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Day 1: Physical and Chemical Principles > CPI > Flashcards

CPI Flashcards

1
Q

Working principle of radiation pyrometer is based on the

A

Stefan-Boltzman

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2
Q

Which of the following relates the emf. generated in a single homogeneous wire to the temperature difference ?

Peltier effect

Thomson effect

Seebeck effect

none of these

A

Thomson effect

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3
Q

Dilute wine was used as a thermometric liquid initially to develop temperature scale. First emperical temperature scale developed was the __________ scale.

A

Fahrenheit

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4
Q

In a single tank system, the transfer function of level to inlet flow rate is

R/TS

R/(TS+ 1)

l(TS+ l)

1/TS

A

R/(TS+ 1)

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5
Q

Typical specifications for design stipulates the gain margin and phase margin to be respectively

A

> 1.7 and > 30°

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6
Q

Which of the following is a desirable characteristic of an instrument ?

A

High fidelity

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7
Q

The operation of a rotameter is based on

A

Variable flow area

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8
Q

The temperature of tempering oil baths maintained at 400°C during heat treatment of steel is measured by a/an __________ thermocouple.

A

Iron-constantan

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9
Q

Which of the following temperature measuring instruments need not touch the object whose temperature is being measured ?

Radiation/infrared pyrometer

Filled system thermometer

Mercury in glass thermometer

Thermo electric pyrometer

A

Radiation/infrared pyrometer

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10
Q

Thermal conductivity measurement com-prises the working principle of a

A

CO2analyser

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11
Q

Response of a system to a sinusoidal input is called __________ response.

A

Frequency

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12
Q

The closed loop pole of a stable second order system could be

A. both real and positive.

B. complex conjugate with positive real parts.

C. both real and negative.

D. one real positive and the other real negative.

A

C

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13
Q

Smoke density of the flue gas going out of the chimney is measured by a

A

Photo-electric cell

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14
Q

Transfer function of transportation lag is

A. eTS

B. e-TS

C. 1/ (TS+1)

D. none of these

A

B

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15
Q

Temperature measuring instruments are standardised mostly with __________ points of pure substances

A

Boiling and melting point

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16
Q

Pick out the first order system from among the following.

A. Damped vibrator.

B. Mercury in glass thermometer kept in boiling water.

C. Interacting system of two tanks in series.

D. Non-interacting system of two tanks in series

A

B

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17
Q

The maximum service temperature for fibre glass used as thermocouple wire insulation material is __________ °C.

A

500

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18
Q

Which of the following controllers has the least maximum deviation ?

A. P-controller

B. P-Icontroller

C. P-I-Dcontroller

D. P-Dcontroller

A

D

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19
Q

Volumetric expansion is the working principle of the __________ thermometers.

A. mercury in glass

B. constant volume gas

C. vapor pressure

D.bimetallic

A

A

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20
Q

Which of the following measurements can be made by the measurement of emf ?

pH value

Degree of hydrolysis

Composition of complex ions

All (a), (b) & (c)

A

D

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21
Q

A magnetic flowmeter is

based on the principle of Faraday’s law.

capable of measuring the flow rate of slurries and electrolytes.

based on the linear relationship between the fluid flow rate and the induced voltage.

all (a), (b) and (c).

A

D

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22
Q

Zirconia probe is used for the continuous measurment of __________ flue gases going out of the furnace.

oxygen in

carbon dioxide in

carbon monoxide in

temperature of

A

A

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23
Q

Strain gage pressure transducers are used to measure __________ pressures.

gage as well as vacuum

absolute as well as differential

both (a) and (b)

neither (a) nor (b)

A

C

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24
Q

The transfer function for a PID controller is (where, τiis the integral (reset) time and τDis the derivative time.)

Kc(1 + τis+ τD).s

Kc (1+1/TS+Td.S)

Kc (1+Td.S+1/Td.S)

Kc (1+1/TS+1/TdS)





A

B

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25
Q

Compositional analysis of __________ is done using mass spectrometer.

A

An isotope

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26
Q

The function of a transducer is to

modify the input signal.

amplify the input signal.

convert the primary signal into a more useful quantity, usually an electric impulse.

codify/decodify the input signal.

A

C

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27
Q

Nichol’s chart deals with

A.R.vs. phase lag of first order.

A.R.vs. phase lag of second order.

closed loop valuesvs. open loop values.

frequency response values of controllers.

A

C

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28
Q

Which of the following thermocouples will give the highest output for the same value of hot and cold junction temperature ?

