CP 3 - Antiviral Agent Flashcards
what are some of the components of viruses
nucleic acid (DNA or RNA), protein (coat-structural, enzymes), possible presence of lipid envelope
how does virus like HIV replicate?
1 - virus attachment to cell via receptor
2 - cell entry
3 - virus uncoating
4 - early proteins produced - viral enzymes
5 - genome replication
6 - late transcription/translation - viral structural proteins
7 - virus assembly
8 - daughter virus release from host cells
what is azidothymidine
AZT - inhibit HIV replication as it is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI)
what is the function of nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors?
it inhibit reverse transcriptase
what is another name for azidothymidine
zidovudine
which organisms have polymerases which can convert RNA to DNA
retroviruses (HIV), Hep B
which organisms have polymerases which can convert RNA to RNA
RNA viruses
what are example for pyrimidine analogue?
zidovudine - thymidine analogue
Lamivudine - cytosine analogue
Purine analogue - abacavir/tenofovir
what does Hep B contain in common with HIV
reverse transcriptase
which drugs used against HIV can also be used against Hep B?
NRTI - lamivudine & tenofovir
what is NNRTIs
non-nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor
what are 2 examples of NNRTIs used against HIV?
efavirenz, nevirapine
what are some of the examples for protease inhibitor drugs
-navir
what is an example of a fusion inhibitor
enfuviritide
what is an example of an integrase inhibitors
raltegravir
what is an example of a chemokine receptor anatagonist
Maraviroc
what does HAART stand for
highly active antiretroviral therapy
what are some example of highly active antiretroviral therapy
2 NRTIS + NNRTI
or
2NRTIs + boosted PI
what does HAART start
starts when CD4 falls
what is an adverse effect of using antiviral drugs
resistance develop rapidly as the mutation rate of virus is very high
what is aciclovir used for as an anti-viral drug used for?
Herpes Simplex virus & varicella zoster virus
MOA for aciclovir
nucleotide analogue
what is ganciclovir used for as an anti-viral drug used for?
cytomealovirus
what are zanamavir & oseltamivir used for as anti-viral drug
influenza
what is ribavirin used for as an antiviral drug
Hep C and RSV
what is interferons used for as an anti-viral drug
Hep C and Hep B
