CPAR: Lesson 3 & 4 - Philippine Contemporary Aesthetic & GAMABA Flashcards
1
Q
What are the 7 Filipino Art Tendencies?
A
- Broadest Aspect Technique
- Multiple Focal Points
- Highly Expressive
- Polychromatic
- Maximalism
- Multifunctional
- Rhythmic Patterns
2
Q
Who connected philosophy and art
A
Alice Guillermo
3
Q
Guillermo contends that _________. It differs from one place to another, from one culture to another.
A
“Aesthetics is not universal”
4
Q
What are the 6 Filipino Art Attributes?
A
- Beauty and Function
- Holistic
- Everybody is an artist
- Freedom in the use of media and techniques
- Resourceful
- Creative process is more important than the finished work
5
Q
WHAT FILIPINO ART TENDENCY:
Shows many sides of an object. Depicts how Filipinos think on how it looks like rather than how it is seen.
A
Broadest Aspect Technique
6
Q
WHAT FILIPINO ART TENDENCY:
Seen in some modern compositions with efforts to represent different aspects and relevant elements
A
Multiple Focal Points
7
Q
WHAT FILIPINO ART TENDENCY:
Evident in performing arts, expressed in visual arts through different elements (line, color, shape, etc.)
A
Highly Expressive
8
Q
WHAT FILIPINO ART TENDENCY:
Colorful
A
Polychromatic
9
Q
WHAT FILIPINO ART TENDENCY:
Filipino art has an inclination to fill up space with forms and ornamentations
A
Maximalism
10
Q
WHAT FILIPINO ART TENDENCY:
Works with various uses strengthens the community
A
Multifunctional
11
Q
WHAT FILIPINO ART TENDENCY:
Most recognized Filipino art tendency
Measured and stylized organizations of patterns and forms
A
Rhythmic Patterns
12
Q
WHAT FILIPINO ART ATTRIBUTE:
Considers use, beliefs, ethics, social, spiritual, and environmental concerns
A
Beauty and Function
13
Q
WHAT FILIPINO ART ATTRIBUTE:
Considers balance in all disciplines
A
Holistic
14
Q
What are the 3 Classifications of Art Forms in the Philippines?
A
- Fine Art
- Folk Art
- Popular Art
15
Q
- Individual Artist
- Academic-trained
- Western-influenced
- Create art for art’s sake
- Shows the skills and individuality of the artist
- Follows the artist’s concept and aesthetic
- Critically acclaimed
- Universal
A
Fine Art
16
Q
- People of the community
- Community trained
- Self-taught
- Indigenous/Local
- Community People
- Create art to continue local tradition
- Shows the identity of the community
- Follows the tradition
- Continuous practice
- Community-based
A
Folk Art
17
Q
- Individual Artist
- Academic-trained
- Self-taught
- Western-influenced
- Mass public
- Mass production for commercial purposes
- Shows current taste of the public
- Follows a “trend”
- Virality
- Universal
- Mabini Art
A
Popular Art
18
Q
Created by “naif” pr unschooled local atist for commercial purposes
A
Mabini Art
19
Q
Mabini Art started in _____ (year) after the _______ (competition)
A
1995 and Rotary Art Competition
20
Q
Where is Mabini Art displayed?
A
Mabini Street in Malate, Manila
21
Q
Meaning of GAMABA?
A
GAwad sa MAnlilikha ng BAyan
22
Q
English translation of GAMABA
A
National Living Treasures Award
23
Q
It is insitutionalized through _____ (RA)
A
Republic Act No. 7355 in April 1992
24
Q
What are the 5 Criteria of GAMABA
A
- Technical and creative skill
- Artistic quality
- Community tradition
- Folk art tradition
- Character and integrity
25
What GAMABA criteria?
The candidate posses a "mastery of the tools and materials" needed by the art, and "must have an established reputation" in the art as master and maker of works of extraordinary technical quality.
Technical and creative skill
26
What GAMABA criteria?
The "work of the candidate must be outstanding aesthetically", and he/she "must have consistently produced over a significant period, works of superior quality".
Artistic quality
27
What GAMABA criteria?
