COVID-19 The Pandemic So Far

Question 1

Define endemic

Answer 1

The constant presence and/or unusual prevalence of a disease or infectious agent in a population within a geographic area

Question 2

Define epidemic

Answer 2

An increase, often sudden, in the number of cases of a disease above what is normally expected in that population in that area

Question 3

Define outbreak

Answer 3

An increase, often sudden, in the number of cases of a disease above what is normally expected in that population in small/ limited geographic area

Question 4

Define pandemic

Answer 4

An epidemic that has spread over several countries or continents usually affecting a large number of people

Question 5

Which groups of coronavirus can affect humans?

Answer 5

Alpha and beta

Question 6

What kind of coronavirus is SARS-COV2?

Answer 6

Beta

Question 7

How is SARS-COV2 spread?

Answer 7

Droplet or airborne

Question 8

What is the reproduction (R) number?

Answer 8

the number of people that can acquire the infection from an infected person

Question 9

What is the ideal R number required to control spread?

Answer 9

<1

Question 10

How and to which human cell does SARS-COV2 bind to?

Answer 10

The COVID virus uses spike proteins on the outside of the viral envelope to bind to a receptor on human cells called angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). This receptor is predominantly displayed within the respiratory system

Question 11

What causes multi organ failure in SARS-COV2 infections?

Answer 11

Multiorgan failure is caused by either viral transmission to other organs OR the mass inflammatory response

Question 12

What is meant by specificity and sensitivity?

Answer 12

• Specificity= confidence in a negative result

- Sensitivity= confidence in a positive result