Covalent Bonding - Sharing Of Electrons Flashcards
Ionic bonding usually only occurs between metals and non-metals however bonding can still occur between non-metals which do not contain ions, how does this occur?
Instead of containing ions, the atoms achieve noble gas configurations by sharing electrons
Define a molecule.
2
A molecule is a group of atoms joined together
It is the smallest particle of an element or compound that can exist independently
Write a note on how a hydrogen molecule is formed (H2).
4
One hydrogen atom shares its single electron with another hydrogen atom
The second hydrogen atom shares its single electron with the first hydrogen atom
The two electrons are shared between the two hydrogen atoms
Thus, each hydrogen atom achieves a stable electron structure
What is a covalent bond?
The chemical bond formed by sharing a pair of electrons
What is the name given to the chemical bond formed by sharing a pair of electrons?
Covalent bond
What represents a covalent bond?
A dash
What is the name of the diagram used to draw covalent bonds?
The dot-and-cross diagrams
Write a note on how a water molecule is formed (H2O)
4
An oxygen atom shares two of its own electrons with two hydrogen atoms
Two covalent bonds are formed
The water molecule is a V-shaped molecule
Oxygen has two lone pairs and two bond pairs
What shape is a water molecule?
V-shaped
Define a lone pair.
Pairs of electrons that are not bonded to another atom
Define a bond pair
Pairs of electrons that are involved in bonding with another atom
What are pairs of electrons that are not bonded to another atom called?
Lone pairs
What are pairs of electrons that are involved in bonding with another atom called?
Bond pairs
What is the valency of hydrogen?
One or it is monovalent
What does monovalent mean?
To have a valency of one
