CPG Flashcards
Where a temporary overdraft accommodation remains outstanding for longer than 30 days it shall be classified as a past due loan.
True
According to the CPG, for obligor to whom we have extension of credit, there will be several approvals across the bank towards problem recognition, the classification of problem exposure and remedial action
False
Credit portfolio risk limits may be proposed by credit Management and approved by Management credit committee
False
In order to ensure transparency of risks taken, it is the responsibility of Relationship Management to accurately, completely and in a timely fashion, report the comprehensive set of credit risk data into the independent risk reporting system
False
Settlement risk occurs when there is a simultaneous exchange of value with a counter party for the same value date and verification that payment is received is not made until after the bank has paid / delivered on the obligation
True
While considering settlement risk, there is also a risk that the counter party does not deliver at all and as such resulting in exposure of the bank to direct lending risk
True
Clearing risk is the risk that the bank may be reimbursed on another value date for payments made on behalf of customers
True
Documentation risk is the risk that documentary evidence on which the bank depends to enforce rights under contracts or transactions will not be complete, covered and enforceable
True
Legal and regulatory risks may occur when the Bank, a related corporate entity, a transaction or a customer is subject to a change in exposure resulting from legal or criminal sanctions or litigations
True
Liquidity risk is the risk that the bank will be able to meet all of its financial commitments to
customers and markets when due
False
Under the CPG, it is the responsibility of Management and Board of Directors to ensure the
integrity of the credit process and proper documentation of credit decision
False
The level of authority required to approve credit will decrease as amounts and transaction
risks decreases and as risk ratings improves
True
The CPG proposes a system of multiple standards for the measurement of credit risk in order
to ensure consistency across business, stability in methodologies and transparency of risk
False
Contingent lending risks may occur in products ranging from letters of credit to guarantees to
unusual commitments
True
Direct lending risk exists for the entire life a transaction
True
Contingent lending risk exists for the entire life of the transaction
True
Country risk events may include political events
True
Tentative action shall be taken on a reactive basis to minimize the bank`s loss on a non-performing asset
False
Under the CPG, approval credit product programs shall demonstrate that the behavior of the
portfolio will not be predictable
False
Individual credits are applicable in respect of facility request and credit approvals for
customers who do not fit into credit product programmes and product offerings
True
Individuals / business credits are suitable for which, if any, of the under listed
Any of above
Is it right to state that some credit activities in the Retail Banking business unit may be
categorized as individual /business credits
False
The board credit committee is the highest credit approval body in the bank and is responsible
for approval of credit beyond the authorized approval limit
False
The criticized assets committee is headed by GDMD and is convened once every month to
review all qualifying assets and take decision on remedial action and / or provisionary
False
The Board credit committee is headed by the GMD and by the GDMD in his absence
False
Loans that show little or no movement during their tenor or which fail to be liquidated on due
date are to be regarded as delinquent
False
The decision to transfer non-performing facility to the remedial assets Management unit is
normally taken at Management credit committee meetings
False
In some instances where it is determined that the probability of turnaround of a facility
performance is remote, such facility may be immediately classified as lost
False
Under which of the under listed instances will a facility be classified lost
death/disappearance of obligor
Generally, recovery action may be instigated at any point in time in the life of a credit exposure
False
In the event of recovery, the bank`s entitlement shall be limited to the full amount of principal and interest unpaid to date of recovery
False
Where sale proceeds from realizing a collateral security falls short of the bank`s entitlement, the difference may be forgiven the customer
False
The relationship Manager is responsible for bringing in industry, prudent and other specialists (e.g., Legal, Tax) when required
True
Risk Management policies are approved by the Board Credit committee to enable informed decision making and approval, and establish / maintain an appropriate environment for risk
Management
False
Compliance with the CPG shall be monitored on an ongoing basis by Credit Risk Management and reported on a quarterly basis to the MCC
True
Regardless of Risk Rating Limits, Legal Lending Limits will always prevail
True
Exposure against Risk Rating Limits may be measured as the outstanding and unusual
commitments (OSUC) to a relationship
True
OSUC to a given relationship does not include settlement and clearing exposure, or the underwritten position of a credit under listing transaction unless the position becomes aged beyond the extension period
True
What level of approval is required for Cash Exception
Line ED/Head CRM
What level of approval is required for Immaterial Exceptions
Line ED/Head CRM
What level of approval is required for Passive Exception
Line ED/Head CRM
What level of approval is required for Long-term conditioning
MCC
An approved Risk Rating Limit exception does not need to be re-approved during the annual review process
True
Risk management policies shall be approved by the Board of Directors to enable informed decision making and approval, and establish/maintain an appropriate environment for risk management in the bank
True
The Management Credit Committee (MCC) shall consider facility proposals in excess of the highest individual credit authority limit. Facility proposals that exceed the approval authority of the MCC shall be approved by The Board Credit Committee on behalf
True
All appointments and designations for credit risk approval, as well as corresponding credit limits, must be reviewed and re-approved by the Head of Credit Risk Management at least twice a year.
