Counselling Psychology

Question 1

Emergence of counseling psychology

Answer 1

In the 1950s, the explosion of enrollment in higher education and the needs of the returning World War II veterans spurred significant research in the areas of career development and counseling orientations. Theories of human development and behavior grew out of these economic and social forces during this time period, and client-centered, directive, learning, psychodynamic, humanistic, and existential theories further developed

Question 2

Role of counseling psychologist

Answer 2

counseling psychology were explicated. These characteristics included an emphasis on positive mental health, strengths-based adjustment and coping, empowerment of individuals, advocacy, political involvement, and direct teaching of skills. Promotion of mental health was not only encouraged at the individual level but extended to groups and systems. Counseling psychology was considered to impact development across the entire life span, to address adjustment and satisfaction in vocational as well as personal spheres, and to incorporate prevention and remediation strategies. In addition, viewing people and their behavior within a sociocultural context influenced by variables of culture, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, age, and sociohistorical perspectives was also considered of paramount importance

counseling psychologists perform administrative tasks, professional practice, and research. Three different roles were described for counseling psychologists: remedial or rehabilitative, preventive, and educative and developmental.

The Counseling Psychologist are based on substantive research; they have focused on human development, counseling theory, counseling methods, and professional issues. Early major contribution topics were vocational development theory, client-centered therapy, student unrest, and behavior counseling.

Emphasizing counseling psychology’s concerns with less severely disturbed individuals (and pointing out that they worked with clients, not patients), Hahn saw counseling psychologists as more interested in research and administration than were clinical psychologists.

Counseling psychologists were trained to help clients to change attitudes and value systems and to address vocational concerns. In Hahn’s view, they were taught to stress psychological strengths and health rather than psychopathology, diagnosis, and remedial psychotherapies.

Question 3

Role of clinical psychologist

Answer 3

Clinical psychologists were likely to work in medically related modes and settings and were more oriented toward personality reorganization.