CPI, PDC, DESIGN Flashcards
Oxidation of SO2 to SO3 is favored by
low temperature and high pressure.
Gun powder, an explosive, comprises of charcoal, sulfur and _________
saltpeter
The starting raw material for the manufacture of alum is _______
bauxite
Paper pulp produced by kraft/sulfate process is ________
strong & fibrous
Claude process of gas liquefaction employs
adiabatic expansion against a piston or in a turbine.
Viscose rayon is chemically _______
regenerated cellulose acetate
Styrene is produced from ethyl benzene by the process of _______
dehydrogenation
Gelatin which is a nitrogenous organic protein is obtained by the hydrolysis of ______
collagen
Sucrose content in the raw juice extracted from sugar cane is about ____%
15 - 20
Fusel oil is a/an
mixture of higher molecular weight alcohols (a by-product obtained during production of alcohol from molasses).
Styrene-butadiene-rubber (SBR) as compared to natural rubber has _____
poorer tensile strength
poorer resistance to oxidation.
greater amount of heat build-up under heavy loading.
Coefficient of thermal expansion of glass is decreased by the addition of ______ during its manufacture.
ZnO
The catalyst used in the manufacture of DDT (from chloral and chlorobenzene) is
oleum
Epoxy resin
is a good adhesive
Which of the following is the most adverse factor challenging the choice of mercury electrolytic cell process for the production of caustic soda?
Pollution of water stream by mercury.
Esterification reaction produces
soap
Wood charcoal is used for decoloration of sugar because it _________ the colored materials.
adsorbs
Producer gas consists mainly of
CO, CO2, N2, H2
Neoprene is the trade name of
polychloroprene
Sulfur addition in soap is done to
cure pimples & dandruff
Phosphate rock is a raw material for the manufacture of
phosphoric acid
phosphorous
superphosphates
Mineral oils (e.g. petroleum oils) are preferred over fatty oils (e.g. mustard oil, ghee, tallow, palm oil, olive oil etc.) as a lubricant due to its
greater tendency of decomposition at elevated temperature.
Which of the following is NOT a raw material used for the manufacture of ordinary glass?
Iron oxide
Zeolite removes both temporary as well as permanent hardness of water by precipitating calcium and magnesium present in water as insoluble zeolites. Used zeolite is regenerated by flushing with the solution of
sodium chloride
Pasteurization of milk means
killing of organisms present in it by heating it at controlled temperature without changing its natural characteristics.
Fusion of bauxite and _______ produces high alumina cement.
limestone
_________ process is used for the manufacture of sodium carbonate by ammonia soda process.
Solvay
Polycaprolactum is commercially known as
nylon-6
Frasch process is for
mining sulfur
Pitch (a product of coal tar distillation) is always mixed with creosote oil, when it is to be burnt in a burner, because
it reduces viscosity and imparts fluidity for its transportation through pipelines at economic pressure drop.
W hich is the main reducing agent during production of iron from iron ore in a blast furnace?
CO
The drug used in contraceptives is
mestranol
Raw materials used for producing ___ cement does not contain iron oxide.
white
In the Lurgi coal gasifier
large quantity of coal can be processed.
Neon gas is
used in color discharge tube.
Which of the following is an undesirable dynamic characteristic of an instrument?
Time lag
Pick out the one which is a first order instrument.
A.Mercury in glass thermometer (without any covering or air gap)
B. Bare metallic thermometer
C. Bare vapor pressure thermometer * D. All of the above
Load cells are used for the measurement of
weight
Which of the following is the dynamic characteristics of an instrument?
Fidelity
The _______ of a vapor pressure thermometer is a functioning element.
pointer
A negative gain margin expressed in decibels means a/an ______ system.
unstable
Thermistor has a high temperature coefficient of resistivity which is used as the sensing element in resistance thermometer. It is a/an
solid semiconductor
Flapper nozzle is used in a/an _______ controller.
pneumatic
Working principle of radiation pyrometer is based on the
Stefan-Boltzman law
Which of the following relates the emf. generated in a single homogeneous wire to the temperature difference?
