Couples

Question 1

Patriarchal

Answer 1

Relating to or denoting a system of society or government controlled by men.
“a patriarchal society”

Question 2

Instrumental Role

Answer 2

The provider/bread winner

The person who goes to work and brings in the money

Question 3

Expressive Role

Answer 3

The nurturing caring role in the household usually held by the mother

Question 4

Conservative

Answer 4

An averse to change or innovation and holding traditional values.

Question 5

Conjugal Role

Answer 5

Those in which the husband and wife have a clear differentiation of tasks and a considerable number of separate interests and activities.

Question 6

Kin

Answer 6

Family relations

Question 7

March of progress

Answer 7

Family life improvement for all its members

Question 8

Affluence

Answer 8

Being a wealthy household

Question 9

Labour-Saving devices

Answer 9

Something that reduces hard work or labour (e.g. Washing machine)

Question 10

Feminism

Answer 10

The advocacy of women’s rights on the ground of the equality of the sexes.

Question 11

Sex-Typing

Answer 11

Stereotyping a certain role to a certain gender.

Question 12

Industrialisation

Answer 12

The development of industries in a country or region on a wide scale.

Question 13

Urbanisation

Answer 13

Making areas more urban (city like)

Question 14

Symmetrical Family

Answer 14

When the roles in the household are equal and done by both the man and the woman

Question 15

Edgell

Answer 15

The men make more of the decisions and influence family decision making as they earn more money

Question 16

Talcott Parsons (1955)

FUNCTIONALIST

Answer 16

Husband plays instrumental role
Wife plays expressive role

He argues that the division of labour is natural based on the biological differences between men and women

Neoliberal/New right agree with this

Question 17

Young and Willmott
Criticism of Parsons

MARCH OF PROGRESS

Answer 17

Men are now sharing domestic tasks with women and more wives are wage earners

Question 18

Feminist view on Parsons

Answer 18

His view only benefits men and the division is not ‘natural’

Question 19

Elizabeth Bott (1957)

On the two types of roles in marriage

Answer 19

Segregated conjugal roles- couple has separate roles, the women does housework + the man is the breadwinner

&

Joint conjugal roles- couple evenly does housework and both brings in money

Question 20

Young and Willmott

Pattern in segregated and joint conjugal roles

Answer 20

Identified pattern in working-class extended families in the 1950s in East London-
Men were breadwinners and spent leisure time out with friends at the pub
Women stayed at home as full-time housewives

Question 21

Why is marriage in the 19th century considered ‘Patriarchal’?

Answer 21

As women were considered property and their property became their husbands but not vice versa
As well as this only men could access divorce

Question 22

Domestic division of labour

Answer 22

Refers to the roles that men and women play in relation to housework, childcare and paid work

Question 23

Ann Oakley (1974)
Symmetrical

Answer 23

She interviewed husbands that said they helped once a week- not symmetrical

Said there was evidence that men were starting to help more around the house.

Many felt they were good fathers for taking the kids out whilst the mum did housework

Question 24

Ann Oakley (1974)

Answer 24

Domestic labour is sex typed
Men do DIY and women do cooking and cleaning

The labour men do tends to be ‘more rewarding’

Men get half an hour more ‘free time’ than women per day

Question 25

Man Yee-Kan (2001)

Answer 25

Better paid Younger More educated women do less housework per week

Question 26

Jonathan Gershuny (1994)

Answer 26

Women in full time jobs do less housework The longer they had a full time job the more domestic labour their husbands did Couples who parents had a more equal relationship were more likely to have a more equal relationship themselves There has been a change in society's values and changes in parental models He does agree that domestic labour is sex-typed

Question 27

Rosemary Crompton (1997)

Answer 27

Argues changes in domestic labour is connected to economic factors - As long as pay is unequal there will be a domestic division of labour

Question 28

British Social Attitudes (2013)

Answer 28

Fall in the number of people who think it's a man's job to be the breadwinner and a woman's job to be the homemaker

Question 29

Ferri and Smith (1996)

Answer 29

Women now carry a 'dual burden' of paid work and housework

Question 30

1-Morris (1990) 2-Ramos (2003)

Answer 30

1-Unemployed men avoid housework 2-disagreed and found that there was equality with housework and paid work

Question 31

Duncome and Marsden (1995)

Answer 31

Women undertake the majority of work, they have a 'triple shift' of paid work, housework and emotional labour

Question 32

Dune (1999)

Answer 32

The division of labour continues due to gender scripts

Question 33

Barrett and Mclntosh (1991)

Answer 33

Men get more from women's labour than they give back financially Men make the big decisions about money

Question 34

Kempson (1994)

Answer 34

W/c women deny their own needs

Question 35

Graham (1984)

Answer 35

Found separated women were better off in benefits

Question 36

Vogler (1994) | Pooling and allowance

Answer 36

Sharp increase in Pooling 19% to 50% Decrease in allowance systems 36% to 12%

Question 37

1-Hardill (1997) 2-Finch (1983)

Answer 37

1-Men's careers take priority 2-women's lives are shaped around their husband's careers

Question 38

Edgell (1980)

Answer 38

Found important financial decisions are taken by husband unimportant decisions (eg- décor and food) are taken by wives.

Question 39

Nyman (2003)

Answer 39

Every couple defines money differently

Question 40

The home office (2013)

Answer 40

1.2 million women suffer domestic abuse 400,000 sexually assaulted 70,000 raped Thousands more stalked

Question 41

Dobash x2

Answer 41

Domestic violence starts when a man feels his authority is challenged Marriage legitimises violence as husbands are given more power and authority

Question 42

Male victims of DV - independent

Answer 42

As a man its very difficult to say I've been beaten up

Question 43

Male victims of DV statistics

Answer 43

78/33 spaces of refuges are dedicated to men 1 in 3 victims of DV are male

Question 44

Stephanie Yearnshire (1997)

Answer 44

On average a woman suffers domestic violence 35 times before making a report

Question 45

Miller & Firestone (1970) | FEMINIST

Answer 45

Societies are founded on patriarchy Men are the enemy and are oppressors and exploiters DV keeps a woman under control of a man

Question 46

Wilkinson and Pickett (2010) | Materialist explanation

Answer 46

Domestic violence is a result of stress on family members due to inequality; low income families are more likely to be stressed and take it out on others A child in a low income family is more likely to be on child protection services