Covalent Bonds Flashcards
What is Covalent Bonding and what element type forms it?
Covalent bonds are formed between non-metal atoms. Covalent bonds share their electrons (not transfer) to gain a full outer shell.
Do covalent compounds conduct electricity? Why/why not?
Covalent compounds don’t conduct electricity, due to no free electrons being able to conduct electrical charges.
How many electron pairs are shared in single, double and triple bonds
- Single = 2 electrons shared (1 pair, abbreviated with 1 dash)
- Double = 4 electrons shared (2 pairs, abbreviated with 2 dashes)
- Triple = 6 electrons shared (3 pairs, abbreviated with 3 dashes)
How do I find the total no. of valence electrons to draw a Lewis diagram?
You add the valence electrons up, however, there are more rules:
- If an element has a subscript, multiply the subscript with the no. of valence electrons of the element associated with said subscript (eg. H₂O = 1(2) + 6 = 8 valence electrons)
- If an element has a negative charge, the charge number adds to the total number of valence electrons (eg. CN- = 4+5+1 = 10 valence electrons)
What element goes in the middle goes in a Lewis diagram, and what element always goes outside, no matter what?
The least electronegative atom involved is drawn in the center. No matter what, though, hydrogen will always be outside.
What are intramolecular bonds?
- Intramolecular bonds are bonds that happen WITHIN molecules.
- They form discrete molecules; a separate unit of atoms bonded together, existing on its own.
- Intramolecular bonds influence the chemical properties of a compound.
What are intermolecular bonds?
- Intermolecular bonds are bonds that happen BETWEEN molecules.
- It happens when more electronegative (negative) parts of a molecule attract less electronegative (positive) parts of another molecule.
- They connect discrete molecules together.
- intermolecular bonds influence the physical properties of a compound.