True
Each customer facing business unit need not maintain up to date records of credit approval authority delegated to approving officers
False
Credit programs shall be primarily defined to accommodate credit offerings where there is business opportunities that such will address for groups or groups of customers with homogenous business fundamentals and/or profiles such that their financial needs are better met through a common approach
True
Approvals under credit programs need not be within approved global exposure and maximum individual exposure limits and shall be exercised within the market facing business units, subject to approval limits as may be set by the bank for each product program
True
To provide flexibility in managing valued customer relationships, especially for specific Institutional banking customers that satisfy at the minimum, the criteria for the best risk rating, the bank shall approve guidance limits
. These shall be pre-approved exposure limits which shall immediately upon approval be advised to the customer but available to allow for
quick response to temporary emergency needs for accommodation / enhancement of facilities.
True
Unusual risk policies approved by MCC is limited to, the following: Exposure to director
related accounts; Exposure to politicaly exposed entities and Exposure to gambling entities
False
All unusual/special risks shall require approval at Management Credit Committee / Board
Credit Committee or Board of Directors subject to applicable limits
False
Any increases to Total Facilities, whether caused by new facilities or increases to existing
facilities, must be approved, based on the new Total Facilities amount, as per the Credit
Facility Approval Grid
True
Availments under approved credit facilities shall be through drawdown memorandum
approved by an officer in Credit Risk Management only
False
Availments under approved credit facilities shall be through drawdown memorandum
approved by an officer in Credit Risk Management and an officer in Legal Department, who
will verify that all conditions precedent to drawdown have been met.
True
Drawdown on facilities classified substandard
shall be through drawdown memorandum
approved by an officer in Credit Risk Management and an officer in Legal Department, who
will verify that all conditions precedent to drawdown have been met
True
Drawdown of facilities classified doubtful
and worse need not be approved by the Head of
Credit Risk Management at a minimum
False
When an established credit facility undergoes a material change in terms, tenor or conditions
(with materiality determined by the Head of Credit Risk Management), Total Facilities must
be re-approved, in accordance with the Credit Facility Approval Authority
True
When the amount of a credit facility is reduced or cancelled, or the tenor is shortened, the
Relationship Manager / Originating Officer must promptly advise the applicable credit
administration area, in writing, that the credit systems be updated to reflect the changes
True
Four officers from the business unit may approve any reallocation or sub allocation from an
approved facility, where the obligor, Exposure Type (Direct, Contingent) and tenor are pre-established, in order to establish or increase another facility under the following conditions
False
If a reallocation or sub-allocation is for a related obligor of equivalent or better risk rating
within the same client relationship, and the last three conditions are met, then two business
credit officers may approve reallocations sub-allocations, one of whom must be the
responsible business Group Head
True
Upon confirmation of full repayment of the credit facility and liquidation of the bank`s
exposure, all collateral, guarantee or support for any type of credit transaction shall be
released to the customer in accordance with agreed terms and conditions
True
The release of collateral, guarantees or support for any type of credit transaction requires the
following approvals: · Before the corresponding commitment is cancelled or repaid, the
Managing director must determine if the release of the collateral, guarantee or support
constitutes a material change in the risk of the transaction. if so, then the transaction must be
re-approved, based on the credit facility approval grid
True
Requests to waive or amend the provisions contained in existing credit agreements must be
considered carefully, as they may be a critical component of problem identification and
remedial management activities. Such requests must be approved by the responsible business
Ed and in accordance with the Credit Approval Grid, but not to exceed the Group MD/CEO
limit for credits. Any waiver or ammendments for facilities above that must be approved by
GDMD/GMD
True
Amendments to credit agreements, such as the lengthening of tenor, increasing facility
amount, or material relaxation of collateral structure, do not require full credit approval of
Total Facilities, in accordance with the Credit Approval Grid
False
Under no circumstance can the periodic review be temporarily extended
False
All credit facilities must be reviewed once every 12Months
True
All credit facilities must be reviewed once every 12 Months. However the periodic review
may be temporarily extended for up to 60 days with approval of the Business ED and the
Head of Credit Risk Management. Extensions beyond 60 days, up to 90 days, must be
approved by the GMD/CEO (or designee)
False
In cases where there has been a review extension the annual review date may then be reset, as
one year from the approved extension date
True
Under no circumstance are unaudited financial statements acceptable in the annual review
