Court Cases Flashcards
Wisconsin V. Yoder 1972
Facts: Wisconsin established law and fined Amish families removing children from school after 8th grade.
Issue: The difference between individual rights and educational
Ruling: For Yoder
Law: The free Exercise Clause of the First Amendment
Marbury V. Madison 1803
Facts: Addams left appointments and commissions. Marbury judge didn’t receive it. He wanted a writ of mandamus.
Issue: Under Article 3 to grant for ambassadors and states. Also article 13 for original jurisdiction cases.
Ruling: Marbury could have writ of mandamus, but court couldn’t rule as under article 3 for commission. Also article 13 was unconstitutional
McCulloch V. Maryland 1816
Facts: Federal bank established in Maryland. Maryland charged taxes.
Issue: Article 1 had no federal banks. Article 1 had Necessary and Proper Clause
Ruling: ]McCulloch with necessary and proper clause. Furthermore supremacy in federalism
US V Lopez 1995
Facts: Teenager brought gun to school. Arrested for state laws, then federal Commerce clause charges
Issue: Commerce clause overreach
Ruling: Lopez
Law: Federalism and overreach of the government
Engel V Vitale 1962
Facts: New York had prayer in school.
Issue: Establishment clause 1 amendment. 14 amendment state abridgment
Rulings: Engel
Law: 1st amendment establishment
Tinker V Des Moines 1969
Facts: Tinker wore black bands against Vietnam war to school
Issue: 1st Amendment freedom of speech versus disruption
Rulings: Tinker
Law: 1st Amendment freedom of speech. Created test for disruption
New York Times V US 1971
Facts: New York Times posted top secret documents of ‘lying’ about Vietnam War efforts
Issue: Prior restraint versus 1st amendment freedom of press
Rulings: New York Times
Law: 1st amendment rights. Prior restraint for certain times not this
Schenck V US 1919
Facts: Congress issued espionage act to stop hindrances. Socialist wrote resistance against draft.
Issue: Freedom of speech versus rebellion against government
Ruling: Schenck
Law: Words used to present a clear and present danger. Danger in the time of war.
Gideon V Wainwright 1961
Facts: Gideon poor and stole. Poor and State government denied him a lawyer.
Issue: Sixth amendment right to a lawyer applies to the states? Does the fourteenth amendment equal protection clause apply to the states?
Ruling: Gideon
Law: Sixth amendment right to lawyer applies from the fourteenth amendment equal protection clause
McDonald V Chicago 2010
Facts: McDonald lived in dangerous neighborhood. Ohio had highest gun restrictions.
Issue: Second Amendment right to bear arms versus personal liberty
Ruling: McDonald
Law: Second Amendment right to bear arms. Part of fourteenth amendments application of bill of rights in equal protection to states
Brown V Board of Education 1954
Facts: Segregated school. Black family weren’t allowed in local white school.
Issue: Equal protection laws in the 14th amendment
Ruling: Brown
Law: Violated 14th Amendment clause of equal protection clause
Citizens United V FEC 2010
Facts: Corporations were banned from electronical communication smear before the election. Citizens made movie against Hillary Clinton
Issue: Freedom of speech
Ruling: Citizens united
Law: Freedom of speech clause in the 1st amendment. Removing laws that restrict it
Baker V Carr 1962
Facts: Old districts in Tennessee with shift in rural and urban districts.
Issue: Equal protection clause in 14th amendment
Ruling: Federal government had responsibility to fix districts
Law: Equal protection clause of fourteenth amendment. Also caused for other states to fix their districts
Shaw V Reno 1993
Facts: Two districts were made to be majority black to represent after census. Considered racial gerrymandering
Issue: Equal protection clause of the 14th amendment versus helping minorities
Rulings: Shaw against Reno
Law: Violated the Equal Protection clause of the 14th amendment
Roe V Wade 1973
Facts: During Women’s right movement, abortion was legalized. One women couldn’t get a abortion in Texas
Issue: Right to privacy which is implied such as 1,4,6. Fourteenth Amendment equal protection clause.
Ruling: Roe
Law: Right to privacy. Allowed restrictions for states to apply.
