CP Chapter 3

Question 1

Dahl’s Definition

Answer 1

the continuing responsiveness of government to the preference of citizens, considered as political equals,
Does not include: reedom of expression, right to vote, everyone is eligible to run

Question 2

Universal suffrage

Answer 2

All adult citizens have the right to participate in the electoral process that selects and removes government leaders

Question 3

Elements of Democracy

Answer 3

Accountability, Participation, and contestation

Question 4

Participation

Answer 4

Clear rules must institutionalize universal suffrage; political choices must be unforced

Question 5

Contestation

Answer 5

Real competition for power must exist; there must be more than one group competing for power

Question 6

Unitarism

Answer 6

The constitution grants the central government exclusive and final authority overy policy making across the entire national territory. Pro: promotes Effective gov, Con: weak state and local gov

Question 7

Federalism

Answer 7

The constitution grants two or more governments overlapping political authority over the same group of people and same piece of territory. Pro: allows protection of citizens preferences or to protect minority groups rights, Con: inefficient

Question 8

Presidential System

Answer 8

A constitutional format in which the executive and legislative branches enjoy both separation of origin and separation of survival

Question 9

Parliamentary system

Answer 9

A constitutional format in which the executive and legislative branches have neither separation of origin nor separation of survival

Question 10

Separation of Origin

Answer 10

Voters directly elect the members of the legislature and also cast a separate ballot directly electing the chief executive, the president

Question 11

Separation of survival

Answer 11

members of both the executive and legislative branches serve for fixed terms of office

Question 12

Semi-presidential hybrid

Answer 12

a constitutional format in which the president and parliament enjoy separation of origin, but only the president enjoys separation of survival

Question 13

Dual Executive

Answer 13

In hybrid democratic regimes, an executive branch of government characterized by a division of authority and responsibility between a president a prime minister

Question 14

Plurality Rule

Answer 14

candidate who receives the most votes in electoral district wins seats even if its less than the majority of votes

Question 15

Majority Rule

Answer 15

candidates obtain actual majority in a district to win

Question 16

Requirements/rules for democracy (textbook)

Answer 16

Needs elected government, Civil Liberties, Fair and Frequent Elections

Question 17

Madison’s Dilemma

Answer 17

balance between effective versus limited government

Question 18

Closed Autocracy

Answer 18

no multi party elections for the chief executive and legislature (i.e. North Korea)

Question 19

Electoral Autocracy

Answer 19

elections held for chief executive and legislature but fail to meet minimum prerequisites for competition and/or participation (i.e. Uganda)

Question 20

Electoral Democracy

Answer 20

elections, competition, participation, and protection of liberties. Government falls short in other areas such as civil liberties. (Philipines)

Question 21

Liberal Democracy

Answer 21

free and fair elections, minimum standards for competition and participation are met. Gov’t protects civil rights, liberties and rule of law. Free media separate from gov’t control. (United States)

Question 22

Duverger’s Law

Answer 22

SMDP systems encourage 2 party systems

Question 23

Alternative Vote

Answer 23

absolute majority needed, goes through cycles of eliminating least popular
pro: voters convey more information and don’t have to worry about voting strategically; encourage parties and candidates to seek votes from beyond their base of support; guarantees a majority ruler instead of plurality
con: complicated

Question 24

Majority Runoff

Answer 24

no one wins majority, the top 2 go to a second round runoff
pro: guarantees majority winner coalition incentives, simple
con: expensive!!!

Question 25

Single Member District Plurality

Answer 25

one candidate, most vote win if not over 50%
pro: more direct political accountability, responsibility, and constituency service; simple in comparison to others
con: can produce unrepresentative outcomes at district and national level; can be biased against small parties; can help smaller parties when support is geographically concentrated in small # of districts and ethnic parties

Question 26

Proportional Representation

Answer 26

Multi-member districts and parties win in proportion to their vote share; Party leaders control who gets the seats they win; More parties with chance at seats in the legislator; Coalition governments

Question 27

Closed Party Lists

Answer 27

candidates determines by party, voters vote for party

Question 28

Open Party Lists

Answer 28

voters vote for party and candidate