CP 12 - Psychological Disorders Flashcards
Define a psychological disorder?
Medical view: A disease
Psychological view: An interaction of biological and behavioural, cognitive, and social-cultural factors.
What were some of the historical views of a psychological disorder?
Ancient world: Supernatural powers, Possession by demons
400 B.C: Linked to physical causes, Hippocrates beleived it was an imbalance of hormones
-Middle ages: Demons and Witchcraft
-18th Century: Disease of the mind, like physical diseases
-Supernatural view: mysterious behaviour = supernatural powers (dominated early societies)
-Naturalistic view: Abnormality= medical problems
Back then mental hospitals were like prisons.
What is the psychological model?
-Behavioural perspective
=Abnormal behaviour= acquired through behavioural learning: enviromental conditions.
-Cognitive Perspective
= Abnormal behaviours= influenced by mental processes (thoughts, feelings, perceptions and memory)
SLT combines them both
What are some indicators of abnormality?
-Distress
-Unpredictability
-Unconventional and undesirable behaviour
-Maladaptiveness
-Irrationality
(elaboration in notes)
What do psychologist use as a classification system?
DSM-5/diagnostic & Statistical Manual of Mental disorders.
Includes symptoms, syndromes, diagnoses and diseases.
Define mood disorders and name some.
Mental disorders characterised by significant disturbances in a persons emotional state.
-Major depression
-Bipolar disorder
-Generalised Anxiety disorder
-Panic disorder
Elaboration in notes
Name an anxiety disorder.
-OCD/obsessive compulsive disorder
Define somatoform disorders and name some.
-pychological problems appearing in the form of bodily symptoms/physical causes
-Conversion disorder
-Hypochondriases/Hypochondria
Elaboration in notes
What are the symptoms of schizophrenia?
-Severe pathopology
-Personality disintegrates
-Emotional life is disrupted
-Cognitive processes distorted
-More common in woman than men
First appearance: Men :Before 25, Women : Between 25 to 45.
What are the different types of Schizophrenia?
-Disorganised:hallucinations, bizzare behaviour
-Paranoid: Delusions + Hallucinations
-Residual type: had symptoms before but now not anymore
-Undifferientiated: Combination of symptoms that dont fit the other categories.
-Catatonic: Motionless/ Extreme excitement
More elaboration in my notes
What is a developmental disorder? name some.
It appears at any stage of life but first seen in childhood
-Autism
-Dyslexia
-ADHD
More elaboration in notes
Define a personality disorder and name some.
A chronic pattern of poor judgement, disordered thinking, emotional disturbances or lack of impulse control.
-Narcissistic
-Antisocial
-Borderline/BPD
