CR Phase III and IV Flashcards
What are the main goals of Phase III in cardiac rehab?
- sustain or improve overall health
- encourage a cardio-protective lifestyle
- monitor modifiable risk factors
- provide ongoing motivation.
How does Phase IV differ from Phase III in terms of patient responsibility?
Phase IV emphasizes self-directed exercise and sustained lifestyle adherence with periodic health check-ins.
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How does self-efficacy influence adherence in cardiac rehab programs?
Higher self-efficacy increases motivation, autonomy, and adherence to rehabilitation programs.
What factors improve exercise adherence in Phase III cardiac rehab?
- supervision
- social support
- individualized exercise plans
- regular progress check-ins
Why is supervision beneficial in cardiac rehab programs?
Supervision increases adherence, improves exercise execution, and provides social support.
What are the benefits of a Mediterranean diet for cardiac patients?
Reduces rates of:
- coronary heart disease
- ischemic stroke
- total cardiovascular disease
How does carb counting help patients with DMII?
Carb counting is essential for managing blood sugar, especially for those on insulin, as it helps maintain glucose control.
What is the recommended safe rate of weight loss in cardiac rehab?
- 1-2 lbs/week with a daily calorie deficit of 500-1000 calories is recommended.
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How does reducing sodium intake affect blood pressure?
Lowering sodium intake can significantly improve blood pressure control, reducing HTN.
What are the benefits of the DASH diet for HTN management?
The DASH diet helps lower blood pressure by reducing sodium and emphasizing fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
What is the most effective approach to smoking cessation?
- Combining behavioral counseling with pharmacologic interventions is the most effective approach.
- It increases the chances of sustaining a quit attempt and reducing relapse rates.
In a smoking cessation scenario, what motivational interviewing techniques might help a patient who smokes for stress management?
Explore reasons for stress, identify coping mechanisms, and support patient-driven goals for quitting.
Cholesterol Levels
- Dangerous = ?
- At Risk = ?
- Heart Healthy = ?
Dangerous:
- Total = 240 +
- LDL = 160 +
- HDL = < 40 (male) / < 50 (female)
At-Risk:
- Total = 200-239
- LDL = 150-159
- HDL = < 40-59 (male) / < 50-59 (female)
Heart-Healthy:
- Total = < 200
- LDL = < 100
- HDL = 60 and higher
Why is individualizing exercise programs important in cardiac rehab?
Individualized programs are tailored to patient needs, increasing adherence and engagement.
What role do regular check-ups play in improving long-term adherence?
They allow for adjustments in the program to prevent boredom and support progress, boosting adherence.
What is the focus of Phase III in cardiac rehab?
Focuses on training and maintaining cardiovascular fitness with lifestyle modifications.
Why is readiness to change important in cardiac rehab?
Interventions must match the patient’s stage of readiness for effective adherence and behavior change.
What are common adherence barriers in cardiac rehab?
Boredom, lack of support, and mismatched goals can reduce long-term adherence.
Transtheoretical Model Stages of change = ?
- Precontemplation
- Contemplation
- Preparation
- Action
- Maintanence
What is the significance of the FITT principle in cardiac rehab?
It stands for Frequency, Intensity, Time, Type, ensuring personalized and effective exercise programming.
What are lifestyle modifications emphasized in Phase III cardiac rehab?
- exercise
- healthy eating
- weight management
- blood sugar control
- smoking cessation.
How does plant-based eating impact cardiovascular health?
It reduces cardiovascular mortality and improves BMI, cholesterol, and HbA1c levels.
5 A’s to quit tobacco
- Ask to quit every visit
- Advise to quit every visit
- Assess willingness to quit every visit
- Assist quitting within 2 weeks with pharmacotherapy or counseling
- Arrange follow-up contact in 1st week after quitting
5 R’s to the unwilling to quit tobacco
- Relevance, why quitting is important
- Risks, negative consequences of ongoing habit
- Rewards, benefits of tobacco cessation.
- Roadblocks, identify impediments to quitting.
- Repetition, repeat everytime the patient comes to the clinic.
