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Day 1: Physical and Chemical Principles > CPI > Flashcards

CPI Flashcards

1
Q

Working principle of radiation pyrometer is based on the

A

Stefan-Boltzman

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2
Q

Which of the following relates the emf. generated in a single homogeneous wire to the temperature difference ?

Peltier effect

Thomson effect

Seebeck effect

none of these

A

Thomson effect

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3
Q

Dilute wine was used as a thermometric liquid initially to develop temperature scale. First emperical temperature scale developed was the __________ scale.

A

Fahrenheit

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4
Q

In a single tank system, the transfer function of level to inlet flow rate is

R/TS

R/(TS+ 1)

l(TS+ l)

1/TS

A

R/(TS+ 1)

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5
Q

Typical specifications for design stipulates the gain margin and phase margin to be respectively

A

> 1.7 and > 30°

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6
Q

Which of the following is a desirable characteristic of an instrument ?

A

High fidelity

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7
Q

The operation of a rotameter is based on

A

Variable flow area

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8
Q

The temperature of tempering oil baths maintained at 400°C during heat treatment of steel is measured by a/an __________ thermocouple.

A

Iron-constantan

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9
Q

Which of the following temperature measuring instruments need not touch the object whose temperature is being measured ?

Radiation/infrared pyrometer

Filled system thermometer

Mercury in glass thermometer

Thermo electric pyrometer

A

Radiation/infrared pyrometer

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10
Q

Thermal conductivity measurement com-prises the working principle of a

A

CO2analyser

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11
Q

Response of a system to a sinusoidal input is called __________ response.

A

Frequency

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12
Q

The closed loop pole of a stable second order system could be

A. both real and positive.

B. complex conjugate with positive real parts.

C. both real and negative.

D. one real positive and the other real negative.

A

C

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13
Q

Smoke density of the flue gas going out of the chimney is measured by a

A

Photo-electric cell

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14
Q

Transfer function of transportation lag is

A. eTS

B. e-TS

C. 1/ (TS+1)

D. none of these

A

B

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15
Q

Temperature measuring instruments are standardised mostly with __________ points of pure substances

A

Boiling and melting point

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16
Q

Pick out the first order system from among the following.

A. Damped vibrator.

B. Mercury in glass thermometer kept in boiling water.

C. Interacting system of two tanks in series.

D. Non-interacting system of two tanks in series

A

B

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17
Q

The maximum service temperature for fibre glass used as thermocouple wire insulation material is __________ °C.

A

500

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18
Q

Which of the following controllers has the least maximum deviation ?

A. P-controller

B. P-Icontroller

C. P-I-Dcontroller

D. P-Dcontroller

A

D

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19
Q

Volumetric expansion is the working principle of the __________ thermometers.

A. mercury in glass

B. constant volume gas

C. vapor pressure

D.bimetallic

A

A

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20
Q

Which of the following measurements can be made by the measurement of emf ?

pH value

Degree of hydrolysis

Composition of complex ions

All (a), (b) & (c)

A

D

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21
Q

A magnetic flowmeter is

based on the principle of Faraday’s law.

capable of measuring the flow rate of slurries and electrolytes.

based on the linear relationship between the fluid flow rate and the induced voltage.

all (a), (b) and (c).

A

D

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22
Q

Zirconia probe is used for the continuous measurment of __________ flue gases going out of the furnace.

oxygen in

carbon dioxide in

carbon monoxide in

temperature of

A

A

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23
Q

Strain gage pressure transducers are used to measure __________ pressures.

gage as well as vacuum

absolute as well as differential

both (a) and (b)

neither (a) nor (b)

A

C

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24
Q

The transfer function for a PID controller is (where, τiis the integral (reset) time and τDis the derivative time.)

Kc(1 + τis+ τD).s

Kc (1+1/TS+Td.S)

Kc (1+Td.S+1/Td.S)

Kc (1+1/TS+1/TdS)





A

B

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25
Compositional analysis of __________ is done using mass spectrometer.
An isotope
26
The function of a transducer is to modify the input signal. amplify the input signal. convert the primary signal into a more useful quantity, usually an electric impulse. codify/decodify the input signal.
C
27
Nichol's chart deals with A.R.vs. phase lag of first order. A.R. vs. phase lag of second order. closed loop values vs. open loop values. frequency response values of controllers.
C
28
Which of the following thermocouples will give the highest output for the same value of hot and cold junction temperature ? Platinum-platinum + rhodium. Iron-constantan. Chromel-constantan. All will give the same output.
C
29
A proportional controller with a gain of Kc is used to control a first order process. The offset will increase, if Kc is reduced. Kc is increased. integral control action is introduced. derivative control action is introduced.
A
30
__________ is undesirable in thermocouples used in industries, Linear relation of emf to temperature Corrosion resistance Oxidation resistance Non-linear relation of emf to temperature
D
31
Select the correct statement from the following. The frequency response of a pure capacity process is unbounded. The phase lag of a pure time delay system decreases with increasing frequency. The amplitude ratio of a pure capacity process is inversely proportional to frequency. The amplitude ratio of a pure time delay system increases with frequency.
C
32
For an input forcing function, X(t) = 2t2, the Laplace transform of this function is 2/s2 4/s2 2/s3 4/s3
D
33
Continuous shell temperature measurement in a liquid-liquid heat exchanger is done by a
Thermocouple
34
The __________ of a vapor pressure thermometer is a secondary element. pointer Bourdon tube bulb none ofthese
B
35
Emf developed by a thermocouple, while measuring a temperature of 600°C is about 5.5 mV. The type of thermocouple used is chromel-alumel iron-constantan platinum-platinum+rhodium either (a), (b) or (c)
C
36
Which of the following relates the absorption & evolution of heat at the junctions of a thermocouple to the current flow in the circuit? Seebeck effect Peltier effect Joule heating effect Thomson effect
Peltier effect
37
The second order system with the transfer function 4/(s^2+2s+4)  has a damping ratio of 2.0 0.5 1.0 4.0
0.5
38
In a shell and tube heat exchanger, the flow rate of heating/cooling fluid is the __________ variable.
Manipulated
39
Which of the following is an undesirable dynamic characteristic of an instrument ?
Time lag
40
Which of the following is not the triple point of water ? 32°R 273°K 492°R 32°F
A
41
Pick out the one which is a first order instrument. Mercury in glass thermometer (without any covering or air gap). Bare metallic thermometer. Bare vapor pressure thermometer. All (a), (b) and (c).
D
42
Load cells are used for the measurement of
Weight
43
Which of the following is the dynamic characteristics of an instrument ? Reproducibility Sensitivity Dead zone Fidelity
D
44
Pick out the wrong statement. O2, NO and NO2 exhibit paramagnetic properties as a result of unpaired electrons. CO2 is the strongest paramagnetic gas. Paramagnetic susceptibility of gases decreases with temperature. Paramagnetic susceptibility of gases permits the measurement of their concentration.
B
45
The __________ of a vapor pressure thermometer is a functioning element
Pointer
46
. A negative gain margin expressed in decibels means a/an __________ system.
Unstable
47
Thermistor, which has high temperature co-efficient of resistivity, is used as the sensing element in resistance thermometer. It is a/an
Solid semi-conductor
48
Flapper nozzle is used in a/an __________ controller.
Pneumatic
49
A non-linear chemical system is exemplified by a/an isothermal CSTR mixer non-isothermal CSTR none of these
C
50
The transfer function for an ideal proportional plus reset controller (reset time T) is Kc(1+1/TS) Kc(1 + TS) Kc/(1+TS) Kc/(1+T/S)
A
51
The frequency response of a first order system, has a phase shift with lower and upper bounds given by - ∞, π/2 -π/2, π/2 -π/2, 0 0, π/2
D
52
Gas chromatography is used for the measurement of