Thomson effect
Dilute wine was initially used as a thermometric liquid to develop temperature scale. The first empirical temperature scale developed was the
scale.
Fahrenheit
Which of the following is a desirable characteristic of an instrument?
High fidelity
The operation of a rotameter is based on
variable flow area
The temperature of tempering oil baths maintained at 400°C during heat treatment of steel is measured by a/an ________ thermocouple.
iron-constantan
Instrumentation in a plant offers the advantage of
A. greater safety of operation
B. better quality of product
C. greater operation economy
* D. all of these
W hich of the following temperature measuring instruments need not touch the object whose temperature is being measured?
Radiation/infrared pyrometer
Thermal conductivity measurement comprises the working principle of a
CO2 analyzer
Response of a system to a sinusoidal input is called ______ response.
frequency
The closed loop pole of a stable second order system could be
both real and negative
Smoke density of the flue gas going out of the chimney is measured by a
photo electric cell
Temperature measuring instruments are standardized mostly with __________ points of pure substances.
both melting and boiling
Pick out the first order system from among the following.
A. Damped vibrator.
* B.Mercury in glass thermometer kept in boiling water.
C. Interacting system of two tanks in series.
D. Non-interacting system of two tanks in series.
The maximum service temperature for fibre glass used as thermocouple wire insulation material is ____ °C.
500
Which of the following controllers has the least maximum deviation?
P-D controller
Volumetric expansion is the working principle of the _______ thermometers.
mercury in glass
Which of the following measurements can be made by the measurement of emf?
A. pH value
B. Degree of hydrolysis
C. Composition of complex ions
*D. All of the above
A magnetic flowmeter is
A. based on the principle of Faraday’s law.
B.capable of measuring the flow rate of slurries and electrolytes.
C.based on the linear relationship between the fluid flow rate and the induced voltage.
*D. All of the above.
Zirconia probe is used for the continuous measurement of ____ flue gases going out of the furnace.
oxygen in
Strain gage pressure transducers are used to measure ______ pressures.
gage as well as vacuum
absolute as well as differential
Compositional analysis of _______ is done using mass spectrometer.
an isotope
The function of a transducer is to
convert the primary signal into a more useful quantity, usually an electric impulse.
Which of the following thermocouples will give the highest output for the same value of hot and cold junction temperature?
Chromel-constantan
_______ is undesirable in thermocouples used in industries.
Non-linear relation of emf to temperature
Select the correct statement from the following.
A. The frequency response of a pure capacity process is unbounded.
B. The phase lag of a pure time delay system decreases with increasing frequency.
C. The amplitude ratio of a pure capacity process is inversely proportional to frequency.
D.The amplitude ratio of a pure time delay system increases with frequency.
C. The amplitude ratio of a pure capacity process is inversely proportional to frequency.
Continuous shell temperature measurement in a liquid-liquid heat exchanger is done by a
thermocouple
The _______ of a vapor pressure thermometer is a secondary element.
Bourdon tube
Emf developed by a thermocouple while measuring a temperature of 600°C is about 5.5 mV. The type of thermocouple used is
platinum-platinum+rhodium
Which of the following relates the absorption & evolution of heat at the junctions of a thermocouple to the current flow in the circuit?
Peltier effect
In a shell and tube heat exchanger, the flow rate of heating/cooling fluid is the _______ variable.
manipulated
Typical specifications for design stipulates the gain margin and phase margin to be respectively
> 1.7 and >30°
The ratio of shear stress to shear strain is called
shear modulus
Which of the following material is seldom used for pressure vessel construction?
Rimmed still
Fresh water carrying pipelines in chemical industries are colored with _______ color.
sea green
25% cut segmental baffle means that the baffle
height is 75% of the I.D. of the shell.
Liquid/petroleum fuel storage tanks are built underground (as in case of petrol pumps), when the storage capacity is less than _____ kilolitres.
