Evolution Of Population

Question 1

Gene Pool

Answer 1

collection of alleles found in all of the individuals of a population

Question 2

Allele Frequency

Answer 2

Proportion of one allele, compared with all the alleles for heat trait, in the gene pool

Question 3

Normal Distribution

Answer 3

distribution in a population in which allele frequency is highest near the mean range value and decreases progressively toward each extreme end

Question 4

Microevolution

Answer 4

observable change in the allele frequencies of a population over a few generations

Question 5

Directional Selection

Answer 5

Pathway of natural selection in which one uncommon phenotype is selected over a more common phenotype

Question 6

Stabilizing Selection

Answer 6

pathway of natural selection selection in which intermediate phenotypes are selected over phenotypes at both extremes

Question 7

Disruptive Selection

Answer 7

Pathway of natural selection in which two opposite, but equally uncommon, phenotypes are selected over the most common phenotypes

Question 8

Gene Flow

Answer 8

physical movement of alleles from one population to another

Question 9

Genetic Drift

Answer 9

change in allele frequencies due to chances alone, occurring most commonly in small populations

Question 10

Bottleneck Effect

Answer 10

genetic drift that results from an event that drastically reduces the size of a population

Question 11

Founder Effect

Answer 11

genetic drift that occurs after a small number of individuals colonize a new area

Question 12

Sexual Selection

Answer 12

selection in which certain traits enhance mating success; traits are, therefore, passed onto offspring

Question 13

Reproductive Isolation

Answer 13

final stage in speciation, in which members of isolated populations are either no longer able to mate or no longer able to produce viable offspring

Question 14

Speciation

Answer 14

evolution of two or more species from one ancestral species

Question 15

Behavioral Isolation

Answer 15

isolation between populations due to differences in courtship or mating behavior

Question 16

Geographic Isolation

Answer 16

isolation between populations due to physical barriers

Question 17

Temporal Isolation

Answer 17

isolation between populations due to barriers related to time, such as differences in mating period or differences in the time of day that individuals are most active

Question 18

Convergent Evolution

Answer 18

evolution towards similar characteristics in unrelated species, resulting from adaptations to similar environmental conditions

Question 19

Divergent Evolution

Answer 19

evolution of one or more closely related species into different species; resulting from adaptation to different environmental conditions

Question 20

Coevolution

Answer 20

process in which two or more species evolve in response to changes in each other

Question 21

Extinction

Answer 21

elimination of a species from Earth

Question 22

Punctuated Equilibrium

Answer 22

theory that states that speciation occurs suddenly and rapidly followed by long periods of little evolutionary change

Question 23

Adaptive Radiation

Answer 23

process by which one species evolves and gives rise to many descendant species that occupy different ecological niches