
Q

Sinuses also receive blood from the_______________.

A

Superior petrosal sinus

40
Q

The transverse sinuses leave the surfaces of the occipital bone to become the_____________________.

A

sigmoid sinuses

41
Q

Describe the course of sigmoid sinuses

A

Descends within the posterior cranial fossa - Towards the jugular foramen

42
Q

What do the sigmoid sinuses drain and where do they drain?

A

Sinus drains cerebral, cerebellar, diploic, and emissary veins

Sinus drains into the internal jugular vein

43
Q

Location of cavernous sinuses

A

Lies against the lateral aspect of the body of the sphenoid
On either side of the sella turcica

44
Q

The cavernous sinus receives blood from which structures?

A

Receives blood from cerebral ophthalmic and emissary veins

45
Q

Left and right cavernous sinuses are connected by __________________ (Anteriorly and posteriorly)

A

Intercavernous sinuses

46
Q

What structures pass through the cavernous sinuses?

A

Int. carotid a.
Abducens n. (CNVI)

47
Q

What structures lie on the lateral wall of each sinus?

A

Oculomotor, trochlear nerve, ophthalmic nerve, and maxillary nerve

48
Q

Describe the arachnoid mater

A

Avascular membrane that lines the meningeal layer of the dura mater

49
Q

Thin process of the arachnoid mater extends into the______________

A

Subarachnoid space.

50
Q

The arachnoid mater is continuous with which layer?

A

Pia mater

51
Q

The arachnoid mater lies over sulci and gyri and within sulci (T/F)

A

F
Does not lie within sulci

52
Q

Describe the pia mater

A

Thin delicate layer that closely adheres to the brain surface
Enters grooves and fissures of the brain

53
Q
A

NEUROANATOMY (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions