Cardiomyopathy Flashcards
what is cardiomyopathy in general
form of HF
d/t:
- genetic defects
- cardio myocyte injury
- deposition of iron, amyloid
structural and functional phenotypes
dilated CMP
hypertrophic CMP
restrictive CMP
arrhythmogenic R ventricular dysplasia
cardiomyopathy
dilated CMP
most common CMP - either one or more chambers big
can be both ventricles c systolic dysfunction
enlargement can precede sx
d/t ischemia and HTN
50% idiopathic
takotsubo CM
broken heart or apical balloon
stress induced - catecholamine release batters heart
middle aged women
fully reversible
peripartum CM
bet last mo of pregnancy and 6 mo after - women and africa
lymphocytic inflammation - sx similar to HF
excellent recovery if survive intial period
inc risk c subsequent pregnancies
tachycardia induced CM
recurrent or persistent - atrial fibrillation
stress-induced
SVT - supraventricular
high rate of full recovery basta ma control tachy
alcoholic CM
most common secondary CM
resembles idiopathic CM
excessive alcohol consumption - if stop gets better but may point of no return
ischemic CM
depressed ventricular function not exp by extend of obstruction or damage
gutom yung heart p obstruction
valvular CM
abnormal loading from valvular stenosis or regurgitations
APTM - blood cannot go or go back = enlargement of one chamber
hypertensive CM
L ventricular hypertrophy c sx of HF and sys/dias dysfunction
d/t uncontrolled HTN
dilated CM from too much stretch or from inflammation or fibrosis
mimics systolic cardiomyopathy
inflammatory CM
from myocarditis - any virus
causes dilated CM
metabolic CM
inherited or inborn
diabetic CM
thyrotoxic heart disease
mga endocrine and metabolic shits
general systemic disease
sarcoidosis and leukemia - not common
muscular dystrophies assoc c CM
duchenne
becker-type
myotonic
neuromuscular disorders assoc c CM
friedrich ataxia
noonan syndrome
lentiginosis
sensitivity and toxic reactions assoc c CM
alcohol
catecholamines
anthracyclines
irradation
hypertrophic CM
common in athletes - heart muscle so thick but not dilated
most common genetic CV disease - mutation in protein of cardiac sarcomere
SCD - arrythmia, V-tach, V-fib
restrictive and infiltrative CM
not really common
inc stiffness d/t inflammation = impaired filling
diastolic dysfunction progress to systolic = irreversible
death imminent
infiltrative causes of restrictive CM
amyloidosis
sarcoidosis
gaucher
hurler
fatty infiltration
non-infiltrative causes of restrictive CM
autoimmune diseases
arrhythmogenic R ventricular dysplasia
progressive fibrofatty replacement of R and some of L ventricle myocardium - fat cant contract
RV failure c jugular venous distention, hepatomegaly and edema
usually develops during 2nd decade:
- V-tach
- RV failure
lucky if reaches 20-30 yo
LVAD wont help
