CPXP Flashcards
Picker Institute Eight Characteristics of patient centered care?
Access to care, respect for patient values-preferences-needs, coordination/integration of care, information-communication-education, transition and continuity of care, involving family and friends, emotional support reducing fear/anxiety, physical comfort.
Reasons for not using minors to communicate with LEP
Limited emotional maturity
Vocabulary to communicate complex medical terminology
what is diversity?
dignity, respect and being a human being.
race, ethnicity, gender, age, religion, disabilities, sexual orientation.
Which year was the Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) act put into place?
1973
Most federal state and local programs specifically require, as a condition for receiving funds under such programs, and affirmation statement on the part of the organization that it will not _______
Discriminate
Which year was the American Society for Hospital Risk Management formed?
1980
Patient responsibilities
Inform staff about past and present illnesses and current medications
communicate care preferences
practice a healthy lifestyle
inform staff about changes in condition
accurately describe symptoms
understand illness and treatment plan
staying informed
assure appropriate behavior of both patients and visitors
avoid self administration of medication
adhere to agreed upon treatment plan
provide accurate insurance information and responsible payment of medical bills
keep appointments
comply with hospital policy
show respect for other patients and health workers as they expect for themselves
understand medical science has limitations
ask questions
Complaints are defined as:
Issues that are handled on the spot
Billing Issues
all lost and found issues
What is value based purchasing
payment method that rewards quality of care through payment incentives and transparency
Patient Right: Admission
Admission - although persons who are not within the statutory classes have no right of admission, hospitals and their employees owe a duty to extend reasonable care for those who present himself for assistance and need immediate attention. With respect to such person’s governmental hospitals are subject to the same rules that apply to private hospitals.
The FY 2014 Hospital Value Based Purchasing (Hospital VBP) links a portion of IPPS (Inpatient Prospective Pricing System) hospital payment from CMS to performance on a set of quality measures. The HCAHPS survey is the basis of the Patient Experience of Care Domain and accounts for this percent of the hospital’s Total Performance Score.
25%
Culturally Competent Model of Care
Cultural Awareness
Cultural knowledge
cultural skill - conducting an assessment of cultural data of the patient
Cultural encounters - personal experience with patient of different backgrounds
Cultural desire - process of anting to be culturally competent
What are the main functions of the Office of Patient Relations?
Provide a centralized mechanism for addressing patient concerns, liaison between patients and medical providers
three R words that guide healthcare workers when approaching unknown religious situations
Religion - determine religion and practices/traditions associated with them
Respect - Consciously respect the persons religious tradition
Resources - known who to call, handbook, webpages, etc.
What is BART?
Behavior action response team
Dangers of ALL CAPS on location signs
All CAPS changes the shape of the word. By creating a rectangle, those with learning disabilities can no longer recognize words. Those with learning disabilities may requires the hook of a lower-case “g” to understand the word.
Who is Family?
Family is defined by the patient and can be a spouse, parents, significant other, or simply anyone whom the patient is emotionally attached, like a best friend.
Grievances are defined as:
Issues not handled on the spot
Any letter email fax or other written correspondence
any attachment or letter with a patient survey
Teach Back: do and Don’ts
Don’t: “do you understand?”
Do: “what are you going to tell your wife about the food she buys?”
What was the original name for the CMS
Health Care Financing Administration
When faced with a difficult or violent patient, the most important things remember are:
safety
judge a level of what is happening before jumping in with both feet
stay in control and demonstrate this control with a strong voice and body language
debriefing is important for both the involved staff in the patient and family members
What is a grievance?
more formal complaint that is filed with the hospital and can address bigger issues such as abuse
In which year did the American hospital association develop patients bill of rights
1973
Patient Right: Participate in Care Decisions
patients have the right to choose the medical care they wish to receive. They have the rights and other treatment options and to accept or refuse care. Although the patients have a right to make their own care and treatment decisions, they often face conflicting religious and moral values in their decision-making process
Who assures the patient’s rights and responsibilities
American Hospital Association The Joint Commission DNV Healthcare The Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services CMS State and Federal Regulatory agencies
Describe health literacy
capacity to obtain, process and understand basic health information needed to make appropriate health decisions
What does RUSH stand for?
systematic approach to process improvement (Ready, understand, solve, hold)
Patient Bill of Rights
known as the consumer bill of rights and responsibilities that was adopted by the US advisory commission on consumer protection and quality in the healthcare industry in 1998
What are core concepts of patient centered care
respect & dignity
information sharing
participation
collaboration
Goals of the Patient Bill of Rights
To help patients feel more confident in the US healthcare system
To stress the importance of a strong relationship between patients and their healthcare providers
to stress the key role patients play and staying healthy by laying out rights and responsibilities for all patients and healthcare providers
Health Literacy and PX
Average 6% more hospital admission More frequent ED visits
2 days long for hospitalization
Earlier mortality
Cost $106 billion to $238 billion annually
The act which address that federal funds must provide effective communication services to their limited English proficient, deaf and hard of hearing patient.
