Covalent Bonding

Question 1

What is a covalent bond

Answer 1

The sharing of electrons from their outermost shell

Question 2

How many bonds can a covalent bond have

Answer 2

Single ,double and triple bond

Question 3

What are the 2 giant covalent structure (macromolecules)

Answer 3

Diamond and graphite

Question 4

What are the properties of diamond

Answer 4

Bonded to 4 carbon atoms
Doesn’t conduct electricity as there is no delocalised electrons
Strong and hard
Tightly packed so it allows heat to conduct
Very high melting point due to the strong covalent bonds
Insoluble as the bonds are too strong to break

Question 5

What are the properties of graphite

Answer 5

Bonded to 3 carbon atoms
There is a 4th carbon atom which is delocalised and is free to move around and carries a charge
This allows graphite to conduct electricity
Graphite has flat hexagons that have layers which slide over each other as there are weak van der waals forces holding it together
Soft and easily breakable
Has a high melting point due to strong covalent bonds
Layers are far apart so it has a low density
Insoluble as the bonds are too strong to break

Question 6

What is an example of a molecular covalent

Answer 6

2 iodine atoms

Question 7

What type of attraction is there in covalent bonding

Answer 7

An electrostatic force between the shared electrons and the positive nucleus

Question 8

What is an example of a dative covalent bond

Answer 8

NH3 ammonium

Question 9

What is a dative covalent bond

Answer 9

A bond where one atom donates a lone pair of electrons to itself and another atom

Question 10

What is the properties of molecular structures

Answer 10

They have a low boiling point
They have weak van der waals forces
So the bond easily break which require little energy