Covalent Structure Flashcards
What are the two forces to consider when looking at covalent structures? (2)
- Intra-molecular forces
- Inter-molecular forces
What are Intra-molecular forces?
Those holding the atoms in the molecules together (covalent bonds).
What are Inter-molecular forces?
Those holding the molecules together in their different phases.
Which forces are being broken down when water becomes water vapour?
The inter-molecular forces.
Do covalent structures conduct electricty?
No
Why do these structures not conduct electricity?
To conduct electricity, substances must contain either ions or electrons that are free to move. Molecules do not contain either.
Do covalent structures have low boiling points?
Yes
Why do these structures have low boiling points?
Many covalent compounds have low boiling points because the intermolecular bonds are
weak and require relatively small amounts of energy to overcome. They are volatile and
evaporate easily to give a smell.
What is the physical state of covalent structures?
Most substances with simple molecular structures are liquids or gases at room temperature. As the forces between the molecules are weak, the molecules are not held tightly like particles in a solid but are free to move.
Are these structures volatile and why?
Yes because due to their low boiling points they are able to evaporate easily.
Comment on the solubility of covalent structures.
Most are insoluble in water. Instead, they dissolve in organic solvents.
