CPR & first aid Flashcards
what is the good samaritan law?
protects bystanders and off duty first responders from liability when administering reasonable care to someone in need.
what is the first thing done when you see someone in need?
asses the scene for safety, then call 911, and provide care for the person
what rhythms does an AED shock for?
ventricular fibrillation and Ventricular tachycardia
how to asses breathing?
Look, listen, feel
when should PPV be considered?
cyanosis, decreased RR ( out of NL)
what is a normal breath rate for a pediatirc pt (<8yrs)
18-25 bpm
normal breath rate for an infant?
30-60bpm
normal hr value for peds (3-5yrs)
80-120bpm
normal Hr for a new born (0-1m)
100-205bpm
how to find normotension bp for a pediatric pt ( less than puberty)?
90+2x their age= SBP
hypotension for a pediatric pt
70+2x their age=SBP
CPR 1 rescuer
30:2
CPR 2 rescuers
30:2 for adults, 15:2 for children (ages 1-8 yrs old)
what depth should compressions be for a pediatric pt?
1/3 of the childs chest
what to do when a pt is VSA?
- ensure scene safety
- Primary: C, A, B
- Vsa–> ask someone to call 911 or call them yourself if possible
- Start CPR & start timer
- protect the a/w and have BVM handy
- bystander get AED
- get someone the administers breaths
what is the depth of compressions for an adult?
2 in or 5cm
infant cpr is done with 2 fingers ( T/F)
true
where should AED pads be placed for an adult?
lateral chest wall and to the right of the sternum
if AED pads are touching or are less than 2.5 cm/ 1 in apart you should…..
place one pad posteriorly and the other anteriorly
when should you switch who does compressions during CPR?
every 2 mins
when doing compressions you should not wait for the chest to recoil to its normal position before compressing again ( T/F)
False, you must wait
if a pt is VSA for 4-6 mins w/o CPR brain damage is
possible
is a pt is vsa for >6mins w no CPR brain damage is
likely
when you receive your AED you should….
1.put pads on and turn on AED
2. hands off the chest to allow it to analyze
3. if in shockable rhythm let is shock, HANDS OFF
4. after shock has been administered begin CPR
what is implied consent?
for when a pt has altered loa, cnfused or there is a language barrie allows the responder to provide aid assuming that is the pt wishes.
what should you do if a person refuses care?
inform them and give advice but do not tough them and call 911
how can you prevent the spread of disease?
wear gloves/masks, hand sanitizers, etc.
after providing care for a pt their respond well to the tx how can you continue care for them?
have the person rest, blanket/jacket for thermo regulation, monitor their ABC’s, comfort them
what does the recovery position look like?
pt on their side ( if pregnant on left side), bottom hand over their head, top arm across their body to brace, bottom leg straight, and top leg bent.
what does partial chocking look like and how do you help?
coughing, panic, widen eyes, hands clenching,
should not tough pt and encourage them to keep coughing, call 911
what does complete choking look like and what should you do?
no coughing, cyanosis, no sounds,
call 911, commence interventions ( backblows, chest +abdo thrusts) alt between the two, call 911, if pt goes VSA do CPR
what causes Angina?
lack of O2 to the heart, narrow arteries, hearts O2 demands have increased
how to tx angina?
if adult have them chew two asprin ( tx like hreat attack), have them sit & rest, call 911
signs for a stroke
F-facial droop
A-arm numbness & drop
s-speech slurring
t- time= brain ( call 911 immediately)
- try and get hx of when signs first started
what to do is a pt is hemorraging?
direct digital pressure, pressure dressing, if bleeding persists use a tourniquet 1 hands length above the site, tighten, feel for distal pulse afterwards, doc the time of tourniquet placement, call 911
where should compressions take place on the chest?
in the middle of the chest
AED pads for kids are made of children less than 8 yrs old or less than 25 kg (T/F)?
true
if you witness or suspect violence or abuse you DO NOT have to report it to the police. (T/F)
false, you have the duty to report any violence of abuse
what are opioids?
CNS depressant ( downers), will cause respiratory depression.
how to manage an opioid toxicity?
call 911, ABC check, recovery position, administer naloxone if available, start CPR if unresponsive,
how to administer naloxone intranasal?
remove lid, put thumb on plunger, tilt head back, administer all the contents in one nostril, 5 min acting time
what to do if a person is having anaphylaxis?
call 911, try to calm them down, administer meds if the pt has it-EPI PEN)
Some signs of anaphylaxis
GI- diarrhea, resp- hypervent + shallow, skin- hives, LOC- decreased awareness/panicked
how to tx open wound?
cover w dressing and bandage
how to tx amputations?
apply pressure to the wound, wrap in gauze and clean cloth, bag the severed limb, cool it in ice, tag and label limb
how to tx burns
call 911, irrigate, removes clothes/jewelry, refere to MSDS
what should you do for electrical burns?
check for entry and exit wounds, make sure the power source is turned off
what to do if their is a head or neck trauma?
call 911, hold c-spine, tell pt not to move, only move head if a/e ob, unsafe scene, or the medics are 45 mins out
what should you do if somebody faints?
call 911, place in recovery position, support head,
what to do if child birth is imminent?
place a hand on the baby head if crowning
list 5 reasons as to why ppl don’t help someone in need?
fear they will do more harm, fear they will catch an illness, assumption that someone els will step in, fear of being sued, being unaware of the pt condition
what does RICE stand for?
rest, immobilize, cold, elevate
what are the cardiac chain of steps?
- early recognition and call for 911
- early CPR
- earlyAED
- early ALS intervention
