CPFR Residential Fire Ground Operations

Question 1

Residential Structure Fire

An IC must always match standard (1.) — to standard (2.) — to achieve standard (3.) —.

Answer 1

1. actions
2. conditions
3. outcomes

“Fire Ground Ops Residential” Powerpoint, CPFR

Question 2

Residential Structure Fire

1. What are the five components of the Strategic Decision Making Model?

Answer 2

• Critical Fire Ground Factors (BOA FLARS)
• Risk Management Plan
• Strategy (Offensive or Defensive)
• Initial Action Plan (IAP)
• Tactical Priorities

“Fire Ground Ops Residential” Powerpoint, CPFR

Question 3

Residential Structure Fire

Electing the Offensive Strategy is synonymous with electing to go (1.) —. Conversely, electing the Defensive Strategy is synonymous with electing to (2.) —.

Answer 3

1. inside
2. stay outside

CPFR Operations Protocols, Establishing Command, 2024

Question 4

Residential Structure Fire

1. Which portion(s) of the Risk Management Model / Plan are consistent with electing an Offensive Strategy?

Answer 4

• Firefighters may risk their lives a lot to save savable lives.
• Firefighters may risk our lives a little to save savable property.

PCFTC Model

CPFR Operations Protocols, Establishing Command, 2024

Question 5

Residential Structure Fire

1. Which portion(s) of the Risk Management Model / Plan is / are consistent with electing a Defensive Strategy?

Answer 5

1. Firefighters will not risk our lives, at all, for lives or property that are already lost.

CPFR Operations Protocols, Establishing Command, 2024

Question 6

Residential Structure Fire

1. What is the Risk Management Plan?

Answer 6

1. Firefighters may risk their lives a lot to save savable lives.
2. Firefighters may risk our lives a little to save savable property.
3. Firefighters will not risk our lives, at all, for lives or property that are already lost.

CPFR Operations Protocols, Establishing Command, 2024

Question 7

Residential Structure Fire

The inital IAP generally consists of (1.) — and is reported on the (2.) — in the (3.) — format.

Answer 7

1. a conversation within the cab (specific crew assignments)
2. Initial Radio Report (IRR)
3. Task - Location - Objective (TLO)

e.g., “E60 will be stretching a line to Alpha for Fire Control.”

“Fire Ground Ops Residential” Powerpoint, CPFR

Question 8

Residential Structure Fire

Amongst the Critical Fire Ground Factors, which is the most variable?

Answer 8

1. Fire

“Fire Ground Ops Residential” Powerpoint, CPFR

Question 9

Residential Structure Fire

In most cases the quickest, most direct route to the fire is through the (1.) —.

Answer 9

1. front of the building (i.e., Alpha)

“Fire Ground Ops Residential” Powerpoint, CPFR

Question 10

Residential Structure Fire

Once a crew is assigned to an On-
Deck position they are first and foremost a (1.) — until they are assigned to any other task.

Answer 10

1. Rapid Intervention Team (RIT)

AKA Rapid Intervention Crew (RIC)

“Fire Ground Ops Residential” Powerpoint, CPFR

Question 11

Residential Structure Fire

1. With Fire Control declared as the IAP, what should be done with the IAP by the IC if evidence is discovered of an entrapped victim (e.g., a credible report of a person inside the structure, a person seen in a window or on an upper deck or balcony, or calls for help are heard from inside)?

Answer 11

1. Declare a “change to the IAP” and redeclare it as Rescue

CPFR does not use the term “mode” when referring to Rescue (i.e., we do not declare Rescue Mode).

“Fire Ground Ops Residential” Powerpoint, CPFR

Question 12

Residential Structure Fire

WAC 296-305-05002 states that initial attack operations must be organized to ensure that if, on arrival at the emergency scene, responders find a known rescue situation where immediate action could prevent the loss of life or serious injury, such action must only be permitted when no less than (1.) — personnel ((2.)—-in / ((3.) —-out) are present and equipped to provide emergency assistance or rescue of the team entering the hot zone.

Answer 12

1. Three (3)
2. Two (2)
3. One (1)

“Fire Ground Ops Residential” Powerpoint, CPFR

Question 13

Residential Structure Fire

A Mayday is defined as (1.) —.

Answer 13

1. Anytime a firefighter cannot safely exit an IDLH Hazard Zone

“Fire Ground Ops Residential” Powerpoint, CPFR

Question 14

Residential Structure Fire

A Mayday is defined as (1.) —.

A Mayday will also be declared for (2.) —.

