CPR/Lists Flashcards
WEEK 1
WEEK 1
Fracture CPR. (4)
- Prolonged steroid use
- Age >70
- Significant trauma
- Female
WEEK 2
WEEK 2
Depression
- PHQ-2 Score ≥ __ should be further evaluated with PHQ-9.
- PHQ-9 Score ≥ __ indicates depression.
- ≥ 2
- ≥ 10
Cook Cervical Myelopathy Cluster. (5)
- ) Gait abnormality
- ) + Hoffman
- ) + Babinski
- ) + Inverted supinator sign
- ) Age >45
- > /=3/5 = Rule IN
- =1/5 = Rule OUT
Wells CPR for DVT:
- High Probability = >__ (75%)
- Moderate Probability = __-__ (17%)
- Low Probability = __ (3%)
-What probability would warrant a referral for further screening?
- High Probability = >3
- Moderate Probability = 1-2
- Low Probability = 0
-High/Moderate Probability would warrant a referral.
Wells CPR for PE:
- High Probability = >__
- Moderate Probability = __-__
- Low Probability = __-__
- High Probability = >6
- Moderate Probability = 3-6
- Low Probability = 0-2
WEEK 4
WEEK 4
What are (3) mechanisms to consider in regards to referred visceral pain?
- Embryonic Development
- Multisegmental Innervation
- Direct pressure and shared pathways
Describe Embryologic Development mechanism for referred visceral pain. What are some examples?
-Pain is referred to a site where the organ was located in fetal development.
Examples
- Chest is part of gut in embryo. Thoracic disorders can refer to abdomen.
- Heart starts as cranial structure in embryo. MI or pericarditis can refer to abdomen.
- Kidney and ear come from same embryonic tissue. Kidney dysfunction can refer to ear pain.
Describe Multi-segmental Innervation mechanism for referred visceral pain. What are some examples?
-Organs have multiple levels of innervation. Overlapping or same segmental projections can refer to different areas.
Examples
-Cardiac pain is not felt in the heart but referred to areas of corresponding spinal nerve. Can occur in any structure innervated by T3-T4 (jaw, neck, upper trap, shoulder, arm).
Describe Direct Pressure and Shared Pathways mechanism for referred visceral pain. What are some examples?
-Organ that is inflammed/problematic and is causing organ to be larger than normal. Irritates structures and can refer pain to areas also innervated structure being irritated.
Examples
- Spleen → L shoulder
- Tail of pancreas → L shoulder
- Head of pancreas → R shoulder
- Gallbladder → R shoulder
- Liver → R shoulder
Direct Pressure and Shared Pathways:
- Impingement on central diaphragm can refer to __________.
- Impingement on peripheral diaphragm can refer to ___________ and/or ____________
- central diaphragm = shoulder
- peripheral diaphragm = costal margins (ipsilateral) and/or lumbar region
Direct Pressure and Shared Pathways:
- Spleen → __________
- Tail of pancreas → _________
- Head of pancreas → __________
- Gallbladder → _________
- Liver → ___________
Spleen → L shoulder Tail of pancreas → L shoulder Head of pancreas → R shoulder Gallbladder → R shoulder pain Liver → R shoulder pain
Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI):
Cutoff score of ____ indicates possibility of predominant CS pain
-40 or greater
Rhabdomyolysis biggest S/Sx?
Reddish-brown urine
What are the 5 P’s that are indicative of acute arterial occlusion (ischemia)?
- Pain
- Pallor
- Pulselessness
- Paresthesia
- Paralysis
Night Pain:
-Cannot lie on involved side= _____
Can stay on involved side for 30 mins to an hour before symptoms present= _______
Can lie on involved side for up to 2 hours before symptoms present= ________
- acute
- subacute
- chronic
WEEK 5
WEEK 5
Conditions Affecting the Heart Muscle:
- What are the MOST COMMON conditions to mimic MSK dysfunction? (4)
- Referral patterns include the _____, ____, ________, ______, and/or ____ pain.
- Angina, MI, Pericarditis, Dissecting Aortic Aneurysm
- jaw, neck, shoulder, chest, and/or back
Angina:
-Pain not relieved by ____ or up to __ nitroglycerin tablets in ___-___ minutes requires sending patient to ED and notifying MD.
-rest or up to 3 nitroglycerin tablets in 10-15 minutes
What are the 5 D’s and 3 N’s of VBI?