Platinum-platinum + rhodium.

Iron-constantan.

Chromel-constantan.

All will give the same output.

A

C

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29
Q

A proportional controller with a gain ofKcis used to control a first order process. The offset will increase, if

Kcis reduced.

Kcis increased.

integral control action is introduced.

derivative control action is introduced.

A

A

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30
Q

__________ is undesirable in thermocouples used in industries,

Linear relation of emf to temperature

Corrosion resistance

Oxidation resistance

Non-linear relation of emf to temperature

A

D

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31
Q

Select the correct statement from the following.

The frequency response of a pure capacity process is unbounded.

The phase lag of a pure time delay system decreases with increasing frequency.

The amplitude ratio of a pure capacity process is inversely proportional to frequency.

The amplitude ratio of a pure time delay system increases with frequency.

A

C

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32
Q

For an input forcing function,X(t) = 2t2, the Laplace transform of this function is

2/s2

4/s2

2/s3

4/s3

A

D

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33
Q

Continuous shell temperature measurement in a liquid-liquid heat exchanger is done by a

A

Thermocouple

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34
Q

The __________ of a vapor pressure thermometer is a secondary element.

pointer

Bourdon tube

bulb

none ofthese

A

B

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35
Q

Emf developed by a thermocouple, while measuring a temperature of 600°C is about 5.5 mV. The type of thermocouple used is

chromel-alumel

iron-constantan

platinum-platinum+rhodium

either (a), (b) or (c)

A

C

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36
Q

Which of the following relates the absorption & evolution of heat at the junctions of a thermocouple to the current flow in the circuit?

Seebeck effect

Peltier effect

Joule heating effect

Thomson effect

A

Peltier effect

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37
Q

The second order system with the transfer function4/(s^2+2s+4) has a damping ratio of

2.0

0.5

1.0

4.0

A

0.5

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38
Q

In a shell and tube heat exchanger, the flow rate of heating/cooling fluid is the __________ variable.

A

Manipulated

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39
Q

Which of the following is an undesirable dynamic characteristic of an instrument ?

A

Time lag

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40
Q

Which of the following is not the triple point of water ?

32°R

273°K

492°R

32°F

A

A

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41
Q

Pick out the one which is a first order instrument.

Mercury in glass thermometer (without any covering or air gap).

Bare metallic thermometer.

Bare vapor pressure thermometer.

All (a), (b) and (c).

A

D

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42
Q

Load cells are used for the measurement of

A

Weight

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43
Q

Which of the following is the dynamic characteristics of an instrument ?

Reproducibility

Sensitivity

Dead zone

Fidelity

A

D

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44
Q

Pick out the wrong statement.

O2, NO and NO2exhibit paramagnetic properties as a result of unpaired electrons.

CO2is the strongest paramagnetic gas.

Paramagnetic susceptibility of gases decreases with temperature.

Paramagnetic susceptibility of gases permits the measurement of their concentration.

A

B

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45
Q

The __________ of a vapor pressure thermometer is a functioning element

A

Pointer

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46
Q

.

A negative gain margin expressed in decibels means a/an __________ system.

A

Unstable

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47
Q

Thermistor, which has high temperature co-efficient of resistivity, is used as the sensing element in resistance thermometer. It is a/an

A

Solid semi-conductor

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48
Q

Flapper nozzle is used in a/an __________ controller.

A

Pneumatic

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49
Q

A non-linear chemical system is exemplified by a/an

isothermal CSTR

mixer

non-isothermal CSTR

none of these

A

C

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50
Q

The transfer function for an ideal proportional plus reset controller (reset time T) is

Kc(1+1/TS)

Kc(1 +TS)

Kc/(1+TS)

Kc/(1+T/S)

A

A

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51
Q

The frequency response of a first order system, has a phase shift with lower and upper bounds given by

  • ∞, π/2

-π/2, π/2

-π/2, 0

0, π/2

A

D

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52
Q

Gas chromatography is used for the measurement of

A

Concentration

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53
Q

Which of the following thermocouples can measure the maximum temperature ?

Platinum-rhodium

Tungsten-molybdenum

Chromel-alumel

Iron-constantan

A

B

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54
Q

Radiation pyrometers as compared to thermocouples

has a slower speed of response.

can measure higher temperature.

can’t measure the temperature of moving objects.

is more affected by corrosive atmosphere.