Answer 14

1. anytime a firefighter cannot safely exit an IDLH Hazard Zone
2. any unit operating inside of an IDLH Hazard Zone who does not answer their portable radio after three (3) attempts

“Fire Ground Ops Residential” Powerpoint, CPFR

Question 15

Residential Structure Fire

If the first arriving Engine or Ladder crew encounters a Mayday prior to the arrival of IC2 and Command Transfer, the next arriving (1.) — will report directly to the scene and (2.) —.

Answer 15

1. Engine, Ladder or Chief Officer
2. begin anew as if Command had never been established (i.e., “reset the play”)

A standard IRR should be communicated with the Objective of the TLO being Firefighter Rescue (Fire Control may also be included).

“Fire Ground Ops Residential” Powerpoint, CPFR

Question 16

Building Construction

Name the five basic building construction types.

Answer 16

1. Type I - Fire Resistive
2. Type 2 II - Non-Combustible / Limited Combustible
3. Type III - Ordinary
4. Type IV - Heavy Timber
5. Type V - Wood Frame

Google

Question 17

Building Construction

Building types I-V are classifications used in building codes, particularly the (1.) —, to categorize structures based on their construction materials, fire resistance, and other characteristics.

Answer 17

1. International Building Code (IBC)

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Question 18

Building Construction

Type (1.) — buildings are typically wood-framed structures with combustible exterior and interior elements.

Answer 18

1. V

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Question 19

Building Construction

1. Which era, pre-1970s or post-1970s, is considered to have used construction materials that are more robust and fire-resistant than the other?

Answer 19

1. Pre-1970s

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Question 20

Building Construction

1. Which era, pre-1970s or post-1970s, is known for lightweight construction materials such as engineered wood products, lightweight steel, and synthetic building materials?

Answer 20

1. Post-1970s

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Question 21

Building Construction

1. Which era of construction, pre-1970s or post-1970s, features open floor plans, larger windows, and interconnected spaces?

Answer 21

1. Post-1970s

These design elements can contribute to faster fire spread within the building, potentially creating more challenging fire suppression and evacuation scenarios.

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Question 22

Building Construction

1. Which era, pre-1970s or post-1970s, is considered to have used construction techniques that result in more durable and resilient structures?

Answer 22

1. Pre-1970s

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Question 23

Building Construction

(1.) — is an outdated practice which involved constructing the structural framework of a building with long, continuous studs that ran from the foundation to the roof, creating vertical channels through which fire and smoke could rapidly spread in the event of a fire.

Answer 23

1. Balloon framing

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Question 24

Building Construction

(1.) — involves constructing a building one floor at a time, with each floor serving as a platform for building the next. This method reduces the vertical channels present in the walls, making it less conducive to rapid fire spread and providing better fire containment.

Answer 24

1. Platform framing

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Question 25

Building Construction

The practice of balloon framing largely died out in the (1.) -(decade)-, having been replaced by (2.) — framing.

Answer 25

1. platform

https://www.finehomebuilding.com/2016/05/12/bringing-back-balloon-frame-construction

Question 26

Building Construction

Lightweight construction can collapse in as little as (1.) — if the fire envelope is compromised and the wooden structure itself is under attack by fire.

Answer 26

1. four to six (4-6) minutes

Kevin Berdan

Question 27

Building Construction

Use a (1.) — fire-fighting strategy once burning of truss members is identified (unless someone is trapped).

Expect (2.) — collapse once lightweight truss roofs or floors are involved in a fire (Klaene and Sanders 2000).

Answer 27

1. defensive
2. imminent

https://www.firerescue1.com/firefighter-safety/articles/lightweight-construction-hazards-you-should-know-DkQG9AMNOgsaXyru/

Question 28

Smoke

A (1.) — occurs when oxygen is introduced into an oxygen-deficient environment that is charged with pressurized gases at-or-above their ignition temperature.

Answer 28

1. backdraft

The Art of Reading Smoke for Rapid Decision Making

Question 29

Smoke

The four purposes of “reading smoke” are to ascertain:
The exact (1.) — of the fire.
The (2.) — of the fire.
The (3.) — of the fire.
The likelihood of a (4.) —.

Answer 29

1. location
2. size
3. path
4. hostile fire event

The Art of Reading Smoke for Rapid Decision Making

Question 30

Fire Science

What are the five commonly-sited Stages of Fire?

Answer 30

1. Ignition
2. Growth
3. Flashover
4. Fully-Developed
5. Decay

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Question 31

Fire Science

During what stage does fire reach peak intensity?

Answer 31

1. Fully-Developed

Flashover marks the beginning of this stage.

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Question 32

Fire Science

During what stage of fire might a backdraft occur?

Answer 32

1. Decay

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Question 33

Smoke

Name the four aspects of smoke which should be considered when attempting to interpret its significance.

