CPA ISC - S2 M1 IT Infrastructure

Question 1

What is a modem?

Answer 1

A modem connects a network to an internet service provider’s network. This essentially establishes the connection.

Question 2

What is a router?

Answer 2

A router manages network traffic by connecting devices to form a network.

Question 3

What is a switch?

Answer 3

A switch is similar to a router in that they connect and divide devices within a network. However, switches are more basic and do not do advanced functions such as assigning IP addresses.

Question 4

What is a gateway?

Answer 4

A gateway acts as an intermediary between different networks. Gateways transform data from one protocol language into another, such as transforming data into TCI/IP which is the “universal” language on the internet.

Question 5

What are Edge-Enabled devices?

Answer 5

Edge-enabled devices allow computing, storage, and networking functions closer to the devices where the data or system request originates, rather than a distant central location. This has the benefit of faster network response times.

Question 6

What are servers?

Answer 6

Servers are physical or virtual machines that coordinate the computers, programs, and data that are part of the network.

Ex:
Client –> Request –> Server –> Response –> back to Client

Question 7

What is a firewall?

Answer 7

A firewall protects network traffic by filtering it through security protocols with predefined rules. Firewalls also assign IP addresses.

Question 8

How do basic packet-filtering firewalls work?

Answer 8

Basic packet-filtering firewalls work by analyzing network traffic that is transmitted in packets and determining whether that firewall software is configured to accept the data.

Question 9

How do circuit-level gateway firewalls work?

Answer 9

Circuit-Level Gateway firewalls work by verifying the source of a packet.

Question 10

How do application-level gateway firewalls work?

Answer 10

Application-level gateway firewalls work by inspecting the packet itself.

Question 11

How do network address translation firewalls work?

Answer 11

Network address translation firewalls work by assigning an internal network address to specific approved external sources so that those sources are approved to be inside the firewall.

Question 12

How do stateful multilayer inspection firewalls work?

Answer 12

Stateful multilayer inspection firewalls work by combining packet-filtering and network address translation.

Question 13

How do next-gen firewalls work?

Answer 13

Next-gen firewalls assign different firewall rules to different applications and users.

Question 14

What are the 5 types of network topologies?

Answer 14

1. Linear
2. Tree
3. Ring
4. Mesh
5. Star

Question 15

What is a Local Area Network (LAN)?

Answer 15

A LAN is limited in geographic area such as a home or office.

Question 16

What is a Wide Area Network (WAN)?

Answer 16

A WAN provides access to large geographic areas such as cities. An example of a WAN is the internet.

Question 17

What is a Software-Defined Wide Area Network (SD-WAN)?

Answer 17

A SD-WAN monitors performance of WAN connections and manages traffic to optimize connectivity.

Question 18

What is firmware?

Answer 18

Firmware is software that is locally embedded in hardware instructing the hardware how to operate. Essentially, firmware operates like software but exists locally on the machine and is not updated frequently.

Question 19

What are the 4 cloud computing deployment models?

Answer 19

1. Public
2. Private
3. Hybrid
4. Community

Question 20

Cloud Computing Deployment Model - Public

Answer 20

The cloud in this model is owned and managed by a CSP that makes the cloud services available to people or organizations who want to use or purchase them.

Question 21

Cloud Computing Deployment Model - Private

Answer 21

The cloud in this model is created for a single organization and is managed by the organization or a CSP. The infrastructure can exist on or off the org premises.

Question 22

Cloud Computing Deployment Model - Hybrid

Answer 22

The cloud in this model is composed of two or more clouds, with at least one being private, that remain unique.

Question 23

Cloud Computing Deployment Model - Community

Answer 23

The cloud infrastructure is shared by multiple organizations to support a common interest, such as companies banding together for regulatory compliance, a common mission, or collaboration with industry peers.

Question 24

What are the 5 components of the COSO ERM framework?

Answer 24

1. Governance and Culture
2. Strategy and Objective-Setting
3. Performance
4. Review and Revision
5. Information, Communication, and Reporting