Concentration
53
Which of the following thermocouples can measure the maximum temperature ? Platinum-rhodium Tungsten-molybdenum Chromel-alumel Iron-constantan
B
54
Radiation pyrometers as compared to thermocouples has a slower speed of response. can measure higher temperature. can't measure the temperature of moving objects. is more affected by corrosive atmosphere.
B
55
Liquid flow rate in a small channel is best measured by a/an weir pitot tube vane meter venturimeter
B
56
Specific gravity of a liquid can not be measured by a/an anemometer specific gravity bottle pycnometer hydrometer
A
57
_______ temperature scale assigns 0° to the 'ice point' and 80° to the 'steam point'.
Reumer
58
Dead zone is the same as time constant. same as transportation lag. maximum change in the variable that does not change the reading of the instrument. none of these.
C
59
Which of the following thermometers is not suitable for distant reading upto 60 metres? Vapor pressure thermometer Mercury in glass thermometer Constant volume gas thermometer Resistance thermometer
B
60
Degree to which an instrument indicates the changes in measured variable without dynamic error is called its
Fidelity
61
Thermistors are made of
Metal oxides
62
A barometer measures the __________ pressure.
Absolute
63
Humidity of air can be determined by a chromatograph sling psychrometer mass spectrometer polarimeter
B
64
Thermocouple in a thermal well behaves as a true first order system. second order system (overdamped). multiple first order system. second order system (underdamped).
C
65
The transfer function for a P-D controller is Kc(1+τD s) Kc(1 +1/τD s) Kc τD s Kc/τD s
A
66
Bode diagram is a plot of log (AR) vs. log (f) and (Φ) vs. log (f). log (AR) vs. f and log Φ vs.f. AR vs. log (f) and Φ vs. log (f). none of these.
A
67
Working principle of disappearing filament type optical pyrometer is based on the
Wien's law
68
Strain gage uses an electrical conductor wire, which when elastically stretched increases in length and reduces in diameter. Both these dimensional changes result in __________ in the electrical resistance of the wire. no change decrease increase exponential decrease
C
69
Pick out the wrong statement Proportional controller is normally used for level control in industrial applications. CSTR can be considered as a distributed parameter system. Distributed parameter approach gives partial differential equation. Non-linear behaviour is exemplified by an on-off controller.
B
70
Range of hydrogen gas constant volume themometer is __________ °C.
0 - 100
71
The initial value (t=0) of the unit step response of the transfer function [(s + 1)/(2s + 1)] is 0 1/2 1 2
B
72
The __________ of a vapor pressure thermometer is a primary element. pointer Bourdon tube bulb none of these
C
73
The initial value (t=0) of the unit step response of the transfer function [(s + 1)/(2s + 1)] is 0 1/2 1 2
1/2
74
The __________ of a vapor pressure thermometer is a primary element. pointer Bourdon tube bulb none of these
C
75
The time constant of a first order process with resistance R and capacitance C is R + C R - C RC 1/RC
RC
76
A sinusoidal variation in the input passing through a linear first order system becomes more oscillatory (frequency increases). becomes less oscillatory (frequency decreases). gets amplified (magnitude increases). gets attenuated (magnitude decreases).
D
77
Nitrogen gas constant volume thermometer is suitable for measuring a temperature of __________ °C. 0-100 < 0 > 100. > 50
C
78
Pick out the most suitable instrument for measuring temperature in the range of-40 to 425°C. mercury thermometer bimetallic thermometer radiation pyrometer none of these
B
79
Accurate temperature measurement performance of a radiation pyrometer can not be affected, if the enhancement or attentuation of redia-tion occurs in the sighting path. object and surrounding are at almost the same temperature. object has varying emissivity. object is transparent.
B
80
Relationship between absorption/evolution of heat at the thermocouple junctions and the current flow in the circuit is given by __________ effect. Peltier Thomson Seebeck none of these
A
81
Configuration of Bourdon spring tube is never made of __________ shape. circular semi-circular helical spiral
