Covalent bonding Flashcards
Explain why chlorine and fluorine form covalent bonds
They are both non-metals
Complete the sentence: In covalent bonds, electrons are _______________________
Shared
In ionic bonds, electrons are ___________________
Transferred
What is the name given to the structure of diamond, graphite and silicon dioxide?
Giant covalent
How many bonds does each carbon have in diamond?
4
Explain why diamond has a high melting point
Giant structure, Strong covalent bonds between the atoms, requires a lot of energy to break
Explain why most giant covalent substances do not conduct electricity (3 marks)
There are no electrons/ions/charged particles that are free to move
Explain why graphite conducts electricity
Has delocalised electrons between the layers that can move through the graphite
Explain why graphite can act as a lubricant
Weak forces between layers which are free to slide over each other
What is graphene?
One layer of graphite
What is a fullerene?
Substance made of carbon atoms arranged in a cage
What type of substance are methane and water?
Simple molecular (or simple molecules)
What is a molecule?
A group of atoms chemically bonded together
Describe the structure of simple covalent molecules
Strong covalent bonds between atoms, weak forces holding the molecules together
What are intermolecular forces?
Weak forces between molecules which hold them together
