CPE 032 Flashcards
An instrument that uses an LCD display typically capable of measuring voltage, current, and resistance.
Digital Multimeter (DMM)
The pressure applied to the circuit, measured in volts.
Voltage (V)
The flow of electricity through a conductor, measured in amperes.
Current (A)
The opposition to the flow of current in a conductor, measured in ohms.
Resistance (Ω)
A fundamental equation that relates voltage, current, and resistance in an electrical system, expressed as V = A x Ω.
Ohm’s Law
An electric signal in which the current and voltage vary in a repeating pattern over time.
Alternating Current (AC)
A steady electric current flowing in one direction, commonly stored in batteries.
Direct Current (DC)
The impedance or resistance of the input jacks of a multimeter, affecting measurement results.
Input Impedance
A device that measures AC or DC current without breaking the circuit by clamping around the conductor.
Clamp Meter
The ability of a component to hold an electrical charge, usually stated in farads.
Capacitance
A quick check to see if a circuit is complete, typically indicated by the meter’s tone.
Continuity
A measure of the ‘Effective Value’ of an AC waveform, useful for calculating work done.
RMS (Root Mean Square)
A feature in some multimeters that automatically selects the range with the best resolution for the measurement.
Auto Ranging
A feature that retains the highest reading in a series of measurements.
Peak Hold
The smallest increment of measurement that a multimeter can display.
Resolution
Certifications that indicate a multimeter meets safety requirements for usage.
Safety Standards (UL, IEC)
A meter that accurately measures AC voltage in environments with harmonics.
True RMS Meter
A circuit configuration where devices are connected along a single path.
Series Circuit
A circuit configuration where the same voltage is applied across multiple devices, with current flowing freely.
Parallel Circuit
A semiconductor device that allows current to flow in only one direction.
Diode
A unit of current equal to one-thousandth of an ampere.
Milliampere (mA)
The basic unit of electric current.
Glossary Term: Ampere (A)
The basic unit of resistance.
Glossary Term: Ohm (Ω)
The unit of electrical pressure.
Glossary Term: Volt (V)
A unit of frequency equal to one cycle per second.
Glossary Term: Hertz (Hz)
The basic unit of capacitance; the ability to store electrical charge.
Glossary Term: Capacitance (F)
The basic unit of electric current.
A, ampere or amp
An electric signal in which the current and voltage vary in a
repeating pattern over time; the most common type of voltage.
AC, alternating current
A mechanical measuring device using a needle moving across a
graduated scale or dial.
analog meter
Auto-Power — Off Automatically shuts down unit after a certain amount of time
to preserve battery life. Most meters with APO may be disabled or set to a certain amount
of time before shutting off.
APO
A DMM that automatically selects the range with the best resolution
and accuracy in response to the sensed values.
auto ranging
To adjust the meter measured value to a recognized artifact or standard.
calibration
Ability of a component to hold an electrical charge, usually stated in
microfarads.
capacitance
Electronic component which stores energy and then discharges it rapidly;
blocks DC and allows AC to pass through.
capacitor
DMM with jaws that allow it to fit around a conductor to measure AC or
DC current without breaking the circuit.
clamp-on —
A connection between two conductors that allows a flow of current.
contact
A continuous path for current flow in a closed circuit.
continuity
The flow of an electrical charge through a conductor; measured in amperes or
amps.
current
Feature of a DMM that allows continued display of the last reading taken
after probes have been removed.
data hold
a direct, steady voltage; typically produced through
electromagnetism, chemicals (batteries), light, heat or pressure.
DC, direct current
Electronic device in circuits that allows current to flow easily in only one
direction and blocks flow in the opposite direction.
diode
An instrument that uses an LCD display typically capable
of measuring voltage, current and resistance.
DMM, digital multimeter
The basic unit of capacitance.
F, farad
The number of cycles per second that a wave form repeats; measured in
hertz. (Line voltage in the U.S. is 60 Hz.)
frequency
A large conducting body (earth) used as a common return for fault current in a
circuit.
ground
One cycle per second; the unit of frequency.