A
82
Thermodynamic celcius scale of temperature measurement is defined on the basis of melting point of ice and evaporation temperature of water vapor. defined on the basis of melting point of ice and condensation temperature of water vapor. having an interval of 100° between ice point to steam point. both (b) and (c)
D
83
According to Bode stability criterian, a system is unstable, if the open loop frequency response exhibits an amplitude ratio exceeding unity at frequency for which phase lag is 0° 45° 90° 180°
D
84
In a closed loop system, the process to be controlled is an integrating process with transfer function l/2s. The controller proposed to be used in an integral controller with transfer function 1/T1s. When a step change in set point is applied to such a closed loop system, the controlled variable will exhibit overdamped response. underdamped response. undamped response. unstable response.
B
85
Resistance of a gas in a vessel is given by (where, P = pressure, V = volume of the vessel, n = no. of moles of the gas, R = gas constant) V/nRT nRT/V nRT/P P/nRT
A
86
Measurement of pressure in ammonia reactor is done by Bourdon gauge U-tube manometer Inclined tube manometer Pirani guage
A
87
The fluid used in hydraulic controller is water steam air oil
D
88
Flow rate of a river is measured by a/an pitot tube vane meter kennison nozzle open weir
B
89
Which of the following thermocouple materials does not contain nickel ? Alumel Chromel Constantan None of these.
D
90
Flow rate of those fluids which are insensitive to changes in their density, viscosity or flow velocity profile can be best measured by a magnetic flowmeter pitot tube flow nozzle type flowmeter turbine flowmeter
A
91
Identify an unbounded input from inputs whose transfer functions are given below 1 1/S 1/S2 1/(S2 + 1)
C
92
"A control system is unstable, if the open loop frequency response exhibits an amplitude ratio exceeding unity at the crossover frequency." This is __________ criterion. Bode stability Nyquist Routh stability none of these
A
93
Feed forward controller accounts for the __________ changes. set point load both (a) & (b) neither (a) nor (b)
B
94
Which thermocouple can be used to measure a temperature of around 1400°C ? Copper-constantan Aluminium-chromel Platinum-platinum+rhodium None of these
C
95
Which of the following filled system expansion thermometer has the capability to measure the lowest temperature ? Mercury in glass thermometer Mercury in steel thermometer Alcohol in glass thermometer Fused metal (Na or K) in steel thermometer
C
96
Concentration of sugar solution can be determined by the polarimetry flame photometry emission spectroscopy oscillometry
A
97
In a single tank system, the transfer function of __________ to inlet flow rate is 1/TS+1. outlet flow rate level both (a) & (b) neither (a) nor (b)
A
98
Which of the following can not measure a temperature of 1600°C ? Platinum resistance thermometer Thermocouple Photo-electric pyrometer Radiation pyrometer
A
99
The temperature range for which copper resistance thermometer can be used is __________ °C 0 to 150 -200 to 150 350 to 750 500 to 900
B
100
Paramagnetism method is not used for the composition determination of __________ in gases. oxygen oxides of nitrogen carbon dioxide any of these
C
101
An amplitude ratio of 0.1 corresponds to __________ decibels. 20 -20 10 -10
B
102
For increased speed of response of an expansion pressure spring thermometer, the thermometer bulb should have a large area but small mass. high thermal conductivity. small specific heat. all'a', 'b' & 'c'.
D
103
Pressure of 0.0001 absolute psi can be measured by __________ gauge. Mcloid Pirani thermocouple none of these
A
104
Pirani gauge is used for the measurement of very high pressure. high vacuum. liquid level under pressure. liquid level at atmospheric pressure
B
105
The __________ of the fluid contained in the temperature sensing element (i.e., bulb) of filled system thermometers changes with change in temperature. pressure volume viscosity all (a), (b) and (c)
D
106
The characteristic equation for the control system with a closed loop transfer function G1/1 + G2 is given by 1 + G2 = 0. The characteristic equation for the control system depends only upon the open loop transfer function. determines its stability. is the same for set point or load changes. all 'a', 'b' & 'c'
