Counseling and Helping Relationships

Question 1

Freud is the father of psychoanalysis, which is both a form of treatment and a very comprehensive personality theory. According to Freud’s theory, inborn drives (mainly sexual) help form personality. ______ & ______, who originally worked with Freud, created individual psychology and analytic psychology, respectively. a. Carl Jung; Alfred Adler b. Alfred Adler; Carl Jung c. Josef Breuer; A.A. Brill d. Alfred Adler: Rool May

Answer 1

b. Alfred Adler; Carl Jung

Question 2

Eric Berne’s transactional analysis (TA) posits three ego states: the child, the adult, and the parent. These roughly correspond to Freud’s structural theory that includes a. oral, anal, and phallic b. unconscious, preconscious, and conscious c. a & b d. id, ego, and superego

Answer 2

d. id, ego, and superego

Question 3

In transactional analysis (TA), the ________ is the conscience, or ego state concerned with moral behavior, while in Freudian theory it is the _______. a. Adult, unconscious b. Parent, ego c. Parent, superego d. Parent, id

Answer 3

c. Parent, superrego

Question 4

Freud felt that the successful resolution of the Oedipus (swollen feet) complex led to the development of the superego. This is accomplished by a. identification with the aggressor, the parent of the same sex b. analysis during the childhood years c. identification with the parent of the opposite sex, the aggressor d. transference

Answer 4

a. identification with the aggressor, the parent of the same sex

Question 5

Freudians refer to the ego as a. the executive administrator of the personality and the reality principle b. the guardian angel of the mind c. the pleasure principle d. the seat of the libido

Answer 5

a. the excutive administrtor

Question 6

Freud’s theory speaks of Eros and Thanatos. A client who threatens a self-destructive act being ruled primarily by a. Eros b. Eros and the id c. Thanatos d. both Eros and Thanatos

Answer 6

c. Thanatos

Question 7

The id is present at birth and never matures. It operates mainly out of awareness to satisfy instinctual needs according to the a. reality principle b. the notion of transference c. Eros principle d. pleasure principle, suggesting humans desire instinct gratification such for libido, sex, or the elimination of hunger or thirst.

Answer 7

d. pleasure principle,…

Question 8

If you think of your mind as a seesaw, then the fulcrum or balancing apparatus would be the a. id, which has no concept of rationality or time b. ego c. superego, which judges behavior as right or wrong d. BASIC-ID

Answer 8

b. ego

Question 9

A therapist who says to a patient “Say whatever comes to mind” is practicing a. directive counseling b. transactional analysis c. paraphrasing d. free association

Answer 9

d. free association

Question 10

The superego contains the ego ideal. The superego strives for ______, rather than ______ like the id. a. perfection; pleasure b. pleasure; perfection c. morals; ethics d. logic; reality

Answer 10

a. perfection; pleasure

Question 11

All of these theorists could be associated with the analytic movement except: a. Freud b. Jung c. Adler d. Wolpe

Answer 11

d. Wolpe

Question 12

Most scholars would assert that Freud’s 1900 work entitled ‘The interpretation of Dreams” was his most influential. Dreams have a. manifest and latent content b. preconscious and unconscious factors c. id and ego d. superego and id

Answer 12

a. manifest and latent content

Question 13

When a client projects unconscious feelings toward the therapist that he or she originally had toward a significant other, it is called a. free association b. insight c. transference d. resistance

Answer 13

c. transference

Question 14

Which case is not associated with the psychodynamic movement? a. Little Hans b. Little Albert c. Anna O. d. Daniel Paul Schreber

Answer 14

b. Little Albert

Question 15

In contrast with classical psychoanalysis, psychodynamic counseling or therapy a. utilizes fewer sessions per week b. does not utilize the couch c. is performed face to face d. all of the above

Answer 15

d. all of the above

Question 16

Talking about difficulties in order to purge emotions and feelings is a curative process known as a. catharsis and/or abreaction b. resistance c. accurate empathy d. reflection of emotional content

Answer 16

a. catharsis and/ or abreaction

Question 17

Id, ego, superego is to structural theory as _______ is to topographical theory. a. child, Adult, Parent b. abreaction, catharsis, introspection c. ego ideal d. unconscious, preconscious, conscious

Answer 17

d. unconscious, preconscious, conscious

Question 18

The most controversial aspect of Freud’s theory is a. catharsis b. the Oedipus complex c. the notion of the preconscious mind d. the interpretation of dreams

Answer 18

b. the Oedipus complex

Question 19

Evidence for the unconscious mind comes from all of these except: a. Hypnosis b. slips of the tongue and humor c. dreams d. subjective units of distress scale

Answer 19

d. subjective units of distress scale

Question 20

In a counseling session, a counselor asked a patient to recall what transpired three months ago to trigger her depression. There was silence for about two and one-half minutes. The client then began to remember. This exchange most likely illustrates the function of the a. preconscious mind b. ego ideal c. conscious mind d. unconscious mind

Answer 20

a. preconscious mind

Question 21

Unconscious processes, which serve to minimize anxiety and protect the self from severe id or superego demands, are called a. slips of the tongue b. ego defense mechanisms c. id defense processes d. latent dream material

Answer 21

b. ego defense mechanisms

Question 22

Most therapists agree that ego defense mechanisms are unconscious and deny or distort reality. Rationalization, compensation, repression, projection, reaction formation, identification, introjection, denial, and displacement are ego defense mechanisms. According to Freudians, the most important defense mechanism is a. repression b. reaction formation c. denial d. sublimation

Answer 22

a. repression

Question 23

Suppression differs from repression in that a. suppression is stronger b. repression only occurs in children c. repression is automatic or involuntary d. all of the above

Answer 23

c. repression is automatic or involuntary

Question 24

An aggressive person who becomes a professional boxer because he or she is sadistic is displaying a. suppression b. rationalization c. sublimation d. displacement

Answer 24

c. sublimation

Question 25

An advertising agency secretly embeds the word SEX into newspaper ads intended to advertise the center’s chemical dependency program. This is the practice of a. sublimation b. repression c. introjection d. none of the above

Answer 25

d. None of the above