process
False
When Access Bank underwrites and distributes any loans or debt instrument The Hold
Position is the amount that Access Bank intends to retain
True
When Access Bank underwrites and distributes any loans or debt instrument The
Underwritten Position is the amount Access Bank commits to purchase and distribute to
investors
True
When Access Bank underwrites and distributes any loans or debt instrument The Total
Position is the sum of Access Bank`s Hold and Underwritten Positions
True
When Access Bank underwrites and distributes any loans or debt instrument The Total
Position is the amount that Access Bank intends to retain
False
When Access Bank underwrites and distributes any loans or debt instrument The Hold
Position is the amount Access Bank commits to purchase and distribute to investors
False
When Access Bank underwrites and distributes any loans or debt instrument The
Underwritten Position is the sum of Access Bank`s Hold and Underwritten Positions
False
All Credit Programs for Credit Underwriting must be approved in line with the Credit
Approval Authority grid
False
Credit underwriting and distribution requires the approval of individuals with highly
specialized market skills and specific product expertise
True
The level of approval in credit underwriting does not depend upon the amount and facility
risk rating
False
One off transactions (i.e., those done outside a Credit Program) also require approval in line
with the Credit Approval Authority grid
True
The Hold Position is subject to credit approval in accordance with the Credit Facility
Approval Authority Grid. This Hold Position amount must be aggregated with other credit
exposures for the relationship, and need not be included in Total Facilities
False
Each Credit Program must have an approval process for the Underwritten Position that
specifies approval levels as a function of the size of the underwriting. But the Underwritten
Position, during its defined distribution period, need not be captured by the market risk /
issuer risk reporting and limit framework
False
Each Credit Program must have an approval process for the Total Position that specifies
approval levels as a function of the size of the Total Position
True
In Best Efforts Undertakings, Access Bank agrees to use its best efforts to place loans or
securities with investors
True
Although distribution efforts are similar to an underwriting, a Best Efforts undertaking also
entails a legal commitment to fund any distribution shortfall. However, there is risk here in
the franchise damage associated with a failed undertaking
False
Best Efforts Undertakings should either have a specific approval process, documented as part
of a Credit Program, or the total amount of the undertaking must be approved pursuant to
credit underwriting requirements
True
In Assignments and Participations the distribution of Underwritten Position is normally
accomplished by assignments, in which an investor assumes his pro rata share of a transaction
on a full risk basis, with no recourse or future funding risk to the underwriter
True
Unfunded participations entail counterparty funding risk, in that, should the participant fail to
fund, Access Bank is not obligated. Therefore, any unfunded portion of a transaction sold by
participation does not require credit approval as an increase to the issuer hold position
False
With regards to Documentation Requirements Underwriting commitment need not follow
Commitment Letter standards
False
Each underwriting and distribution must have a Defined Distribution Period that cannot
exceed 180 days, unless otherwise specified in advance as part of the original transaction
approval
False
Distribution period begin For loans - when the issuer accepts Access Bank`s commitment,
either verbally or in writing. And For securities - on the date the price is set
True
The distribution is completed when another party contractually assumes Access Bank`s
commitment or purchases the asset
False
Even though another party contractually assumes Access Bank`s commitment or purchases
the asset the distribution is in complete
False
If an Underwritten Position is not completely sold within the Defined Distribution Period
(usually 90 days), the amount remaining is considered Aged Inventory and must be marked to
market
True
All Access Bank employees involved in the creation and management of risk exposures shall
comply at all times with the risk management policies, and procedures as approved
True
Compliance shall be monitored on an ongoing basis by the bank`s Internal Audit Unit and reported on a quarterly basis to the Board of Directors
False
The risk management unit shall have specific and overall responsibility for ensuring
compliance with the Risk management Policies and procedures
True
The Legal Unit shall have specific and overall responsibility for ensuring compliance with the
Risk Management Policies
False
The following constitute the pillars of Access Bank`s credit policies and procedures: (Select
the inappropriate item)
Credit Official Policy
Risk Rating Limits Policy - Every extension of credit must be approved in line with the approval requirements stated in this policy. Credit Risk Management must sign off on all extension of credits for the credit approval to be valid
False
Credit Approval Policy - Access Bank shall utilize Risk Rating Limits to maintain a diversified portfolio of risk asset
True
Specific Risk Policy - Certain extensions of credit have incremental or unique approval and risk management requirements or may be prohibited altogether
True
