Covalent Bonding

Question 1

1.28)How is a covalent bond formed?

Answer 1

A covalent bond is formed when a pair of electrons is shared between two atoms (non-metal atoms)

Question 2

1.29) A covalent bond results in the formation of __________________.

Answer 2

A covalent bond results in the formation of molecules.

Question 3

1.30) Recall the typical size of:
• an atom
• a hydrogen molecule (H2)

Answer 3

An atom = 0.2 nm or 10^-9 m

A H2 molecule = 0.074 nm or 7.4 x 10^-11m

Question 4

1.31) Simple molecular substances consist of molecules which contain atoms that’s are bound tightly together by strong covalent bonds. Draw dot and cross diagrams of the following simple molecular substances: 
  • hydrogen 
  • hydrogen chloride 
  • water 
  • methane
  • oxygen 
  • carbon dioxide

Answer 4

Hydrogen = H—H 
Hydrogen Chloride = H—Cl
Water = H—O—H
Methane =         H
                             |
                     H— C —H
                             |
                             H
Oxygen =  O=O
Carbon Dioxide =   O=C=O