D
107
__________ thermometer can not measure sub-zero (< 0° C) temperature, Mercury in glass Bimetallic Vapor pressure Resistance
B
108
Starting temperature of optical radiation pyrometer is __________ °C. 800 400 1200 1500
A
109
Liquid argon level in a pressurised storage tank (at 3 kg/cm2 ) is measured by a/an gage glass external float gage differential pressure gage none of these
C
110
Which of the systems having following transfer functions is stable? 1/(s2+ 2) 1/(s2-2s + 3) 1/(s2 + 2s + 2) exp(-20s)/(s2 + 2s-l)
C
111
What is the dynamic error in a critically damped second order instrument for a ramp input (At) ? 0.5 AT 2 AT sqrtAT 1.5 AT
B
112
The deflection of the free end of the bimetallic strips in a bimetallic thermometer with temperature is nearly linear non-linear parabolic hyperbolic
A
113
Alphatron measures pressure __________ microns. < 1 < 3 > 3 < 0.1
C
114
What is the ratio of output amplitude to input amplitude for a sinusoidal forcing function in a first order system ? 1 >1 < 1 none of these
C
115
The term analogous to the electrical current in a thermal system is the temperature difference heat flow rate heat content in the system none of these
B
116
Reset rate is the another term used for __________ time. dead integral derivative none of these
B
117
Continuous measurement of moisture in paper is done by sling psychrometer. hair-hygrometer. weighing. high resistance Wheatstone's bridge circuit.
D
118
Psychrometer determines the humidity of gases moisture content of solids water of crystallisation hygroscopic nature of solids
A
119
A mercury barometer measures the __________ pressure. atmospheric gauge vacuum absolute
A
120
Positioning controllers are used for low loads temperature changes high loads flow rate changes
C
121
The amplitude ratio for the sinusoidal response of a __________ is 1. first order system second order system transportation lag none of these
C
122
The amplitude ratio for the sinusoidal response of __________ is < 1. transportation lag first order system second order system none of these
B
123
Which of the following is a 'contact' pyrometer ? resistance pyrometer optical pyrometer radiation pyrometer infra red pyrometer
A
124
Which of the following is not a speed measuring instrument ? Psychrometer Stroboscope Tachometer All (a), (b) and (c)
A
125
Measurement of sub-zero Celcius temperature in industry is done most commonly by thermocouples resistance thermometers gas thermometers bi-metallic thermometers
B
126
Use of I-control along with P-control facilitates elimination of offset reduction of offset reduction of stability time none of these
A
127
Turbine flow meters are suitable for very limited flow ranges. cryogenic flow measurements. aerospace and in air borne applications. both (b) and (c).
D
128
Liquid discharge from a tank or reservoir can not be measured by orificemeters weirs mouthpieces notches
A
129
Which of the following is not a mechanical pressure sensing element ? Bellows Diaphragm Bourdon tube U-tube
D
130
__________ are analysed using a polarograph. Isotonic solutions Solids Liquids Gases
B
131
Which of the following judges the accuracy of an instrument ? Dead zone Drift Static error None of these
C
132
On-off controllers are normally used for low loads temperature changes flow rate changes none of these
A
133
Magnetic flowmeters are generally not used for the velocity/flow measurement of hydrocarbons due to their low thermal conductivity. low electrical conductivity. high viscosity index. low flash point.
B
134
Which of the following controllers has maximum offset ? P-controller P-I controller P-D controller P-I-D controller
A
135
Pressure of 0.01 psi (absolute) can be measured by __________ gauge. ionisation Pirani Mcloid none of these
C
136
High temperature of around 2000°C of incandescent gas mantles is measured by a/an specially designed thermocouple. optical pyrometer. radiation pyrometer. none of these.
C
137
The unit step response of the transfer function 1/(s2 + 2s + 3) has a non-zero slope at the origin. has a damped oscillatory characteristics. is overdamped is unstable
B

Day 1: Physical and Chemical Principles (4 decks)

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