CPR Lab Objective Exam Flashcards
discuss rate of perceived exhaustion
borg’z RPE scale
6-11: inc intensity
12-13: normal intensity
14-20: too hard; dec intensity
what is documented under breathing pattern
character - quality
amplitude - deep or shallow
rhythm - regular or irreg
rate is under VS
(N) rate; (N) depth; regular rhythm
Eupnea
Absence of Breath
Apnea
Slow rate (<12 cpm); (N)/shallow depth; regular rhythm
Bradypnea
Fast rate (>20 cpm); shallow depth; regular rhythm
Tachypnea
Fast rate; increased depth; regular rhythm
Hyperventilation - kussmaul
(N) rate; increased depth; regular rhythm
Hyperpnea
Slow rate; increased depth; irregular rhythm
apneusis
can have absent inspiration - brainstem prob
Slow rate; shallow depth; irregular rhythm
biot’s - meningitis
Variable rate and depth; regular rhythm
cheyne-stokes
Apnea with concomitant mouth opening and closing
fish mouth - assoc c neck ext and bradypnea
N) rate; (N) rhythm Abrupt cessation of inspiration when restriction is encountered
doorstop - pleurisy
discuss semilunar and atrioventricular valves
semilunar - aortic and pulmonic
atrioventricular - tricuspid and mitral
discuss aortic valve
auscultation - 2 (R) ICS at (R) sternal border
loc - 3 (L) ICS
discuss pulmonic valve
auscultation - 2 (L) ICS at (L) sternal border
loc - 3 (L) CC
discuss tricuspid valve
auscultation - 4 (L) ICS at (L) sternal border
loc - 4 (R) ICS
discuss mitralvalve
auscultation - 5 (L) ICS at mid clavicular line
loc - 4 (L) CC
discuss S1
lub - low pitch long sound
closure of atrioventrcular valves - at systole
loudest at apex of heart
discuss S2
dub - high pitch rapid sound
closure of semilunar valves - loudest over base of heart
sys - bet S1 and S2
dia - bet S2 and next S1
S3
vensticular filling after S2 agad
ventricular gallop - CHF
S4
ventricular filling and atrial contraction before S1
atrial gallop - CV disease
what are heart murmurs
stenosis - narrowing
or
regurgitation - backflow
replaces systole nagiging swish sound
discuss tracheal breath sounds
normal high pitch on trachea
discuss bronchial breath sounds
like tracheal but not as loud = consolidated lung tissue
discuss vesicular breath sounds
low pitched normal
inspi loduer and longer
discuss bronchovesicular breath sounds
slightly break bet two phases
Fine crackling sounds on inspiration
rales or crackles
air flowing at high velocities through (continuous, high-pitched) narrowed airways
wheeze
More on exhalation
Coarse, grating, leathery sounds
pleural friction rub
inspi or exhale
Continuous, low-pitched, sonorous breath sounds
rhonchi - snore like
inspiratory wheezes
stridor
discuss bronchophony
usual voice - loud and muffled
99
discuss egophony
vibration of voice
EE
discuss whispered petriloquy
whisper 99 - faint or wala
discuss vocal or tactile fremitus
vibration produced by the voice and transmitted to the chest wall
discuss mediastinal shift
check trachea or palpate 5th ICS
discuss lung percussion
resonant - low and hollow; normal
hyperresonant - loud low and hollow; excess air
hyperresonant - soft brief and high; less air
phases of coughing
deep inhale
close glottis
forced expi
grading of cough
F: normal
WF: cough but diff expel or expel but diff cough
NF: diff both cough and expel
0: wala
normal amount of sputum
100 ml
dec = dehydration
discuss chest expansion
on axilla, xiphoid and subcostal margin
normal diff: 2-5 cm
discuss O2 sat
normal: 98-100
supp oxygen: 90 or 97
discontinue ex: 86 below
THR formula
((MHR - RHR) x % intensity) + RHR
MHR: 220- age
never exceed THR
discuss blue bloaters
chronic bronchitis - (R) sided heart failure
deoxygenated blood pumped
discuss pink puffers
alveoli or gas exhange prob
no diffusion - smokers