The candidate must have transferred and/or "willing to transfer to other members of the community", skills in the folk art for which the community has become nationally known.
Community Tradition
28
What GAMABA criteria?
Must have engaged in a _______ that has been existent and documented for fifty (50) years
Folk Art Tradition
29
What GAMABA criteria?
Must command the respect and admiration of the country
Character and Integrity
30
What are the incentives of GAMABA
- Plaque/Medal
- Php 100,000 plus Php 10,000 monthly
- Vocational course
- Feasibility study --> specialized cottage industry
- Invited to Manila-based or regional cultural events
31
The award logo is a representation of the _______
human form used in traditional cloth
32
Below the logo of GAMABA medal is the phrase ______ written in _____
Manlilikha ng Bayan; Baybayin
33
Ethnomedicine is also known as...
Traditional Medicine or Healing
34
When was Albulario, Manghihilot, Babaylan, and the likes included in GAMABA?
November 2020
35
NCCA meaning
National Commission for Culture and the Arts
36
Who stated
“a wide range of healthcare systems and
structures, practices, beliefs, and
therapeutic techniques that have thrived
since ancient times in Philippine traditional
cultural communities.”?
Dr. Felipe De Leon, Head of NCCA Committee on Music
37
Art of the ancient Filipino healing
grounded on the principle of balance
of the physical elements; together with mental, emotional, and spiritual aspects of the person
HILOT
38
- Herb doctor
- Skilled in herbal medicine
ALBULARIO
39
- Traditional healers
- Mastered psycho-spiritual practices for healing and well-being
BABAYLAN
40
Form of GAMABA
- Passed through generations
- Poetry and epic stories
Oral Tradition/Literature
41
- Oral Literature
- AMBAHAN and SURAT MANGYAN (ancient writing system of Hanunuo Mangyan)
GINAW BILOG - Mangyan - Mindoro - 1993
42
- Poem composed of 7 rhyming end-syllables per line
- Contents are: metaphors and images of Mangyan life (birth to death), and contemporary issues
- NO MUSIC ACCOMPANIMENT
- ETCHED ON BAMBOO using Surat Mangyan writing
AMBAHAN
43
- Oral Literature
- Manusugidanon (epic chanter)
- work for documentation of oral literature particularly the epics: SUGIDANON
FEDERICO "NONG PEDRING" CABALLERO - Bukidnon - Iloilo - 2000
44
- Musicians/Performers
- Master of musical tradition
- Prolific and pre-eminent epic chanter and storyteller from PALAWAN
MASINO INTARAY - Palaw'an - Palawan - 1993
45
Gong ensemble
Basal (musical tradition)
46
Lyrical love poem
Kulilal (musical tradition)
47
Instrumental music
Bagit (musical tradition)
48
Mouth harp
Aroding (traditonal instrument)
49
Ring flute
Babarak (traditional instrument)
50
Two-stringed lute
Kusyapi (traditional instrument)
51
- Achieved in the highest level of excellence in the art of KUTYAPI (two-stringed lute)
SAMAOAN SULAIMAN
52
Suspended bossed gong with wide rim
Agong
53
Bossed gong with narrow rim
Gandingan
54
Lip-valley flute
Palendag
55
PALAWAN KUSYAPI or MINDANAO KUTYAPI
- box-shaped lutes
- have frets all placed on the neck and none of the body
PALAWAN KUSYAPI
56
PALAWAN KUSYAPI or MINDANAO KUTYAPI
- elaborately carved owing to their skill as master wood carvers
- has TWO STRINGS with movable frets attached using beeswax
MINDANAO KUTYAPI
57
- Musicians/Performers
- Basilan
- Near-blind since five (5)
- Exemplary teacher of YAKAN MUSIC
UWANG AHADAS - Yakan - Basilan - 2000
58
Yakan traditional instrument:
- Bamboo xylophone
Gabbang
59
Yakan traditional instrument:
- Percussion Instrument used to announce marriage
Agung
*agung = MAN'S instrument
