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Scribe Study Sets > Course #2 > Flashcards

Course #2 Flashcards

1
Q

Associated symptoms

A

Specific symptoms that raise the physicians suspicion for a particular DDx (differential diagnosis)

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2
Q

Pertinent negatives

A

Specific symptoms that are not present which lower physician’s suspicions for a particular DDx

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3
Q

Key symptoms of MI

A

Chest pain/pressure (CP), diaphoresis (sweating), shortness of breath (SOB), nausea/vomiting

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4
Q

Key symptoms of CAD

A

CP and SOB; improved with nitroglycerin (NTG)

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5
Q

Define coronary artery disease

A

Plaque build up to the coronary arteries leading to poor blood flow to the chest. Causes chronic chest pain (angina)

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6
Q

Define myocardial infarction

A

Heart muscle death caused by a blockage of a coronary artery

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7
Q

What disease make up the “triple threat?”

A

HTN, HLD, DM

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8
Q

Key symptoms of CHF

A

SOB, orthopnea (SOB worse when lying down at night), bilateral lower extremity swelling

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9
Q

Key symptom of AFib

A

Palpitations

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10
Q

Key symptoms of PE

A

Chest pain; worse with deep breaths (pleuritic), SOB, and patients are often hypoxic (low oxygen saturation) and tachycardic (elevated HR)

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11
Q

Key symptoms of COPD

A

SOB, wheezing, cough, chest tightness; worse when sick

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12
Q

Key symptoms of asthma

A

SOB, cough, wheezing, and chest tightness when triggered; improved with breathing treatments

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13
Q

Key symptoms of PNA

A

Productive cough, SOB, fever, CP

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14
Q

Define Focal neurological deficits

A

An area of the brain dysfunctioning leading to specific loss of functions throughout the body such as one sided weakness/numbness, speech and visual issues, loss of coordination

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15
Q

Key symptoms of ischemic CVA

A

Unilateral focal neurological deficits (one sided weakness/numbness or changes in speech/vision)

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16
Q

Key symptoms of hemorrhagic CVA

A

Severe, sudden onset headache, focal neurological deficit (FND)

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17
Q

Key symptoms of transient ischemic attack (TIA)

A

Transient (short lived) FND

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18
Q

Key symptoms of meningitis

A

Headache, neck pain/stiffness, fever, altered mental status (AMS)

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19
Q

Why is NTG given in the ED?

A

It is a vasodilator- used to improve blood flow to heart for CAD and MI

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20
Q

What is Acetylsalicylic Acid?

A

Aspirin or ASA

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21
Q

Why is ASA given in the ED?

A

It is an anticoagulant used to prevent a blockage in the coronary arteries to prevent MI

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22
Q

Why is tPA given?

A

It is a thrombolytic used to break up clots in the brain during an ischemic stroke

23
Q

Ischemic CVA vs. hemorrhagic CVA

A

Ischemic- poor blood flow to the brain due to a clot
Hemorrhagic- brain bleed due to a ruptured blood vessel

24
Q

What is Murphys sign and what does it indicate?

A

Area of tenderness in the RUQ on abdominal exam indicating cholecystisis (inflammation of the gallbladder)

25
Q

What is McBurney’s point and what does it indicate?

A

Area of tenderness in the RLQ and indicates appendicitis

26
Q

Key symptoms of cholelithiasis

A

Gall stones- RUQ pain; worse when eating fatty foods

27
Q

Key symptoms of appendicitis

A

RLQ pain; worse with movement

28
Q

Dysuria

A

Urination

29
Q

What condition is characterized by one sided flank pain and hematuria

A

Kidney stones (nephroliathisis/renal calculi)

30
Q

What condition is characterized by dysuria and flank pain w tenderness to the costalvertebral angles?

A

Pyelonephritis (kidney infection)

31
Q

Define sepsis

A

Bacterial infection in the blood causing inflammation throughout the body that can lead to shock and death

32
Q

Define Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

A

Bulge in the aorta within the abdomen region, which can lead to rupture and death

33
Q

Define Aortic Dissection

A

Tear in the aortic lining leading to the blood vessel is ripped away from the muscle causing “ripping and tearing” chest pain, which can lead to death

34
Q

STEMI vs.NSTEMI

A

STEMI- larger blockages leading to larger areas of tissue death, leads to ST elevations on EKG
NSTEMI- smaller blockages that do not cause any changes on EKG

35
Q

What condition is characterized by symptoms of fever/AMS w abnormal vitals?

A

Sepsis

36
Q

What is mechanism of injury and why is it important?

A

Documentation for traumas and how the patient was injured to help determine the severity of injury

37
Q

What is Glasgow Coma scale?

A

Scale from 3-15 that measures a patients responsiveness, used to document trauma

38
Q

Why do we document blood thinnners use for trauma

A

Helps determine risk of internal bleeding

39
Q

Define cellulitis

A

Skin cell infection

40
Q

Define abscess

A

Skin infection with collection of underlying pus

41
Q

Risk factors for CAD/MI

A

PMHx: CAD/MI, HTN, HLD, DM
FHx: CAD/MI, <55 yrs old
SHx: Smoking

42
Q

2 types of MI

A

STEMI and NSTEMI

43
Q

Coumadin is a …

A

Blood thinner / anticoagulant

44
Q

How is AFib diagnosed?

A

EKG or ECG

45
Q

Define Angina

A

Chest pain due to CAD

46
Q

Treatment of bacterial pneumonia

A

Antibiotics

47
Q

Treatment of COPD

A

Bronchodilators, supplemental oxygen, corticosteroids, potential ventilatory support

48
Q

Classic symptoms of Meningitis

A

Neck pain/stiffness, headache, fever, AMS

49
Q

What is a common cause of AMS in elderly patients

A

UTI

50
Q

Define dysuria

A

Painful urination

51
Q

Define hematuria

A

Blood in the urine

52
Q

Diaphoresis

A

Sweating

53
Q

Symptoms of AAA

A

Midline abdominal pain

54
Q

Symptoms of aortic aneurysm

A

Ripping/tearing chest pain that may radiate into the back

Scribe Study Sets (4 decks)

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