CPQs + TBL questions Alistair Ludley notes Flashcards
Rank these from lowest to highest:
Blood calcium levels: Parathyroid carcinoma Primary HPT Secondary HPT Osteoporosis Osteomalacia
(Low) Osteomalacia –> 2nd HPT –> Osteoporosis –> Primary HPT –> Parathyroid carcinoma (High)
Rank these from most to least likely
Patient with fever, DM, ascites and pleural effusion Nephrotic syndrome Heart failure Liver failure Lung cancer Septicaemia
(LIKELY) Heart failure –> Liver failure –> nephrotic syndrome –> lung cancer –> Septicaemia (NOT LIKELY)
24yo drug dealer, what is the cause of death?
Alcohol Crystal meth Heroin Brain haemorrhage Acute liver failure
(LIKELY) Heroin –> alcohol –> crystal meth –> acute liver failure –> brain haemorrhage (NOT LIKELY)
Size of the red cell from small to big
Folate deficiency Rheumatoid arthritis B12 deficiency Iron deficiency Alcohol excess and liver disease
SMALL: IDA –> RhA (ACD) –> Alcohol excess and liver disease –> folate deficiency –> B12 deficiency LARGE
ABx treatment for pseudomembranous colitis
Vancomycin PO Cefalexin PO Gentamicin IV Gentamicin PO Metronidazole PO
USE Metronidazole PO –> Vancomycin PO –> Gentamicin PO –> Gentamicin IV –> Cefalexin PO (AVOID)
NOTE: cephalexin may cause pseudomembranous colitis
Low to highest plasma concentration
Phosphate Calcium Sodium Potassium Chloride
LOWEST Phosphate –> Calcium –> Potassium –> Chloride –> Sodium HIGHEST
Osmolarity levels high to low
HONK/HHS SIADH Pneumonia DKA DI
HIGH HONK/HHS –> DKA –> DI –> Pneumonia –> SIADH LOW
The severity of which condition is measured using the Breslow score?
Melanoma
Where is the enzyme 25 hydroxylase found?
Liver
Which of the following can cause hypercalcaemia? Sarcoidosis Secondary hyperPTH Osteomalacia Paget's disease of the bone
Sarcoidosis
By what mechanism does sarcoidosis cause hypercalcaemia?
Expression of 1a hydroxylase
Which of the following suggests a MAHA?
Positive Coombes test
Raised platelet count
Raised TIBC
Raised bilirubin
Raised bilirubin (you get a thrombocytopaenia in MAHA)
Which of the following is useful in patients with pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infection?
Gentamicin
Metronidazole
Clarithromycin
Ceftriaxone
Gentamicin
In a gastric biopsy from a patient with H.pylori the biopsy is most likely to show:
Lymphoma
Adenocarcinoma
Gastric ulcer
Chronic gastritis
Chronic gastritis
What is a neuro complication of a Berry aneurysm?
Subarachnoid haemorrhage