Credit Program Policy - Credit programs will be used to document business specific credit approval or risk management requirements, and are approved identically to extensions of credit
True
Annual Review Policy - There will be consistent credit analysis standards across Access Bank, for the approval of credit facilities
False
Credit Analysis Policy - All credit files must be maintained and reviewed at least once every 12 months
False
The following are the rules governing the extension of credit, one of the items does not belong
Official Credit Policy
Risk Rating Limits, shall always prevail over Legal Lending Limits set by the Regulators
False
Section 20 (1a) of the Bank and Other Financial Institutions Act (BOFIA) 1991 as amended states that a Bank shall not grant more than 50% of its shareholders` funds unimpaired by losses to a company, its subsidiaries and associates
False
What concept describes the BOFIA requirement that a Bank shall not grant more than 20% of its shareholders` funds unimpaired by losses to a company, its subsidiaries and associate
One Obligor Limit
At Access Bank, the concept of one obligor is extended to include any company belonging to a group whose management are strongly linked by virtue of their related ownership structure and in particular, where the business fortune of one entity affects the other. Thus credits extended to any member of the group shall be aggregated to determine total facilities to the group, as well as the appropriate level of approval of such facilities
True
With regards to the one obligor limit It shall be the responsibility of the Board of Directors to determine whether related company obligations shall be aggregated, and the basis for their decision shall be documented
False
Listed is the guide, to determining the One Obligor
Is there any item listed that is
inappropriate and should be excluded
All sub at least 80%
For the purposes of applying Risk Rating Limits, the obligor risk rating that is used must be
All of the above
At Access bank, Exposure against Risk Rating Limits is measured as the Outstandings and Unused Commitments (OSUC
) to a given relationship
True
Outstandings and Unused Commitments OSUC are the sum of all Outstandings (including Direct and Contingent Exposure) against Total Facilities, as well as the unused portion of any Committed Facility included in Total Facilities
True
Which of the under-listed statements is correct
Outstandings and Unused Commitments OSUC do not include settlement and clearing exposure or the Underwritten Position of a credit underwriting transaction
Which of the under-listed statements is incorrect
Risk Rating Limit Exceptions are encouraged but must be approved in advance at the appropriate level
Approval for a Risk Rating Limit Exceptions is determined by the RRLE type
True
Types of Risk Rating Limit Exceptions include the following except
Long Term & Continuing
Limit exceptions, defined as overages up to 10% of Risk Rating Limit. Is a material exception
False
Passive exceptions may be caused by
A valuation change on an existing transaction
Passive exceptions need not be pre-approved, instead, they are flagged as part of the regular reporting process, and must be reviewed and their associated action plan must be approved as soon as possible after they occur, (but no later than the next quarterly review of Risk Rating Exceptions)
True
Passive exceptions must be pre-approved, and need not be flagged as part of the regular reporting process, nor reviewed. Whilst their associated action plan also need not be approved as soon as possible (Can be later than the next quarterly review of Risk Exceptions)
False
Cash, Immaterial and Passive Risk Rating Limit Exceptions (RRLEs) require approval from Line ED and Head of Credit Risk Management (or their designees)
True
All Risk Rating Limit Exceptions apart from Cash, Immaterial and Passive exceptions require approval by MCC
True
Cash, Immaterial and Passive Risk Rating Limit Exceptions RRLEs require approval by MCC
False
All other RRLEs apart from Cash, Immaterial and Passive exceptions require approval from Line ED and Head of Credit Risk Management (or their designees)
False
During the annual review all Risk Rating Limit Exceptions must be noted on the Facility Approval Memo
True
Under-listed are the steps in the credit approval process select the inappropriate item in the group
Step 1: Visit Customers Site
A proposal or marketing letter requires credit approval even though it expressly disclaims any commitment or any undertaking to provide a commitment or other services, and does not obligate Access Bank in any way
False
Marketing letters will be jointly approved by the business head or ED and the Head of Credit Risk Management)
True
Marketing letters must be jointly approved by the MCC and the managing Director
False
When establishing Total Facilities for a relationship, Total Facilities must include the under listed select the inappropriate item:
The borrowers business description
The level of authority required for approval is a function of the Total Facilities amount
True
The level of authority required for approval can be found on the Credit Facility Approval Grid
True
All extensions of credit in the bank need not be approved in compliance with the Credit Risk Management Policy Guide
False
Extensions of credit facilities in the regions need not have the concurrence of the Head of Credit Risk in the Regional Office but requires the approval of an officer of the bank with a covering credit approval limit
False
Which of the under-listed statements is correct
No credit exposure shall be created on the judgment or at the discretion of a single bank officer acting independently. All extensions of credit or In