Course 4: The rise of Al-Andalus

Question 1

who was the prophet ?

Answer 1

prophet muhammad

Question 2

what happened during the rashidun caliphate?

Answer 2

expension outsite the arabian peninsula

Question 3

what countries did they conquest?

Answer 3

syria, armenia, egyp and north africa

Question 4

where did the arabs conquests continue to?

Answer 4

north africa and central asia

Question 5

was the expansion slow?

Answer 5

no it was rapid

Question 6

were the arab armies highly mobile and a versatile force?

Answer 6

yes

Question 7

who did they integrate in their armies?

Answer 7

non-arabas and non-muslims

Question 8

didn’t the arabs seek the forced conversion of non-muslim populations at the beginning?

Answer 8

no, but they demanded obedience to the religious and political of prophet muhammad

Question 9

who entered first the IP from north africa?

Answer 9

a berber general Tariq ibn Ziyad and soldiers

Question 10

was the muslim army led by only arabs?

Answer 10

no, they were also composed mainly of north african tribes

Question 11

was there a problem of the sources during the muslim invasion

Answer 11

yes

Question 12

name one reason why there was an endemic instability of the visigoth kingdom?

Answer 12

the religious question and the jewish communities

Question 13

what did economy have to do with the endemic instability of the visigoth kingdom?

Answer 13

the collapse of the economy and a demographic crisis

Question 14

was al-andalus part of the ummayd caliphate as a independant province?

Answer 14

no, it was a dependend province

Question 15

what were the berbers rebelling against?

Answer 15

the exclusive arab elite and that they refused to support them with tax revenues

Question 16

weren’t there internal problem and rivalries of the original arab groups and to more recent arab grous?

Answer 16

yes

Question 17

who proclaimed the Emirate of Cordoba a political and administratively independent from Abbasid dynasty?

Answer 17

it was Abd al-Rahman

Question 18

was the emirate spiritually and morally connected with the rest of Islam?

Answer 18

yes it was

Question 19

what is a caliph?

Answer 19

political authority, no longer recognize the religious authority

Question 20

who proclaimed himself caliph?

Answer 20

abd al-rahman

Question 21

was cordoba the capital of the caliphate?

Answer 21

yes

Question 22

did cordoba become the biggest metropolis in western europe?

Answer 22

yes, and it was really advanced

Question 23

in what areas was al-andalus most advanced?

Answer 23

in sciences, economy, art

Question 24

did al-andalus re-opened the mediterranean trade routes?

Answer 24

yes

Question 25

what did al-andalus led to?

Answer 25

the revival of agriculture: arab irrigation, techniques that were sophisticated

Question 26

what were the cultures that were coexisting?

Answer 26

jewish, christian and muslim

Question 27

wasn’t the al-andalus society equal?

Answer 27

no

Question 28

didn’t the muslims of arab origin had a higher status than those from berber?

Answer 28

yes

Question 29

who was at the top of the pyramid?

Answer 29

the caliph or emir

Question 30

who held positions of power and enjoyed a higher status than the rest?

Answer 30

the moorish conquerors

Question 31

did the muslim have to pay taxes?

Answer 31

no

Question 32

who were the muladi?

Answer 32

christians that converted to the muslim religion

Question 33

were the jews merchants?

Answer 33

yes

Question 34

did the jews have to pay taxes?

Answer 34

yes

Question 35

who were the mozarabs?

Answer 35

christians living in al-andalus

Question 36

what did the slaves do?

Answer 36

used for labour

Question 37

was there a religious tolerance?

Answer 37

yes

Question 38

weren’t the jews and christians not tolerated?

Answer 38

no, they were tolerated to a certain degree

Question 39

what was one condition for them to be tolerated?

Answer 39

if they acknowledged the islamic superiority

Question 40

did the jews and christians have to comply with the rules?

Answer 40

yes

Question 41

name 3 restrictions that the jews and christians had?

Answer 41

clothing, building synagogues and churches, and not able to carry weapons

Question 42

was the conversion graduate?

Answer 42

yes

Question 43

wasn’t there 50% of the local population that were muslim and after almost 90%?

Answer 43

yes

Question 44

where did the arab settled in?

Answer 44

cordoba, Seville and Zaragza

Question 45

what exacerbated the inter-ethnic tensions?

Answer 45

the arrival of the syrians

Question 46

could the christians and jews practive their faith?

Answer 46

yes

Question 47

was there economic interaction between the faiths?

Answer 47

yes

Question 48

didn’t the christian communities became increasingly arabized in language?

Answer 48

yes

Question 49

what was the priority of the new emire?

Answer 49

to neutralize the rebellious elements within Al-Andalus

Question 50

who where the ennemies during the Moorish South ?

Answer 50

the christians