A

B

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55
Q

Liquid flow rate in a small channel is best measured by a/an

weir

pitot tube

vane meter

venturimeter

A

B

56
Q

Specific gravity of a liquid can not be measured by a/an

anemometer

specific gravity bottle

pycnometer

hydrometer

A

A

57
Q

_______ temperature scale assigns 0° to the ‘ice point’ and 80° to the ‘steam point’.

A

Reumer

58
Q

Dead zone is the

same as time constant.

same as transportation lag.

maximum change in the variable that does not change the reading of the instrument.

none of these.

A

C

59
Q

Which of the following thermometers is not suitable for distant reading upto 60 metres?

Vapor pressure thermometer

Mercury in glass thermometer

Constant volume gas thermometer

Resistance thermometer

A

B

60
Q

Degree to which an instrument indicates the changes in measured variable without dynamic error is called its

A

Fidelity

61
Q

Thermistors are made of

A

Metal oxides

62
Q

A barometer measures the __________ pressure.

A

Absolute

63
Q

Humidity of air can be determined by a

chromatograph

sling psychrometer

mass spectrometer

polarimeter

A

B

64
Q

Thermocouple in a thermal well behaves as a true

first order system.

second order system (overdamped).

multiple first order system.

second order system (underdamped).

A

C

65
Q

The transfer function for a P-D controller is

Kc(1+τDs)

Kc(1 +1/τDs)

KcτDs

Kc/τDs

A

A

66
Q

Bode diagram is a plot of

log (AR)vs. log (f) and (Φ) vs. log (f).

log (AR)vs.fand log Φvs.f.

ARvs. log (f) and Φvs. log (f).

none of these.

A

A

67
Q

Working principle of disappearing filament type optical pyrometer is based on the

A

Wien’s law

68
Q

Strain gage uses an electrical conductor wire, which when elastically stretched increases in length and reduces in diameter. Both these dimensional changes result in __________ in the electrical resistance of the wire.

no change

decrease

increase

exponential decrease

A

C

69
Q

Pick out the wrong statement

Proportional controller is normally used for level control in industrial applications.

CSTR can be considered as a distributed parameter system.

Distributed parameter approach gives partial differential equation.

Non-linear behaviour is exemplified by an on-off controller.

A

B

70
Q

Range of hydrogen gas constant volume themometer is __________ °C.

A

0 - 100

71
Q

The initial value (t=0) of the unit step response of the transfer function [(s + 1)/(2s + 1)] is

0

1/2

1

2

A

B

72
Q

The __________ of a vapor pressure thermometer is a primary element.

pointer

Bourdon tube

bulb

none of these

A

C

73
Q

The initial value (t=0) of the unit step response of the transfer function [(s + 1)/(2s + 1)] is

0

1/2

1

2

A

1/2

74
Q

The __________ of a vapor pressure thermometer is a primary element.

pointer

Bourdon tube

bulb

none of these

A

C

75
Q

The time constant of a first order process with resistance R and capacitance C is

R + C

R - C

RC

1/RC

A

RC

76
Q

A sinusoidal variation in the input passing through a linear first order system

becomes more oscillatory (frequency increases).

becomes less oscillatory (frequency decreases).

gets amplified (magnitude increases).

gets attenuated (magnitude decreases).

A

D

77
Q

Nitrogen gas constant volume thermometer is suitable for measuring a temperature of __________ °C.

0-100

< 0

> 100.

> 50

A

C

78
Q

Pick out the most suitable instrument for measuring temperature in the range of-40 to 425°C.

mercury thermometer

bimetallic thermometer

radiation pyrometer

none of these

A

B

79
Q

Accurate temperature measurement performance of a radiation pyrometer can not be affected, if the

enhancement or attentuation of redia-tion occurs in the sighting path.

object and surrounding are at almost the same temperature.

object has varying emissivity.

object is transparent.

A

B

80
Q

Relationship between absorption/evolution of heat at the thermocouple junctions and the current flow in the circuit is given by __________ effect.

Peltier

Thomson

Seebeck

none of these

A

A

81
Q

Configuration of Bourdon spring tube is never made of __________ shape.

circular

semi-circular

helical

spiral

A

A

82
Q

Thermodynamic celcius scale of temperature measurement is

defined on the basis of melting point of ice and evaporation temperature of water vapor.

defined on the basis of melting point of ice and condensation temperature of water vapor.

having an interval of 100° between ice point to steam point.

both (b) and (c)

A

D

83
Q

According to Bode stability criterian, a system is unstable, if the open loop frequency response exhibits an amplitude ratio exceeding unity at frequency for which phase lag is

0°

45°

90°

180°

A

D

84
Q

In a closed loop system, the process to be controlled is an integrating process with transfer function l/2s. The controller proposed to be used in an integral controller with transfer function 1/T1s. When a step change in set point is applied to such a closed loop system, the controlled variable will exhibit

overdamped response.

underdamped response.

undamped response.

unstable response.