H, hertz
A signal with a frequency which is an integer multiple of the fundamental
frequency (60Hz); may damage or degrade the performance of electrical devices.
harmonics
Diminishes power quality; caused by non-linear loads such as
variable speed motor drives, electronic lighting ballasts and computers.
harmonic distortion
Total opposition to current flow; includes resistance, capacitance and
reactance.
impedance
Any device which consumes power in a circuit.
load
DMM that requires the user to manually select the range, using the
meter’s dial.
manual ranging
Feature that allows a meter to capture and store the highest and lowest
readings during a specific measurement.
min/max
The basic unit of resistance, specified as equal to that of a conductor in which
one amp of current is produced by one volt of potential across its terminals.
ohm
Signal amplitudes or frequencies above the specified limits of the
instrument; typically displayed as ―OL‖ on the display of a DMM.
OL, overload
Feature of DMM that allows retention of highest reading in a series of
measurements.
peak hold
The positive or negative direction of DC voltage or current.
polarity
Increments in value that can be displayed by a DMM; the greater the
resolution the more precise the readout.
resolution
Opposition to current; measured in ohms.
resistance
Automatically shuts down unit not in use to preserve battery life.
Sleep mode
Any connection that has relatively low resistance or any resistance between two
points below a preselected threshold. Typically, this is unintended.
short
DMM that has the True RMS feature, allowing for accurate
measurement of AC voltage in environments with harmonics (see harmonics).
True RMS meter
The unit of electrical pressure; one volt is the potential difference needed to
cause one amp of current to pass through one Ohm of resistance.
V, volt
SSI
MSI
LSI
VLSI
ULSI
GSI
– Small Scale Integration
– Medium Scale Integration
– Large Scale Integration
– Very Large Scale Integration
– Ultra Large Scale Integration
– Gigascale Integration
is the portion of an electronic structure that protects an electronic/electrical
element and its environment from each other.
electronic package
is the bridge that interconnects the ICs and
other components into a system-level board to form electronic products.
Packaging
Function of Electronic package
Signal Distribution
Power Distribution
Heat Dissipation
Circuit Support And Protection
THT
SMT
DIP
Through Hole Technology
Surface Mount Technology
Dual in-line Package
is an electronic device package with a rectangular housing
and two parallel rows of electrical connecting pins.
Dual in-line Package (DIP)
The pins are drawn in an L shape from both sides of the body, the materials include plastic and
ceramic. In addition to being used for memory LSI, SOP is also widely used in circuits such as ASSP that
is not too large. The pin pitch is 1.27mm and the number of pins is from 8 to 44.
SOP/SOIC/SO (Small Outline Package) SMT
The leads are led out from four sides in an L-shape, the materials are ceramic, metal and plastic,
among which, plastic packaging accounts for the vast majority.
The pin pitches include 1.0mm, 0.8mm, 0.65mm, 0.5mm, 0.4mm, 0.3mm and other specifications. The
maximum number of pins of 0.65mm package is 304.
QFP (Quad Flat Package) SMT
LQFP
(Flat Quad Flat Pack): The height of the IC packaging body is 1.4 mm
TQFP
(Thin Quad Flat Pack): Height is 1.0mm
PQFP
(Plastic Quad Flat Package): PQFP package has a small pitch and a very small pin. Generally,
large-scale or very large-scale integrated circuits use this IC packaging, and the pin count is generally
above 100
CQFP
(Ceramic Quare Flat Package): Ceramic version of PQFP
BQFP
(Quad Flat Package with Bumper): This package has protrusions (cushions) at the four corners to
prevent bending deformation of the pins during shipping. The pin pitch is 0.635mm, and the number
of pins is from 84 to 196
The four sides of this IC packaging are equipped with electrode contacts. Due to the absence of leads,
the mounting area is smaller than QFP and the height is lower than QFP.
The number of electrode contacts is generally from 14 to 100, the materials are ceramic and plastic.
When there is an LCC mark, it is basically a ceramic QFN, of which the spacing of electrode contacts
is 1.27 mm.
Plastic QFN has different pin pitches of 0.65mm, 0.5mm, and 1.27mm, this package is also known
as PLCC
QFN/LCC (Quad Flat Non-leaded Package) SMT
Spherical bumps are formed on the back surface of the printed substrate to replace the lead, and the
LSI chip is mounted on the front surface of the PCB board, and then sealed by a molding resin or a
potting method, the pins can exceed 200.
The package body can be made smaller than QFP and the BGA does not have to worry about pin
deformation problems like QFP.
BGA (Ball Grid Array Package) SMT
