Covalent Bonding

Question 1

What does the Inverse Square Law state?

Answer 1

A specified physical quantity is inverse proportioned to the square of the distance from the source of that physical quantity

Question 2

What does monoatomic refer to?

Answer 2

A molecule composed of just 1 atom which lacks any covalent bonds, has full outer shells and does not need to share electrons

Question 3

What are some examples of monoatomic atoms?

Answer 3

All noble gases because of their stable electronic configuration

Question 4

What are some examples of diatomic atoms?

Answer 4

O2 or N2

Question 5

What is a covalent bond?

Answer 5

The sharing of one pair of electrons between non-metallic elements of similar electronegativity, where nothing is lost or gained and there is no conductivity in any state

Question 6

What are some examples of covalently bonded molecules?

Answer 6

O2, CO2, C2H6, H2O, SiC

Question 7

What do covalent molecular substances consist of?

Answer 7

A small number of atoms that form molecules such as carbon dioxide

Question 8

What do covalent networks consist of?

Answer 8

An infinite number of atoms to form giant network lattices such as diamonds, and later lattices such as graphite

Question 9

What are the properties of covalent molecular substances?

Answer 9

Low melting/boiling point, soft, non-conductors in any form

Question 10

What do Lewis structures depict?

Answer 10

The electron distribution around an atom, and help determine how many covalent bonds form between atoms

Question 11

What does the VSEPR theory propose?

Answer 11

The geometric arrangement of atoms about a central atom in a covalent compound is determined by the repulsions between valence electron pairs

Question 12

Why do covalent molecules have a specific shape?

Answer 12

Since electrons pairs repel, they orient themselves as far apart as possible from each other

Question 13

What is the difference between lone pairs and bonded pairs?

Answer 13

Lone pairs contain only atoms of one element, whereas bonded pairs contain atoms of two elements

Question 14

What do molecular formulas indicate?

Answer 14

How many atoms and the type of atoms that exist in a molecule, such as C2H6

Question 15

What do empirical formulas indicate?

Answer 15

The proportion of the elements present in a compound, but not the actual numbers or arrangement of atoms, such as CH2O

Question 16

What do structural formulas depict?

Answer 16

The graphic representation of the arrangement of atoms within a molecule or compound

Question 17

What are the properties of 3D covalent networks?

Answer 17

High melting/boiling points, very hard, brittle, non-conductors in any form

Question 18

Why are 3D covalent networks very hard?

Answer 18

They have strong covalent bonds throughout the giant molecular structure

Question 19

What are some examples of 3D covalent networks?

Answer 19

SiO, SiO2, SiC, C

Sand, diamond