A

B

85
Q

Resistance of a gas in a vessel is given by (where,P= pressure,V= volume of the vessel,n= no. of moles of the gas,R= gas constant)

V/nRT

nRT/V

nRT/P

P/nRT

A

A

86
Q

Measurement of pressure in ammonia reactor is done by

Bourdon gauge

U-tube manometer

Inclined tube manometer

Pirani guage

A

A

87
Q

The fluid used in hydraulic controller is

water

steam

air

oil

A

D

88
Q

Flow rate of a river is measured by a/an

pitot tube

vane meter

kennison nozzle

open weir

A

B

89
Q

Which of the following thermocouple materials does not contain nickel ?

Alumel

Chromel

Constantan

None of these.

A

D

90
Q

Flow rate of those fluids which are insensitive to changes in their density, viscosity or flow velocity profile can be best measured by a

magnetic flowmeter

pitot tube

flow nozzle type flowmeter

turbine flowmeter

A

A

91
Q

Identify an unbounded input from inputs whose transfer functions are given below

1

1/S

1/S2

1/(S2+ 1)

A

C

92
Q

“A control system is unstable, if the open loop frequency response exhibits an amplitude ratio exceeding unity at the crossover frequency.” This is __________ criterion.

Bode stability

Nyquist

Routh stability

none of these

A

A

93
Q

Feed forward controller accounts for the __________ changes.

set point

load

both (a) & (b)

neither (a) nor (b)

A

B

94
Q

Which thermocouple can be used to measure a temperature of around 1400°C ?

Copper-constantan

Aluminium-chromel

Platinum-platinum+rhodium

None of these

A

C

95
Q

Which of the following filled system expansion thermometer has the capability to measure the lowest temperature ?

Mercury in glass thermometer

Mercury in steel thermometer

Alcohol in glass thermometer

Fused metal (Na or K) in steel thermometer

A

C

96
Q

Concentration of sugar solution can be determined by the

polarimetry

flame photometry

emission spectroscopy

oscillometry

A

A

97
Q

In a single tank system, the transfer function of __________ to inlet flow rate is 1/TS+1.

outlet flow rate

level

both (a) & (b)

neither (a) nor (b)

A

A

98
Q

Which of the following can not measure a temperature of 1600°C ?

Platinum resistance thermometer

Thermocouple

Photo-electric pyrometer

Radiation pyrometer

A

A

99
Q

The temperature range for which copper resistance thermometer can be used is __________ °C

0 to 150

-200 to 150

350 to 750

500 to 900

A

B

100
Q

Paramagnetism method is not used for the composition determination of __________ in gases.

oxygen

oxides of nitrogen

carbon dioxide

any of these

A

C

101
Q

An amplitude ratio of 0.1 corresponds to __________ decibels.

20

-20

10

-10

A

B

102
Q

For increased speed of response of an expansion pressure spring thermometer, the thermometer bulb should have a

large area but small mass.

high thermal conductivity.

small specific heat.

all’a’, ‘b’ & ‘c’.

A

D

103
Q

Pressure of 0.0001 absolute psi can be measured by __________ gauge.

Mcloid

Pirani

thermocouple

none of these

A

A

104
Q

Pirani gauge is used for the measurement of

very high pressure.

high vacuum.

liquid level under pressure.

liquid level at atmospheric pressure

A

B

105
Q

The __________ of the fluid contained in the temperature sensing element (i.e., bulb) of filled system thermometers changes with change in temperature.

pressure

volume

viscosity

all (a), (b) and (c)

A

D

106
Q

The characteristic equation for the control system with a closed loop transfer functionG1/1 +G2is given by 1 +G2= 0. The characteristic equation for the control system

depends only upon the open loop transfer function.

determines its stability.

is the same for set point or load changes.

all ‘a’, ‘b’ & ‘c’

A

D

107
Q

__________ thermometer can not measure sub-zero (< 0° C) temperature,

Mercury in glass

Bimetallic

Vapor pressure

Resistance

A

B

108
Q

Starting temperature of optical radiation pyrometer is __________ °C.