45
Le/D for fully open globe value may be around
300
Lug support is
the most suitable for thick vertical vessel.
same as bracket support.
provided usually for vessels of much smaller height than skirt supported vessels.
With increase in the number of shell passes, the value of FT
Increases
Holes of a sieve tray are arranged in triangular pitch of ____ times the hole diameter.
2.5 to 5
In case of a shell and tube heat exchanger, the minimum shell thickness for carbon steel (inclusive of corrosion allowance) depends on shell diameter and is in the range of _____
mm
5-11
The stress developed in a material without any permanent set is called the
elastic limit
In a shell and tube heat exchanger, the ‘tube pitch’ is defined as the
shortest centre to centre distance between adjacent tubes.
Which of the following is not a valid assumption in continuous binary distillation for calculating the number of equilibrium stages by Mc-Cabe-Thiele’s method ?
Reflux is not a saturated liquid.
The value of fouling factor depends upon the
- characteristic of process fluid.
- velocity of process fluid containing suspended solids.
- suspended solids in the fluid.
In case of bubble cap distillation column of diameter greater than 1.2 m, the cap diameter is roughly about ___ cm.
10
Tube side pressure drop in a 1-2 heat exchanger (for turbulent flow of fluids through the tubes) is about _____ times, that in a 1-1 heat exchanger having the same size & number of tubes and operated at the same liquid flow rate.
8
To keep the power input constant for a stirred vessel operating under fully developed turbulent flow conditions (constant power number), if the impeller diameter is increased by 20%, the impeller speed should be decreased by a factor of
(1.2)^5/3
In a heat exchanger, shell side fluid velocity can be changed by changing the tube
Layout and pitch
Where does the maximum tensile strength occur in a thick cylindrical vessel subjected to internal pressure?
At the inner surface.
It is not desirable to design a heat exchanger for LMTD correction factor, FT, of less than
0.80
A rivetted joint does not fail by _____ of rivets.
0.55
Triangular pitch tube layout as compared to square pitch in a shell and tube heat exchanger
permits the use of more tubes in a given shell diameter.
Bracket supports are the most suitable for supporting _______ vessels
thick walled vertical
In a multi-pass shell and tube heat exchanger, the shell side cross flow area does not depend upon
A. baffle spacing
B. clearance
C. pitch
D. none of these
None of these
Two iron pipes of the same nominal diameter but different schedule numbers will have the same
Inside diameter
Lessing ring is formed by the addition of a partition across the centre of a raschig ring, which results in an area increase of about ___ percent.
20
In chemical process equipment, the conical bottom heads used, usually has an apex angle of
60°
Smaller sized packings are generally dumped to the packed columns, and the large ones of size greater than ____
mm are stacked individually, which provides better control over bed porosity and offers lower gas pressure drop.
75
Correct use of ‘factor of safety’ is very important in equipment design. It is defined as the ratio of the
ultimate stress to working stress.
The operating velocity in the absorption tower is usually 40-50% of the flooding velocity. Packed absorption towers are normally designed for a pressure drop of about ____ mm of water column per meter height of packing.
20-40
In perforated plate towers, the
A. hole sizes may be around 1/8” or 3/16”.
B.total hole area may be around 6 to 15% of tower cross-
sectional area.
C. pressure drop is less compared is similar bubble cap towers.
D. all (a), (b) and (c).
all of the above
The ends of a cylindrical vessel can be closed by a head, which can be one of the four shapes. For the same thickness, choose the one which can withstand the highest pressure.
Ellipsoidal
Wall thickness of schedule 40 pipe as compared to that of schedule 80 pipe is
Less
Pick out the wrong statement pertaining to the design of a basket type evaporator.
It is used for high viscosity liquor having large rate of scaling.
Speed of the drum of the rotary vacuum filter normally ranges from _____ rpm.
0.1 to 2
A stuffing box is used for
prevention of fluid leakage around moving parts.
