Covalent bonding Flashcards
What is giant covalent melting and boiling points
High melting and boiling points because the strong covalent bonds between the atoms must be broken to melt or boil the substance ,this requires a lot of energy. Solid at room temperature.
What is Small molecules melting and boiling points
Low melting and boiling points as only the weak intermolecullar forces need to be overcome for substance to melt or boil. Doesn’t require much energy. Gaseous or liquid at room temperature.
What is larger molecules melting and boiling points
Low melting and boiling points but higher than small molecules as stronger intermolecular forces which require more energy to overcome. Liquid at room temperature.
What is covalent bonding
A covalent bond is when atoms are shared between two non metals.
What is difference between single and double bond
Single bond is when each atom shares one pair of electron whilst double is when each atom shares two.
What is graphites structure
It’s made of only carbon
Each carbon atom is bonded to three others and forms hexagonal rings in layers
Each carbon atom has spare electron which is delocalised and free to move around the structure.
Is graphite hard
Graphites layers can slide over each other because not covalently bonded. Graphite is therefore softer than diamond even tho both made out of carbon, diamond has four strong covalent bonds.
How does graphite conduct
Has delocalised electrons which can carry electrical current and allow it to flow so it’s a conductor of electricity.
What is fullerenes
It’s hollow cafes of carobs bonded together by our molecule. Can be arranged as a sphere or tube called nanotube.
Can fullerene slide over each other
Molecules held together by weak intermolecular forces so can slide over each other
Can fullerene conduct electricity
Yes
What is Buckminsterfullerene
First fullerene discovered and had 60 carbon atoms
What can fullerene in hollow shapes be used for
Lubricants and in drug delivery
