Covalent Bonds

Question 1

Describe the octet rule

Answer 1

The octet rule refers to the tendency of atoms to prefer to have eight electrons in the valence shell

Question 2

Predict the number of covalent bonds that will be formed by any element based on its number of valence

Answer 2

The Octet Rule states that atoms prefer to have eight electrons in their outer shell for stability

Question 3

Identify the number of electrons in a covalent bond

Answer 3

In a covalent bond: Single bond: 2 electrons shared Double bond: 4 electrons shared Triple bond: 6 electrons shared

Question 4

Identify the number and type of atoms in a molecule from its molecular formula

Answer 4

To identify the number and type of atoms in a molecule from its molecular formula, simply count the number of each type of atom listed in the formula

Question 5

Describe the difference between dot and cross diagrams and electron dot diagrams

Answer 5

Dot and Cross Diagrams: Show the transfer of electrons from one atom to another to form ions or ionic compounds. Electron Dot Diagrams: Illustrate the arrangement of valence electrons around an atom, often used for covalent compounds, showing shared electrons between atoms in a molecule.

Question 5

Explain why noble gases do not form bonds with other atoms

Answer 5

Noble gases do not form bonds with other atoms because they have a full valence shell of electrons (8 electrons except helium with 2 electrons). This stable electron configuration makes them chemically inert and unlikely to gain, lose, or share electrons to form bonds.

Question 6

Interpret a ball and stick model of a molecule for number and type of atoms

Answer 6

Count types of balls for number of atoms. Identify ball colors/shapes for atom types.