- Dizziness
- Drop Attacks
- Diplopia
- Dysarthria
- Dysphagia
- Nausea
- Numbness
- Nystagmus
***Can also present with vertigo, nausea, and HA.
WEEK 6
WEEK 6
- Pulmonary screening may need to be performed with patients presenting with referred pain where? (3)
- What are the (4) most common pulmonary conditions that can mimic MSK disorders?
- neck
- shoulder
- back
- Pneumonia
- Pleurisy
- Pneumothorax
- Pancoast’s Tumor
What are the (5) S//Sx of pulmonary disorder? Which 2 are the most common?
- ) Cough***
- ) Dyspnea***
- ) Cyanosis
- ) Clubbing
- ) Altered Breathing Patterns
Lung Cancer (Pancoast’s Tumor):
- What is it?
- Frequently involve ____ cervical and _____ thoracic nerve.
- Presents in distribution of ___-___ dermatomes. (loss of hand function, Horner’s syndrome)
- What is the most common initial symptom?
- Can mimic ___________.
- Tumor of the lung apex.
- 8th cervical and 1st thoracic
- C8-T2 dermatomes
- sharp (posterior) shoulder pain
- TOS
WEEK 7
WEEK 7
Abdominal Pain (Referred GI Pain Patterns):
- Often more _______ and _________.
- Referred pain to the MSK system can occur in the absence of visceral pain, however, _______ pain usually precedes ________ pain.
- What are some areas referred pain can be perceived?
- intense and localized
- visceral pain usually precedes referred pain
- shoulder, mid-back/scapular region, pelvis, flank, low back, or sacrum
Symptoms Affected by Food:
Pain associated w/ gastric ulcers:
- May occur within ___-___ after eating.
- Food _________ to relieve pain.
Pain associated w/ duodenal/pyloric ulcers:
- May occur ___-___ after eating.
- Food _______ to relieve pain.
- When may these patients report pain?
Pain associated w/ gastric ulcers:
- 30-90 minutes
- not likely
Pain associated w/ duodenal ulcers:
- 2-4 hours
- may relieve pain
- Pain during night between 12-3am.
Shoulder Pain:
L Shoulder Pain:
- May be result of free air following laproscopic surgery or blood in abdominal cavity (usually from ruptured _______ or _________ bleeding).
- Screen for precipitating trauma/injury.
- ______ Sign: Pain in shoulder w/ pressure placed on left upper abdomen.
R Shoulder Pain:
-Perforated _________ or __________ may refer here.
L/R Shoulder Pain:
-________ cancer may refer to either shoulder.
L Shoulder Pain:
- ruptured spleen or retroperitoneal bleeding
- Kehr’s Sign
R Shoulder Pain
-duodenal or gastric ulcer
L/R Shoulder Pain:
-pancreatic
Abdominal Pain MSK Clusters.
- ) Does coughing, sneezing, or taking a deep breathe make your pain feel worse? (YES)
- ) Do activities such as bending, sitting, lifting, twisting, or turning over in bed make your pain feel worse? (YES)
- ) Has there been any change in your bowel habit since the start of your symptoms? (NO)
- ) Does eating certain foods make your pain feel worse? (NO)
- ) Has your weight changed since your symptoms started? (NO)
Peptic Ulcer:
- What is it?
- Can cause ________ or _____ pain.
- What are some things that can cause peptic ulcers? (4)
- Loss of tissue lining lower esophagus, stomach, and duodenum.
- shoulder (usually R) or back pain
- Infection w/ H.pylori, chronic NSAID use, erosions, chronic ulcers
Crohn’s Disease:
- Inflammatory disease most commonly attacks terminal end of __________ and ______.
- Occurs more commonly in ___________/__________.
Ulcerative Colitis:
- Inflammation and ulceration of lining of __________.
- Cancer of ______ more common in people with UC.
IBD:
- UC and Crohn’s disease can be accompanied by ________ component.
- Joint problems usually are responsive to treatment of IBD but do on occasion require separate management.
Crohn’s Disease:
- small intestine (ileum) and colon
- young adults/adolescents
Ulcerative Colitis:
- large intestine (colon/rectum)
- colon
IBD:
-arthritic component
Pancreatic Carcinoma:
- ___% of pancreatic cancer arise in the head of the gland.
- ___-___% occur in the body and tail.
- Pain is worse with ________ and __________.
- Pain is relieved by _______ and ___________.
- 70%
- 20-30%
- walking and lying supine
- sitting and leaning forward
WEEK 9
WEEK 9
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WEEK 10
WEEK 10
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