Civil Rights Act of 1964, revised in 2000 commonly known as “Title VI”
What percentage of CMS reimbursement is dependent on patient satisfaction scores
1%
Proactive model for disruptive behavior
- develop a common definition for what is disruptive. pair of appropriate limiting responses with the identify behavior
- educate clinical staff on effective limit setting and the importance of upholding those limits. identify results of not staying within the limits
- establish expectations for communication by various disciplines and in various situations
a. shift to shift, unit leaders, unit manager, ancillary services as needed
b. medical social worker, patient advocate, social worker, risk manager
c. nursing supervisor, administrator on call, etc. - Roll all of these components into an education program for staff. Create a quick reference or refresher it available to staff
Describe pay for performance?
provide financial incentives to hospitals, physicians, and other providers to carry out improvement and achieve optimal outcomes for patients
Steps in building cultural competence
Starts with Awareness - this includes addressing simple concept of difference and understanding the importance
Grows with Knowledge - identifying key knowledge staff must focus on
Enhanced by Skill - develop core skills such as effective cross cultural communication and conflict resolution
Polished through interactions - Application of these ideas in a day to day interactions that one is both tested and behaviors are refined
What is HCAHPS?
Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and System
Time frame that AHA establishes membership group: National society for patient representation and consumer affairs
early 1970s
What other surveys are in use or under development?
Clinical and group consumer assessment of healthcare providers (CGCAHPS) and systems and EDCAHPS (ED Department)
What is a “Likert” scale?
Ex: Very poor, poor, fair, good, very good
In which year did the IOM publish the report “To Err is Human” regarding the significance of medical errors?
1999
What is the definition of Culture (Irwin Press)
Culture exists when its members share values and behaviors that they take for granted
Describe three reasons used by CMS/ARHQ to justify the development of the HCAHPS survey
incentive to improve quality of care
create a standardization survey for hospital comparison
creates accountability
Viewing culture through diversity
It is important not to see one type of diversity and presume the other (primary vs secondary diversity)
What is the RATER scale and when was it developed
Reliability, Assurance, Tangibles, Empathy, Responsiveness (early 1980)
Patient Right: Paint Management
patients have the right whereby caregivers work with the patient to develop a pain control plan
The writing of patient rights and responsibilities must ___
be written in common, understandable language
Using family and friends to communicate with LEP
Friends and family members regardless of age, are not appropriate to use as interpreters for medical conversations. They often present as support to the patient and adding the role of interpreting changes this dynamic
Family and friends often inadvertently and sometimes intentionally leave out information that might affect the completeness or effectiveness of the communication
Institute for Patient-and Family Centered Care
- 31% of those caring for persons sixty-five and older describe their own physical health as fair to poor
- caregivers experienced mental or emotional strain and elderly spousal caregivers have a 63% higher risk of dying than non-caregivers
- about 40 to 70% of caregivers show signs of clinical depression as a result of caregiving and take more prescription medications including those for anxiety and depression, than others in their age group
- stress associated with the family caregiving has resulted in increased risk of infectious disease such as cold and flu and chronic diseases such as heart disease diabetes and cancer
Describe service recovery
apology to patient if service wasn’t satisfactory
Which year was the Institute of Patient Family Centered Care (IPFCC) created?
1992
What are some key differences between HCAHPS and Rush Press Ganey surveys?
PG offers a neutral answer, while HCAHPS does not. PG does not effect reimbursement. HCAHPS publicly
reported on Medicare website
Patient Rights for minors
Rights and responsibilities may apply to the patients parents or guardians
What are some of the limitations to the Press Ganey Surveys?
low return rate, minorities underrepresented
Patient Right: Informed Consent
patients have the right to receive all the information necessary to make an informed decision prior to consenting to a proposed procedure or treatment. This information should include the possible risks and benefits of the procedure or treatment the right to receive information from the physician includes information about the illness , the suggested course of treatment, the prospects of recovery in terms that can be understood, the risk of treatment, the benefits of treatment, alternative care options, and proof of consent.
competence
capacity to function effectively as an individual and an organization within the context of the cultural beliefs, behaviors, and needs of the community
What is the relationship to HCAHPS and Value based purchasing?
Hospital that fail to publicly report the required quality measure, may receive an annual payment update that is reduced by 2%
Which year did the Cleveland Clinic hire the first MD as a CEO?
Bridget Duffy 2006
What is a complaint?
expresses displeasure that is addressed when it occurs
What is the goal of Partnership for Patients?
decrease preventable hospital-acquired conditions, decrease preventable complications during care center transition