800

400

1200

1500

A

A

109
Q

Liquid argon level in a pressurised storage tank (at 3 kg/cm2) is measured by a/an

gage glass

external float gage

differential pressure gage

none of these

A

C

110
Q

Which of the systems having following transfer functions is stable?

1/(s2+ 2)

1/(s2-2s+ 3)

1/(s2+ 2s+ 2)

exp(-20s)/(s2+ 2s-l)

A

C

111
Q

What is the dynamic error in a critically damped second order instrument for a ramp input (At) ?

0.5 AT

2 AT

sqrtAT

1.5 AT

A

B

112
Q

The deflection of the free end of the bimetallic strips in a bimetallic thermometer with temperature is nearly

linear

non-linear

parabolic

hyperbolic

A

A

113
Q

Alphatron measures pressure __________ microns.

< 1

< 3

> 3

< 0.1

A

C

114
Q

What is the ratio of output amplitude to input amplitude for a sinusoidal forcing function in a first order system ?

1

> 1

< 1

none of these

A

C

115
Q

The term analogous to the electrical current in a thermal system is the

temperature difference

heat flow rate

heat content in the system

none of these

A

B

116
Q

Reset rate is the another term used for __________ time.

dead

integral

derivative

none of these

A

B

117
Q

Continuous measurement of moisture in paper is done by

sling psychrometer.

hair-hygrometer.

weighing.

high resistance Wheatstone’s bridge circuit.

A

D

118
Q

Psychrometer determines the

humidity of gases

moisture content of solids

water of crystallisation

hygroscopic nature of solids

A

A

119
Q

A mercury barometer measures the __________ pressure.

atmospheric

gauge

vacuum

absolute

A

A

120
Q

Positioning controllers are used for

low loads

temperature changes

high loads

flow rate changes

A

C

121
Q

The amplitude ratio for the sinusoidal response of a __________ is 1.

first order system

second order system

transportation lag

none of these

A

C

122
Q

The amplitude ratio for the sinusoidal response of __________ is < 1.

transportation lag

first order system

second order system

none of these

A

B

123
Q

Which of the following is a ‘contact’ pyrometer ?

resistance pyrometer

optical pyrometer

radiation pyrometer

infra red pyrometer

A

A

124
Q

Which of the following is not a speed measuring instrument ?

Psychrometer

Stroboscope

Tachometer

All (a), (b) and (c)

A

A

125
Q

Measurement of sub-zero Celcius temperature in industry is done most commonly by

thermocouples

resistance thermometers

gas thermometers

bi-metallic thermometers

A

B

126
Q

Use ofI-control along withP-control facilitates

elimination of offset

reduction of offset

reduction of stability time

none of these

A

A

127
Q

Turbine flow meters are suitable for

very limited flow ranges.

cryogenic flow measurements.

aerospace and in air borne applications.

both (b) and (c).

A

D

128
Q

Liquid discharge from a tank or reservoir can not be measured by

orificemeters

weirs

mouthpieces

notches

A

A

129
Q

Which of the following is not a mechanical pressure sensing element ?

Bellows

Diaphragm

Bourdon tube

U-tube

A

D

130
Q

__________ are analysed using a polarograph.

Isotonic solutions

Solids

Liquids

Gases

A

B

131
Q

Which of the following judges the accuracy of an instrument ?

Dead zone

Drift

Static error

None of these

A

C

132
Q

On-off controllers are normally used for

low loads

temperature changes

flow rate changes

none of these

A

A

133
Q

Magnetic flowmeters are generally not used for the velocity/flow measurement of hydrocarbons due to their

low thermal conductivity.

low electrical conductivity.

high viscosity index.

low flash point.

A

B

134
Q

Which of the following controllers has maximum offset ?

P-controller

P-Icontroller

P-Dcontroller

P-I-Dcontroller

A

A

135
Q

Pressure of 0.01 psi (absolute) can be measured by __________ gauge.

ionisation

Pirani

Mcloid

none of these

A

C

136
Q

High temperature of around 2000°C of incandescent gas mantles is measured by a/an

specially designed thermocouple.

optical pyrometer.

radiation pyrometer.

none of these.

A

C

137
Q

The unit step response of the transfer function 1/(s2+ 2s+ 3)

has a non-zero slope at the origin.

has a damped oscillatory characteristics.

is overdamped

is unstable

A

B

Day 1: Physical and Chemical Principles (4 decks)

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