Answer 33

1. Volume
2. Velocity
3. Color
4. Density

https://video.search.yahoo.com/search/video?fr=mcafee&p=how+to+read+smoke+for+firefighters&type=E210US714G0#id=2&vid=b1b8688f3e134580bd06afe9827eb8e2&action=click

Question 34

Smoke

The (1.) — of smoke visible is a general representation of the amount of fuel that is releasing energy.

Answer 34

1. Volume

https://video.search.yahoo.com/search/video?fr=mcafee&p=how+to+read+smoke+for+firefighters&type=E210US714G0#id=2&vid=b1b8688f3e134580bd06afe9827eb8e2&action=click

Question 35

Smoke

The volume of smoke visible is a general representation of (1.) —.

Answer 35

1. the amount of fuel that is releasing energy

https://video.search.yahoo.com/search/video?fr=mcafee&p=how+to+read+smoke+for+firefighters&type=E210US714G0#id=2&vid=b1b8688f3e134580bd06afe9827eb8e2&action=click

Question 36

Smoke

The (1.) — of visible smoke is generally a representation of the amount of pressure built up within a fire compartment.

Answer 36

1. Velocity

https://video.search.yahoo.com/search/video?fr=mcafee&p=how+to+read+smoke+for+firefighters&type=E210US714G0#id=2&vid=b1b8688f3e134580bd06afe9827eb8e2&action=click

Question 37

Smoke

The velocity of visible smoke is generally a representation of (1.) —.

Answer 37

1. the amount of pressure built up within a fire compartment

https://video.search.yahoo.com/search/video?fr=mcafee&p=how+to+read+smoke+for+firefighters&type=E210US714G0#id=2&vid=b1b8688f3e134580bd06afe9827eb8e2&action=click

Question 38

Smoke

The (1.) — of visible smoke is generally a representation of its proximity to the fire. The darker the smoke, the closer it is to the fire.

Answer 38

1. Color

https://video.search.yahoo.com/search/video?fr=mcafee&p=how+to+read+smoke+for+firefighters&type=E210US714G0#id=2&vid=b1b8688f3e134580bd06afe9827eb8e2&action=click

Question 39

Smoke

The (1.) — of visible smoke is generally a representation of the amount of unburned fuel present in the smoke, which has the potential to propogate hostile fire events such as flashover.

Answer 39

1. density

https://video.search.yahoo.com/search/video?fr=mcafee&p=how+to+read+smoke+for+firefighters&type=E210US714G0#id=2&vid=b1b8688f3e134580bd06afe9827eb8e2&action=click

Question 40

Smoke

The density of visible smoke is generally a representation of (1.) —.

Answer 40

1. the amount of unburned fuel present in the smoke, which has the potential to propogate hostile fire events such as flashover

https://video.search.yahoo.com/search/video?fr=mcafee&p=how+to+read+smoke+for+firefighters&type=E210US714G0#id=2&vid=b1b8688f3e134580bd06afe9827eb8e2&action=click

Question 41

Smoke

The color of visible smoke is generally a representation of (1.) —.

Answer 41

1. its proximity to the fire

The darker the smoke, the closer it is to the fire.

https://video.search.yahoo.com/search/video?fr=mcafee&p=how+to+read+smoke+for+firefighters&type=E210US714G0#id=2&vid=b1b8688f3e134580bd06afe9827eb8e2&action=click

Question 42

Smoke

Who wrote The Art of Reading Smoke?

Answer 42

1. Dave Dodson

https://video.search.yahoo.com/search/video?fr=mcafee&p=how+to+read+smoke+for+firefighters&type=E210US714G0#id=2&vid=b1b8688f3e134580bd06afe9827eb8e2&action=click

Question 43

Smoke

1. What does brown smoke indicate?

Answer 43

1. untreated wood is burning

https://video.search.yahoo.com/search/video?fr=mcafee&p=how+to+read+smoke+for+firefighters&type=E210US714G0#id=2&vid=b1b8688f3e134580bd06afe9827eb8e2&action=click

Question 44

Smoke

The (1.) — smoke from the (2.) — opening is an indication of where the fire is located.

Answer 44

1. fastest
2. smallest

https://video.search.yahoo.com/search/video?fr=mcafee&p=how+to+read+smoke+for+firefighters&type=E210US714G0#id=2&vid=b1b8688f3e134580bd06afe9827eb8e2&action=click

Question 45

Building Construction

When considering the potential layout of a single family home, the most useful locations to correctly identify are the (1.) —, as they represent the most likely places for victim entrapment.

Answer 45

1. bedrooms

A Truckie’s Guide to Knowing House Layouts, Fire Rescue Magazine, June 8, 2009, Peter F. Kertzie