60
Yakan traditional instrument:
- Percussion instrument consisting of 5 graduated wooden beams
Kwintangan kayu
*kwintangan = WOMAN'S instrument
61
Yakan traditional instrument:
______ resolve broke through this traditon and mastered these fundamental traditional instrument
AHADAS
62
- Musicians/Performers
- Kalinga master of dance and the performing arts
- Founded Kalinga Buding Dance Troupe
ALONZO SACLAG - Kalinga - 2000
63
- Land bought by ALONZO SACLAG and transformed into Kalinga Village
AWICHON
64
- TEXTILE WEAVER
- Learned Tnalak at age 12
- Tnalak weavers = Dream weavers
- Traditional clothing of TBoli made with abaca fibers
LANG DULAY - T'boli - South Cotabato - 1998
65
- TEXTILE WEAVER
- At age 12 presented herself to her mother to be taught how to weave INABAL (ancestral cloth of Bagobo)
- She and her sister created SINUKLA and BANDIRA (handwoven tube skirts)
SALINTA MONON - Bagobo - Davao Del Sur - 1998
66
- TEXTILE WEAVER
- Weaver of PIS SYABIT (handwoven square-shaped cloth worn by TAUSUG of JOLO as HEAD COVERINGS)
- never married
- generations of traditional Tausug designs are preserved
DARHATA SAWABI - Tausug - Sulu - 2000
67
- TEXTILE WEAVER
- BEST of FILIPINO INABEL (Ilocano handwoven cloth weaver)
- started at age 16
- binakol, inuritan (geometric designs); kusikos (spiral forms similar to oranges); Sinan-sabong (flowers)
MAGDALENA GAMAYO - Ilocano - Ilocos Norte - 2004
68
- TEXTILE WEAVER
- YAKAN WEAVER who mastered designs and textile categories native to Yakan
- Best works are: peneh pitumph, peneh kenna-kenna, etc.
- RENOWNED FOR WEAVING SINALU'AN (category of weave with stripes of the diamond twill technique)
AMBANG AUSALIN - Yakan - Basilan - 2016
69
- TEXTILE WEAVER
- Master of MABANG TABIH (B'laan weaving)
- started at age 14
- Designs she makes are LINKED WITH HER SPIRITUAL and CULTURAL BELIEF
- died January 2021
YABING MASALIN DULO - B'laan - South Cotabato - 2016
70
- MAT WEAVER
- Recognized as the MASTER MAT WEAVER among Sama indigenous community
- respected in her community for her unique designs, the straightness of her edging (tabig) and the fineness of her "sasa" and "kima-kima"
HAJA AMINA APPI - Sama - Tawi-Tawi - 2004
71
- MAT WEAVER
- Original name: Labnai Tumndan (1950s)
- Nickname: PRINCESS
- recognized for her tight and complex weave
- refused to subsume her mat weaving practice to the demands of commerce
ESTELITA BANTILAN - B'laan - Saranggani - 2016
72
What are the 3 materials for dyeing Tnalak?
1. Loko (Red Dye) - tree bark
2. Kenalum (Black Dye) - leaves
3. Abaca Fibers - tree
73
Resist-dye technique of adding vibrant colorful patterns to woven textiles
IKAT TEXTILES
74
Indonesian verb - mengikat = "to bind" or "tie off"
Ikat
75
What are the four (4) Philippine textiles that use Ikat Method?
1. T'nalak (T'boli)
2. Mabal Tabih (B'laan)
3. Bagobo Inabal
4. Maranaw
76
Yakan Textiles:
An artistic ability that is a source of pride of Yakan women
Tennun (weaving)
77
Yakan Textiles:
The secret of an intricately-woven cloth resides in the comb
SUD DENDAM
78
Yakan Textiles:
When a female was born the _______, cuts the umbilical cord with a _______, a wooden part of the loom used for beating the weft.
pandey (midwife); bayre
79
- CARVING/ORNAMENTS
- Art of PINUKPUK (religious secular art detailed decoration for altars, carosas, etc.)
- Fond of the design motif CALLADO (intertwined leaves and flowers)
EDUARDO MUTUC - Kapampangan - Pampanga - 2004
80
- CARVING/ORNAMENTS
- Takes pride in wearing his KATTOkONG NGA TABUNGAW (gourd)
- master artisan at age 15
TEOFILO GARCIA - Ilocano - Abra - 2012
